EFFECTOR ONLINE

 



########## |   Volume I                               Number 5   |

########## |                                                     |

###        |                   EFFECTOR ONLINE                   |

#######    |                                                     |

#######    |                    In this issue:                   |

###        |           NetNews: Prodigy's Stage.Dat              |

########## |       Crooks,Big Brother,Biden,and the F.B.I.       |

########## |          Privacy: The Real Vs. The Ideal            |

           |     Five (Common?) Misperceptions about the NREN    |

########## |         Macrotransformation: The 'Telecosm'         |

########## |        Crunch, Stoll, and Optick at the CFP         |

###        |              A Daytrip to Prodigy Land              |

#######    |            -==--==--==-<:>-==--==--==-              |

#######    |                      Editors:                       |

###        |         Gerard Van der Leun (boswell@eff.org)       |

###        |             Mike Godwin (mnemonic@eff.org)          |

###        |            Mitchell Kapor (mkapor@eff.org)          |

           |                                                     |

########## |   The general contents of Effector Online may be    |

########## |        freely reproduced throughout the Net.        |

###        |   To reproduce signed material herein outside the   |

#######    |    Net, please secure the express permission of     |

#######    |                     the author.                     |

###        |                                                     |

###        |             Published Fortnightly by                |

###        |    The Electronic Frontier Foundation (eff.org)     |

                                                                  

effector n, Computer Sci. A device for producing a desired change.

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                                FAST BREAKS:

                 Net News from throughout known Cyberspace


>>The Stage.Dat Flap:

     Prodigy took it on the chin yet again this month. A rumor began to

circulate around the nets, (followed by numerous assertions of the

"truth" of these rumors) that Prodigy, through a part of their program

known as Stage.Dat, was actively spying on and collecting information

from its users' hard disks.  Exactly why Prodigy would want to do this

went largely unasked. As did the question of what in the world Prodigy

would do with the shards, bits,odd bytes,code clusters and fragments of

information it collected. It was also unclear whether or not the

Stage.Dat program sucked user data off the hard disk in the first place.

None of this mattered to numerous online factions ready to believe

anything evil about Prodigy in the wake of the company's recent orgy of

user abuse.

     Ultimately, the Stage.Dat file was found to be harmless and the

users' suspicions without foundation. When the Prodigy software creates

Stage.Dat, it essentially "lays claim" to a chunk of the hard disk. Any

remnants and scraps of previously deleted material inside the new

boundries of Stage.Dat will naturally be contained in the file.  Nothing

malign can be laid at Prodigy's door.  It merely continues to pay the

price in user mistrust for its previous attempts to control its users by

seeing them as revenue sources rather than human beings.  Until Prodigy

recognizes that basic rights extend even to the private and corporate

realms of Cyberspace, it will continue to be plagued with incidents such

as Stage.Dat.


>>Tracking Steve Jackson 

     Many people have asked what has happened since the EFF filed suit

against the U.S. Secret Service and others two weeks ago.  Other than a

spate of stories in the public and trade press, not a lot has happened.

The wheels of justice grind slow and fine.  The EFF will be in this for

the long haul, but lawsuits don't have dramatic new twists and turns on

a weekly basis, no matter what we see on L.A. Law. 

     In the meantime, watch this space. 


>>EFF Opposes Federal Restrictions on Encryption Use

     The Electronic Frontier Foundation opposes Senate Bill.266 and any

other proposed federal statute that would limit the private use of

encryption technology.

     If the language in SB 266 had the force of law, it would require

commercial and noncommercial service providers and system operators to

produce plain-text versions of public or private messages on their

systems when presented with a proper warrant. This would, in effect,

prohibit users of these systems from using public key encryption

technology on these systems, since no service provider or system operator

who allowed such encryption would be able to comply with the law.

     We at the EFF believe that, in an era of increasing technological

encroachments upon everyone's privacy, public key encryption presents at

least a partial defense for individuals and organizations that are

concerned about privacy. We believe that making the use of such

encryption technology illegal, or creating strong legal disincentives for

its use, would deprive Americans of an important tool they can now use to

help preserve their privacy. At the same time, we believe, it would do

little to keep such technology, already well-documented and widely

available, out of the hands of the terrorist and criminal entities with

which the bill is concerned. We also believe this legislation flies in

the face of the government's own policies, since the Department of

Defense has long subsidized the development of commercial encryption

technology.

     Currently, it is legal for any citizen to encrypt a letter and send it

through the U.S. mail system. Because we believe that computer-network

communication will assume an increasingly important role in the lives of

all Americans, we oppose any statutory scheme that would grant less

privacy to  computer-based electronic communication than it grants to the

mails.

