Production of Hydrogen with little energy!

>>>u_sci/physics 6066 behse@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de(44682)13Feb92 03:00

TITLE: Production of Hydrogen with little energy!

+From : behse@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de (Juergen Behse)

+Organization : ZRZ/TU-Berlin

+Keywords : free energy

Hi, I just got this file from Keelynet and had myself red a lot of the

Stanley Meyer Water-fuel-cell.

Here comes an indeep review of the technology. If anybody knows more, please

let me know.

(word processor parameters LM=8, RM=75, TM=2, BM=2)

Taken from KeelyNet BBS (214) 324-3501

Sponsored by Vangard Sciences

PO BOX 1031

Mesquite, TX 75150

There are ABSOLUTELY NO RESTRICTIONS

on duplicating, publishing or distributing the

files on KeelyNet except where noted!

January 2, 1991

MEYER2.ASC

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This file courteously shared with Keelynet by Jim Shaffer.

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METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FUEL GAS (US Pat # 4,936,961)

Related Application:

This is a continuation-in -part of my co-pending application

Ser. No. 081,859, filed 8/5/87, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,826, 581.

Field of Invention:

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for obtaining

the release of a fuel gas mixture including hydrogen and oxygen from

water.

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BACKGROUND OF THE PRIOR ART

Numerous processes have been proposed for separating a water

molecule into its elemental hydrogen and oxygen components.

Electrolysis is one such process. Other processes are described in

the United States patents such as 4,344,831; 4,184,931; 4,023,545;

3,980, 053; and Patent Corporation Treaty application No.

PCT/US80/1362, Published 30 April, 1981.

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OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a fuel cell and a

process in which molecules of water are broken down into hydrogen

and oxygen gases, and other formerly dissolved within the water is

produced. As used herein the term "fuel cell" refers to a single

unit of the invention comprising a water capacitor cell, as

hereinafter explained, that produces the fuel gas in accordance with

the method of the invention.

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Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates a circuit useful in the process.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective of a "water capacitor" element used

in the fuel cell circuit.

FIGS. 3A through 3F are illustrations depicting the theoretical

bases for the phenomena encountered during operation of

the invention herein.

Page 1

Description of the Preferred Embodiment:

In brief, the invention is a method of obtaining the release of a

gas mixture including hydrogen on oxygen and other dissolved gases

formerly entrapped in water, from water consisting of:

(A) providing a capacitor, in which the water is included as a

dielectric liquid between capacitor plates, in a resonate

charging choke circuit that includes an inductance in series

with the capacitor;

(B) subjecting the capacitor to a pulsating, unipolar electric

voltage field in which the polarity does no pass beyond an

arbitrary ground, whereby the water molecules within the

capacitor are subjected to a charge of the same polarity and

the water molecules are distended by their subjection to

electrical polar forces;

electric field to achieve a pulse frequency such that the

Pulsating electric field induces a resonance within the

water molecule;

(D) continuing the application of the pulsating frequency to the

capacitor cell after resonance occurs so that the energy

level within the molecule is increased in cascading

incremental steps in proportion to the number of pulses;

(E) maintaining the charge of said capacitor during the

application of the pulsing field, whereby the co-valent

electrical bonding of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms within

said molecules is destabilized such that the force of the

electrical field applied, as the force is effective within

the molecule, exceeds the bonding force of the molecule, and

hydrogen and oxygen atoms are liberated from the molecule as

elemental gases; and

(F) collecting said hydrogen and oxygen gases, and any other

gases that were formerly dissolved within the water, and

discharging the collected gases as a fuel gas mixture.

The process follows the sequence of steps shown in the following

Table 1 in which water molecules are subjected to increasing

electrical forces. In an ambient state, randomly oriented water

molecules are aligned with respect to a molecule polar orientation.

They are next, themselves polarized and "elongated" by the

application of an electrical potential to the extent that covalent

bonding of the water molecule is so weakened that the atoms

dissociate and the molecule breaks down into hydrogen and oxygen

elemental components.

Engineering design parameters based on known theoretical principles

of electrical circuits determine the incremental levels of

electrical and wave energy input required to produce resonance in

the system whereby the fuel gas comprised of a mixture of hydrogen,

oxygen, and other gases such as air test were formerly dissolved

within the water, is produced.

Page 2

TABLE 1

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Process Steps:

The sequence of the relative state of the water molecule

and/or hydrogen/oxygen/other atoms:

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A. (ambient state) random

B. Alignment of polar fields

C. Polarization of molecule

D. Molecular elongation

E. Atom liberation by breakdown of covalent bond

F. Release of gases

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In the process, the point of optimum gas release is reached at a

circuit resonance. Water in the fuel cell is subjected to a

pulsating, polar electric field produced by the electrical circuit

whereby the water molecules are distended by reason of their

subjection to electrical polar forces of the capacitor plates.

The polar pulsating frequency applied is such that the pulsating

electric field induces a resonance in the molecule. A cascade effect

occurs and the overall energy level of specific water molecules