    In a late breaking development, the ACLU and the EFF have been in

contact with Senator Biden's staff. The staff has agreed to sit down with

us and hear our concerns.  Any people with information or concerns about

S.266 are invited to send email to Mitchell Kapor (mkapor@eff.org).


>>EFF Assists Challenge of Computer-Use Prohibition In Atlanta Case

     The Electronic Frontier Foundation has sought amicus curiae status

to assist in challenging a condition of a computer-crime defendant's

supervised release that prohibits the defendant from owning or

personally using a coputer. 

     Defendants Robert Riggs, Adam Grant, and Frank Darden, who pled

guilty last summer to offenses relating the unauthorized copying

of a memorandum concerning the E911 emergency telephone system,

received, in addition to prison terms and restitutionary requirements,

a prohibition on personal use and ownership of computers. Because

the EFF believes this prohibition was overbroad, infringing upon

the First Amendment rights of the defendants and extending far beyond

the scope of federal sentencing law, the Foundation has chosen to

assist defendant Robert Riggs in his challenge of the prohibition.

     It is EFF's position that the restriction on computer-use is not

sufficiently narrowly tailored to achieve the government's purposes

as set out in federal sentencing law. We believe that computer use

is so fundamentally related to First Amendment rights of expression

and association that restrictions on such use, even when imposed

on convicted defendants, must meet high standards of Constitutional

scrutiny.


>>Two Distinguished Professionals Join EFF Board

     Mitchell Kapor recently announced the election of Esther Dyson and

Jerry Berman to the Board of The Electronic Frontier Foundation. In

making the announcement, Kapor said, "These are two terrific people and

will bring an incredible amount of expertise and wisdom to the board.

Esther knows the industry and the issues as well as anyone on the planet.

And Jerry Berman's experience with the legal aspects of all the EFF

issues -- stemming from his first-rate work with the ACLU -- is is

outstanding."


>>Anonymous FTP Available At EFF

     The EFF's anonymous FTP area is now set up.  If you are on the 

Internet,you can use your computer's FTP program to connect to eff.org

(192.88.144.3).  Login as "anonymous" and use your e-mail address as the

password.  Example:


eff% ftp eff.org

Connected to eff.org.

220 eff FTP server (SunOS 4.1) ready.

Name (eff.org:ckd): anonymous

331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.

Password:ckd@eff.org (NOTE: this will not display)

230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.


     From there you can use the normal ftp commands to look around, change

directories, and the like.  See your local system documentation or type

'help' at the ftp prompt.

     Files available include back issues of Effector Online, information

about the EFF's activities and goals, and documents on the Steve Jackson

Games lawsuit.  For more information, contact ftphelp@eff.org.


>>System Manager Joins EFF Staff

     Christopher Davis recently joined the EFF's staff as Network

Administrator and System Manager. He is responsible for the day-to-day

operations of eff.org (a Sun 4/110), several Macintoshes in the office,

the local network, and printers. A 1990 Magna Cum Laude graduate from

Boston University, he holds a Bachelor of Science in Management

Information Systems.  His electronic mail address is (ckd@eff.org).


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                 CROOKS, BIG BROTHER, BIDEN AND THE F.B.I.


                             by Denise Caruso


Dateline: May 5, 1991


     How do you both keep Big Brother at bay and criminals out of 

circulation when computer technology has become a easy, powerful 

enhancement to traditional spying techniques such as wiretapping 

and encryption?

     Yet another ugly question looming on the electronic frontier.

     It looms large as debate rages about a proposal tucked into a

Senate bill on terrorism, S. 266, which "suggests" that makers of

computer security equipment consider building trap-doors into their

systems.

     Though at first it was thought that the S. 266 provision was 

cooked up by the National Security Agency, most now believe it was 

engineered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Of late, the FBI 

quietly got a similar suggestion placed in another Senate crime bill,

S.618, "the Violent Crime Control Act of 1991."

     The FBI wants to easily intercept and interpret encrypted phone calls,

data transmissions and electronic files when they've has been given the

authority to do so by the courts. Gorges are rising in the technology

community as a result. What happens in a court of law, for example, when

a vendor hasn't followed this "suggestion"?

     Another argument asks whether a suspected criminal, being forced to

provide a "key" to decrypt a message, could be seen as "self-incriminating"

something we're protected against in the Fifth Amendment.

     Also, does forcing me to compromise the security of my data infringe on

my right to self defense? Since encryption is considered a munition,

making it less reliable could be tantamount to, say, forcing me to use a

varmint rifle instead of a sawed-off 12-gauge. You got it: "When

encryption is outlawed, only outlaws will use encryption."

     These examples don't even begin to address the significant industry

aspects of such a proposal. A group of heavy-hitting companies including

Apple Computer, Novell, Lotus Development, Microsoft, Sun Microsystems

and Digital Equipment are almost finished drafting a plan to implement

encryption technology from RSA Data Security in Redwood City.

     Why do you think companies like these (they're competitors, in case you

hadn't noticed) are toiling away together on implementing encryption in

their products? They've lived the experience of not having it: Hacker

invasions and compromised passwords. Viruses infecting diskettes that

get shipped to customers. Sensitive competitive information siphoned off

telephone lines and local-area networks.

     And there is a growing customer clamor for secure electronic data

interchange or EDI, an electronically transmitted document that is as

legally binding as a written and signed paper contract. Who would use an

EDI security product with a built-in back door? Intruders don't need

search warrants.

     Here's another interesting scenario. The Prodigy Information Service

software, via an alleged "quirk" in the program, gives Prodigy access to

the contents of a user's computer files. But Apple Computer (with

permission, please note) can essentially "reach in" to your system and

record what equipment you've got hooked up, what kind of software you

use, etc., via its AppleLink online service.

     This is not particularly high-tech or even unusual. America Online,

where I spend a lot of time, automatically updates its software onto my

hard disk -- without my permission -- when another version is ready for

use. It saves the enormous cost and hassle of sending diskettes to

thousands of users. The phone link is a two-way connection: if AO wanted

to read the contents of my hard disk, it could, as could Apple or any

online service -- or well-equipped individual, for that matter -- who

wanted to. Personal encryption software would make it impossible to do

so.

     In a world where online communications makes it ridiculously easy to

reach out and grab someone's private information, I find it

counterproductive to introduce doubt and suspicion into the good news of

a growing data protection industry. It's bad enough that bills such as

S. 266 and S. 618 would probably kill the cryptography business in the

United States and strengthen it offshore. But worse yet is that the

privacy and protection of proprietary information will take a big hit.

     I want crime to stop. I want terrorism to stop. But do we want to secure

the networks or not? I have never seen evidence that power in the hands

of government authority didn't corrupt. I have never heard of a

compromise-able network that didn't get compromised. With increasing

reliance on computer-based networks, back doors for law enforcement (or

whoever else figures out how to crack them) make me afraid. I don't

think they're a good idea.


     Copyright 1991 by Denise Caruso. (dcaruso@well.sf.ca.us)

     Reproduced by permission of the author. 


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                          Recent Microsoft ad:

        "Some people don't see the advantages of combining

         Microsoft applications. But then some people

         didn't see what would come of mixing nitro and

         glycerin"


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          THE REAL AND IDEAL LIMITS OF PRIVACY: How Far Apart?


                 by Jim Warren (jwarren@well.sf.ca.us)


[Editor's note:  At the Computer Freedom & Privacy Conference,

Marc Rotenberg vigorously defended the following position:

  "No organization shall make secondary use of personal information

   without the individual's affirmative consent."

After the event, Jim Warren, the organizer and Chair of the CFP

Conference considered ramifications of such a policy, posted some thoughts

on the WELL, and edited and condensed them at our request for publication,

here.]


  Here are some specific examples of how "affirmative consent" might impact

use of personal information:

  Although there were a multitude of co-sponsors of the March CFP

Conference, CPSR was the sponsor and is the legal owner of the database

detailing those who registered and/or paid fees to attend the event.

  OK:

  Should CPSR be prohibited from using that list for anything

other than validating registrant's access to the Conference?

  CPSR had a fund-raising reception at the Conference hotel.  Should CPSR

be prohibited from mailing invitations to Conference registrants?  The

registrants provided addresses for Conference registration; not to be invited

to one of the co-sponsor's fund-raiser.

  Would it make a difference if the invitation did or did not request a

donation?  How about if it required a "donation" for admission?

  Please note that some percentage of the participants almost certainly oppose

some or most of what CPSR espouses.

  Those who provided their personal information in this database -- names,

addresses, phones, etc., -- for the singular purpose of being permitted to

attend the Conference.

  Should they be notified of the availability of audio-tapes, video-tapes

and printed Proceedings of the Conference?  I.e., should their computerized

personal information be used for direct-mail marketing of products related

to the CFP Conference?  How about its use for mailing information about

related events, publications and organizations (such as EFF)?

  What if someone is -- gawd forbid! -- someone makes a profit from products

or services offered by such direct mail to those database names?  Like nasty,

awful capitalist publishers -- who take the entrepreneurial risk of

publishing the Proceedings in hopes of making a profit (and risk a loss)?

  If affirmative consent is required, but was not obtained in the first

[unsolicited, direct-mail] advertisement of the Conference, how can CPSR

obtain the required consent without mailing a solicitation for which they

have no affirmative consent [seeking permission to solicit]?

  Should only those who asked for information about tapes and published

Proceedings be notified of their availability?  Then, prices of the tapes

and books would have to be much higher than if unauthorized solicitation were

made to the much-broader potential customer-base.

  Should the database owner, CPSR, be permitted to use the personal

information on the CFP registrants' to solicit new members?

  Should CPSR be permitted to use it to mail notices about the U.S. Privacy

Council -- that was created during the Conference, but was not an official

Conference activity?  Note:  Conference registrants included direct-marketing

representatives -- hardly eager to support ardent privacy regulation.

  Should CPSR use the CFP database to distribute advocacy of their

Freedom of Information Act litigation against the FBI?  After all, the

database includes FBI agents and other enforcement officers -- who furnished

names and addresses for the singular purpose of registering for the

Conference.  (This is a hypothetical.  I know of no CPSR plans to produce

or mail such an announcement.)

  Or, should CPSR use the personal profiling information collected from

registrants to segment the CFP reg list -- to mail solicitations

[though without affirmative consent] only to those likely to be

interested in promoting privacy, or supporting FOIA actions against the FBI

-- avoiding those who would probably be uninterested or offended?

  This is exactly what the direct-marketing groups try to do.  They use

personal profile information to attempt to identify only addressees who will

want and use their catalogs.

  There are other practical issues.  As a minor datapoint -- the CFP

Conference would probably be in the black and would have been better

organized, had it not been for the *many*, many hours spent by my

assistant, entering, checking and endlessly modifying the privacy locks

Conference registrants could check.  It was *very* costly data-processing.

  Or, here's an example of government efficiency versus privacy:

We had a number of government employees attend the CFP Conference.  Most

required that we accept a purchase order and bill them.  (Given the April

15th season, I thought of demanding immediate payment from the several IRS

representatives, however I decided that such demands only work one-way.)

  The purchase orders were some approximation of Standard Form 182 or DD1556

-- those eleventeen-part forms that are supposed to provide all needed

information to all involved bureaucrats and outside parties.

  Thus, they included registrants' *home* addresses, home phones, social

security numbers, dates of birth, office phones, years and months

of continuous service, position-levels, pay grades, type of

appointments, whether they were handicapped and education levels.

  This included information on at least one attendee from an investigative

agency, plus others responsible for their agency's privacy project!

  Some of the forms arrived with all this typewritten info clearly

visible -- to me, my staff and CPSR, the legal owner of those records.

  Other forms had some of the really important personal stuff blocked out.

Not, of course, the home address or personal work phone-extension or

education level.  I mean *important*, secret stuff -- like the "first five

letters of the last name" and years and months of service.  In fairness,

one form did block out the social security number and date of birth.

Another had the home phone X'ed out by typewriter.  However, all left most

personal information clearly visible.

  Had they computerized the records, they could have avoided inappropriate

disclosures, unneeded multi-part forms and rekeying of information -- which

several agencies did.  Internal managers could have simply referred to the

computer record, as needed.  But, that would create one of those terrifying

computerized records containing all that personal information.

  Here's an example of selective privacy, granted only to certain powerful

public officials -- including those Los Angeles Police officers featured in

recent videos (to which this is in no way specifically related):

  An organization of California judges joined forces with a statewide police

officers' association and persuaded the Legislature and Governor to pass

special legislation authorizing judges and police officers to seal

their personal information in some otherwise-public records (e.g., voter

registration).

  More recently, information-provider companies proudly demonstrated to a

meeting of judges how much information they had compiled on the judges, their

families, personal habits, biases, etc. -- sold to attorneys with litigants

wealthy enough to research jurists before going to trial.  The judges

freaked!  First, they considered going back to the Legislature to ask for

still more special privacy benefits for themselves.  Finally, they decided

they'd tolerate the same lack of privacy of everyone else -- a laudable

judgement!

  Should some public officials have greater privacy rights than the

general public?  Should they be able to seal their voter reg records?

How about their residency information -- so citizens are unable to verify

whether officials really fulfill perhaps-mandated jurisdiction residency?

  How about their property assessment records -- prohibiting concerned

citizens from verifying that officials are fairly assessed?

  If judges can seal records -- as they can, to some extent -- to protect

them and their families, then cannot the same case be made for all political

figures, the wealthy and the powerful?  How about Hollywood stars and

starlettes (however defined)?  And rock stars?  How about attractive women --

and men?  How about the elderly and frail -- less able to defend themselves?

How about all those big bucks political donors who would prefer to have no

public record on themselves, their property or their financial activity?

  In fact, how about everyone who wants to keep their "public" records

secret?  Should property assessments be secret?  Voter registrations?

Professional licenses?  Professional competency findings?

  To what extent do citizens want to be prohibited from accessing records by

which they may independently and personally verify that all citizens --

great and small -- are being equitably and fairly treated?  Sealing public

records guarantees opportunity for covert manipulation, special treatment,

and rampant abuse.

  Sealed voter registrations deter citizens' ability to communicate with the

electorate and make independent citizen review functionally impossible.

  Let us think carefully before we too-quickly seal records in the sacred

name of "privacy," or we may later discover that we have destroyed our

citizenry's ability to effectively communicate with itself and make informed

judgements about the equitable treatment of its members.


                Reproduced by permission of the author. 


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             Excerpt from conversation between customer support person 

             and customer working for a well-known military-affiliated 

             research lab: 


   Support:"You're not our only customer, you know."

   Customer:"But we're one of the few with tactical nuclear weapons."


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             Five (Common?) Misconceptions About the NREN


                by Tom Valovic (tvacorn@well.sf.ca. us)


     1. NREN will solve the most critical problem in the US telecom

infrastructure namely, the lack of band width capacity in the local loop.

((Comment: NREN, either via Gore or ANI, will not even begin to address

this problem.))

     2. NREN will provide certain advanced capabilities that don't exist

today, but that can be considered the wave of the future. For example,

hospital teleradiology applications; modeling and simulation capabilities 

for use in private enterprise R&D, etc..

((Comment: Many of the kinds of applications frequently invoked to justify

NREN are already being done today, and a fair measure involve either

trials or actual service being developed by the RBOCs. One example is

Nynex's SMDS trial in Boston which links four major medical centers for

teleradiology and other applications. There are many such activities

underway, in many areas of the country. They have nothing whatsoever to

do with NREN. Similarly, many companies are using workstations and

networked CAD/CAM to do collaborative R&D among geographically dispersed

sites and this too has been going on for some time, sans NREN.))

     3. NREN will allow the US to stay competitive with the Japanese in

telecommunications.

((Comment: The Japanese have an aggressive program in place to deploy

fiber throughout NTT's subscriber base i.e. residential applications. We

do not. This -- the deployment of fiber and high band width capacity in

the local exchange -- is where we are falling behind with respect to the

telecom policies and programs of some other developed countries,

including Japan. The lack of progress has much to do with the CATV/telco

stalemate over who gets to deliver the fiber to your neighborhood.

Again, NREN as currently conceived, will do nothing to address this.))

     4. NREN/K-12 represents a major set of solutions to the educational

crisis in the US.

((Comment: Maybe. But as Stephen Wolff pointed out at a recent NREN

seminar, it's mainly intended to serve the needs of the "best and the

brightest", whereas educational problems in the US cut across a broad

spectrum. If NREN/K-12 is going to help most of our kids, and not just a

select few, then the little girl in Tennessee accessing the Library of

Congress via modem first has to learn how to read.  Further, there is 

already an abundance of computer technology in K-12 today that's being 

wasted because of poor utilization. This is a human resources and training

problem not a technological problem. Until we solve it, throwing more

technology at the educational system (K-12, at least) will continue to

be ineffective.))

     5. NREN will provide the "data superhighways of the future" on a

nationwide basis if its implemented.

((Comment: This is somewhat misleading since these data superhighways

already exist in the form of interexchange carrier fiber capacity that's

already been deployed by the likes of ATT, Sprint, MCI, and a large

group of independent long-haul fiber providers like Wiltel and others.

Alternate (non-RBOC) fiber is also being deployed in many major metro

areas by ALC's like Teleport (Merrill Lynch), MFS, Eastern TeleLogic,

ICC, and many others. All of this activity constitutes the real basis

for the "data superhighways of the future". Much of this capacity, at

least as far as the major metro areas are concerned, is available right

now. The real issues are cost and access --which, in theory, NREN does

address.)


(BTW, the foregoing is *not* an argument against NREN, but rather an

attempt to demonstrate that some of the arguments now being used to justify

it are based on somewhat dubious assumptions.)


                Reproduced by permission of the author. 


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   "The less you know about home computers, the more

    you'll want the new IBM PS/1."

                 -- Ad in The Edmonton Journal

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                         MACROTRANSFORMATION:

          A Review of "Into the Telecosm" by George Gilder


            by Scott Loftesness (Compuserve: 76703,407 )  


     In my reading this week, I came across an article by 

George Gilder in the latest issue of the Harvard Business Review.  "Into

the Telecosm" urges action at the state and national levels to begin

rapid deployment of a national fiber-optic networking capability that

ultimately would provide a fiber connection to every American home.

     Gilder claims that the rapidly advancing technologies of microchips,

electromagnetic waves, and fiber optics will transform commerce:

     "In the next decade or so, microchips will contain a billion or more

transistors, expanding a millionfold the cost-effectiveness of computer

hardware.  The terminals on our desks and televisions in our living

rooms will give way to image-processing computers, "telecomputers" that

will not only receive but also store, manipulate, create and transmit

digital video programming.  Linking these computers will be a worldwide

web of fiber-optic cables reaching homes and offices."

     The problem, according to Gilder, is that only one of these technologies

- computer power - is developing at a rapid pace.  The big problem area

is communications or, rather, the lack of it.  "Today the wiring is

holding back what people and boxes can do."

     Progress in the computer area is indeed impressive.  Gilder cites

quadrupling the number of transistors on a chip every three years and

reductions in the cost of processing power of up to 50% a year as two

examples of the incredible progress being made on the hardware side of

computing.  Much of this new power is being put to work on images of one

sort or another.  But there is a big problem.  The telecommunications

infrastructure can't handle what the new telecomputers require in terms

of information bandwidth.  "You cannot send an ocean through pipes

developed for a stream," says Gilder.

      "While the efficiencies of decentralized computing spring

from the laws of solid-state physics - the "microcosm" - breakthroughs

in communications will spring from the "telecosm," a domain of reality

governed by the action of electromagnetic waves and in which all

distances collapse because communication is at the speed of light.  The

law of the microcosm militates for increasingly distributed computing;

the telecosm enables powerful links between computers.  The challenge is

to close the gap between microcosm and telecosm, between the logical

power of computers and the power of their communications."

     Gilder points out that much of the work in the computer industry is

devoted to trying to live within the limited bandwidth available on

today's networks, on compression hardware and software products.

Claiming that the communications crisis is more "a failure of

imagination than of technology," Gilder points out that a major piece of

the potential solution is at hand:

     "In a crisp formula, Nicholas Negroponte of MIT's Media Lab outlines the

needed change: what currently goes through wires, chiefly voice, will

move to the air;  what currently goes through the air, chiefly video,

will move to wires.  The phone will become wireless, as mobile as a

watch and as personal as a wallet; computer video will run over

fiber-optic cables in a switched digital system as convenient as the

telephone today."

     Citing this "reversal" issue as a key one for policy makers, Gilder

points out that there is plenty of spectrum available for new innovative

services if the FCC's regulations were changed to help force this shift

in delivering video from over-the-air to fiber optics.  Citing the

common industry objections to this approach, Gilder claims "costly fiber

optics is just as mythical as scarce spectrum."  The problem is the

regulatory environment that prevents telephone companies

from laying fiber to homes.

     Fearing a situation analogous to the videotape recorder, Gilder fears

that the delays in deploying fiber to the home will result in the U.S.

again losing a critically important technology leadership position in

opti-electronic technology and that the U.S. fiber optic production

capacity is at exposed to lower cost competition from Japan, a country

that apparently is getting very serious about installing fiber to the

home.  Gilder says that although the U.S. still spends far more money

per capita on its communications infrastructure than any other country,

a large chunk of that spending is for private business networks that

will "ultimately be bad for U.S. business and, ironically, is starving

the ultimate distribution system for its services and products.  To open

new markets, business leaders need a national network, not simply a

Babel of business networks."

     A very important effect of this kind of transition to fiber to the home,

according to Gilder, will be the transition from broadcast to narrowcast

that the technology will now permit.  Fiber will enable cause a shift

"from a mass-produced and mass-consumed horizontal commodity to a

vertical feast with a galore of niches and specialties."  Marginal costs

of delivering another program choice drop to almost nothing.  The

two-way nature of the medium enables a huge number of new sources of

program material, driving the money from the distribution channel of

today to the creators of programming tomorrow.

     Gilder urges business leaders to take action to force the reform of the

"telecom snarl that imperils creativity and progress in computers and

communications."  The problem is political.  The vested interests "all

focus on the destruction and mobilize to prevent it. In the U.S., the

broadcasters are marshaling their forces to preserve what

they claim are the special virtues of free and universal broadcast

service.  The cable industry is fast becoming a political juggernaut-a

group of PACs with coax - moving to prevent the phone companies from

installing fiber-optic networks.  Meanwhile, television networks and

manufacturers around the world are holding out the promise of HDTV,

which is the old medium dressed up with a bigger screen and sharper

pictures."

     Gilder's article makes very interesting reading for a very interesting

time. In April, the National Telecommunications and Information

Administration (NTIA) of the U.S. Department of Commerce is scheduled to

release its "comprehensive study of the national telecommunications

infrastructure."  How strongly will the administration advocate a

dramatic shift in the regulatory environment to enable this kind of

national broadband network?  

     As they say on TV, "film at 11."


               Reproduced by permission of the author.


                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-

    Real Americans talk About Why They Chose the 

     Sun SPARCstation 2000 (tm):


         "Last week we had a fella from Digital come out

          and look at the soybean crop.  After 20

          minutes, Ma chased him off and threw his

          keyboard out the window.  We`re from old

          Norwegian stock, and we know a thing or two

          about bus controllers."

                 -- Buck Flange, Arkansas, Texas

[Collected internally from a gag article at Sun...]

                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


           Crunch, Stoll, Optik and the Other Usual Suspects

       A Snapshot of the Computer Freedom and Privacy Conference


                    by Kevin Kelly (kk@well.sf.ca.us)


     I was blown away by this conference. I expected a decent education 

and left today feeling I had attended an EVENT. Impressions is all I can

offer right now.

     Crunch coming up to Phiber Optik who is talking to me. "Boy this is

a weird conference. All my friends are here, but so is my prosecutor."

     "Yeah," says Phiber, "my prosecutor is here, too!"

     I didn't have a personal prosecutor and sort of felt left out. Just 

before Crunch had appeared, Phiber was telling me about his late night 

rendezvous with Donn Parker. Parker and Phiber are sitting in a hotel cafe 

booth and Parker is giving Phiber fatherly advice (you should go to school),

while Phiber is telling him what's really cool (and better than school) 

about tunneling through cyberspace. Oh.... to have been there!

     Cliff Stoll scampering on the floor in agitated delirium telling his

story about the Strange Lady of the conference confronting him, saying,

"I disagree with everything you ever wrote." I nearly got knuckled by

his yo-yo as he talked.

     Sterling telling the university of Florida crime professor his version

of what happened to all the computer cops. He weaves in references to

turf battles, and the fact that 'my computer is better than any of the

computers the feds have to work with'. Later, the crime professor

admits on a panel that half of all the computer trained cops with a 

job today are at this conference!

     John Gilmore's rousing speech. "I want to be able to rent a video

without having to identify myself. I want to get a drivers' license

without having to identify myself."

     I spent a lot of time with David Chaum, the totally anonymous 

electronic money guy, whom Gilmore was referencing, and I now believe 

Gilmore's dream is possible (though unlikely as put).


                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


                       A Day In The Life of Prodigy


                             by Mitchell Kapor


 I spent half a day at Prodigy the other week with a dozen senior

 managers.  Reconstructed and condensed dialog from my notes:


 MK> Why do you feel it's necessary to pre-screen postings to public

 conference areas?


 P> Two reasons.  Prodigy is a family oriented service.  We have to

 screen out offensive material.  Also, topic drift.  Many of our

 subscribers are more interested in information than in conversation so

 we remove irrelevant comments.  Of course, those affected never *think*

 they're being irrelevant.


 MK> You could offer uncensored public conferencing without fear of

 offense if you offered a free blocking option that would let

 subscribers block particular conferences so their children couldn't

 read them.  You could also have your editors create digests of

 conferences for the information-minded to read.  (Prodigy refers to the

 people who screen conference postings as editors, not censors.  All have

 journalism backgrounds, I was told.)


 P> We never thought of that.


     From this I concluded that promotion of free and open inquiry simply

 didn't sit very high in their pantheon of values.

     I also mentioned that the Well had a method of on-line dispute

 resolution which did not involve throwing people off the system.  (I

 didn't mention that it works by endless rehashing of issues intermixed

 with invective until everyone is too tired to go on. :-) ).  I sang the

 praises of virtual community self-managed as developed in these parts.

     About a week later I got a follow up call from one of the folks at

 the meeting who asked me to arrange a meeting for Prodigy management to

 visit the Well and learn what it's all about.  I asked Cliff and he

 agreed.  I'm not sure how much of the Well is going to rub off on the

 Prodigy. Their corporate immune system can knock out almost any foreign

 meme, but we can always hope for a mild memetic infection.


                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


         Topic 192:  'Misuse of Copyrighted material on the Well' 

          Not without merit (jrc)  Thu, May  9, '91 _16 Lines


Friends, this break in the action is brought to you by rent-a-flamer.

Fed up with garbage that you've been seeing flow across your screen? Are

your favorites getting abused by lowlife meatheads? And yet, are you

afraid to get involved in the endless wrangle and end up like (oops,

almost mentioned a userid there) so many hapless souls who now only post

in Forth and who want to meet jax face to face.


Well, hey! We've got a staff of experts waiting to serve you. Just tell

use which loathsome self-righteous toadstool you want us to go after,

and one of our Bonded Flamers will get on the case and in his/her face

Right This Minute! Pick your issue: You own your words, passive hosting

techniques, racial epithets, technical competence *or* who did what

hacking where first! It's your choice!


$50 per hour plus all online charge. Void where prohibited.


                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-



         Computer Freedom and Privacy Conference Available Now!


  Audio-tapes of the First Conference on Computers, Freedom & Privacy

Tue-Thu Conference sessions are now available.  They may be ordered

from:    

    Recording, Etc./Soper  

    633 Cowper Street 

    Palo Alto CA 94301

    (415)327-9344

    (800)227-9980 [for calls from beyond California]

    (415)321-9261 by fax


TAPES AVAILABLE:

    1.  Constitution in the Information Age

          Laurence Tribe, Harvard Law School Professor; J.Warren/Chair

   Tuesday, March 26th:

    2.  Trends in Computers & Networks

          D.Chaum, P.Denning, D.Farber, M.Hellman, P.Neumann,J.Quarterman;

          P.Denning/Chair

    3.  International Perspectives & Impacts

          D.Flaherty, R.Plesser, T.Riley, R.Veeder; R.Plesser/Chair

    4.  Personal Information & Privacy - I

          J.Baker, J.Goldman, M.Rotenberg, A.Westin; L.Hoffman/Chair

    5.  Personal Information & Privacy - II

          S.Davies, E.Hendricks, T.Mandel, W.Ware; L.Hoffman/Chair

    6.  Network Environments of the Future

          Eli Noam, Columbia University Professor; M.Rotenberg/Chair

   Wednesday, March 27th:

    7.  Law Enforcement Practices & Problems

          D.Boll, D.Delaney, D.Ingraham, R.Snyder; G.Tenney/Chair

    8.  Law Enforcement & Civil Liberties

          S.Beckman, C.Figallo, M.Gibbons, M.Kapor, M.Rasch,

          K.Rosenblatt, S.Zenner; D.Denning/Chair

    9.  Legislation & Regulation

          J.Berman, P.Bernstein, B.Julian, S.McLellan,

          E.Maxwell, C.Schriffries; B.Jacobson/Chair

   10.  Computer-Based Surveillance of Individuals

          D.Flaherty, J.Krug, D.Marx, K.Nussbaum; S.Nycum/Chair

   11.  Security Capabilities, Privacy & Integrity

          William Bayse, FBI Asst.Director; D.Denning/Chair

   Thursday, March 28th:

   12.  Electronic Speech, Press & Assembly

          D.Hughes, E.Lieberman, J.McMullen, G.Perry, J.Rickard,

          L.Rose; E.Lieberman/Chair

   13.  Access to Government Information

          D.Burnham, H.Hammitt, K.Mawdsley, R.Veeder; H.Hammitt/Chair

   14.  Ethics & Education

          S.Bowman, J.Budd, D.Denning, J.Gilmore, R.Hollinger,

          D.Parker; T.Winograd/Chair

   15.  Where Do We Go From Here?

          P.Bernstein, M.Culnan, D.Hughes, D.Ingraham, M.Kapor,

          E.Lieberman, D.Parker, C.Schiffires, R.Veeder, J.Warren/Chair



PRICES & SHIPPING               in United States:   to Canada:  other

int'l: any one audio-tape ( 1 tape )   $14.95 +sales tax*  +$2.50 US

+$ 5.00 US five-tape tape-set ( 5 tapes)   $34.95 +sales tax*  +$5.00 US

+$10.00 US

  Set A:  tapes 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6(Noam)

  Set B:  tapes 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11(Bayse)

  Set C:  tapes 12, 13, 14, 15 and 1(Tribe) full-Conference set (15

tapes)  $59.95 +sales tax*  +$7.50 US   +$20.00 US * - include 6.5% for

sales tax to Cal.addresses; prices include U.S. shipping Make checks to

*Recording, Etc.*; MasterCharge, Visa & American Express OK.

                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


   Where is the REAL Legion of Doom When The Government Needs Them?

                                         (Found in rec.arts.comics)


From: wga@po.CWRU.Edu (Will G. Austin)

Subject: The Legion of Doom


    The members of the Legion of Doom (that I remember) were:


        Lex Luthor              Giganta

        Brainiac                Black Manta

        Toyman                  Riddler

        Sinestro                Scarecrow

        Capt. Cold

        Cheetah

        Solomon Grundy


                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


                          ENDNOTES AND FEEDBACK


    We are always interested in news, pointers, tall tales, true stories,

quotes, jokes and brilliant strokes related to life on the Electronic

Frontier.

    Write to us with comments and criticism, or write for us if you

prefer.  Any letters or stories can be posted to comp.org.eff.talk, or

sent directly to the editor of Effector Online: boswell@eff.org

    We'll be back in a fortnight with another edition.


        In the meantime, you are still on the Electronic Frontier.

                            Be careful out there.

                        -==--==--==-<>-==--==--==-


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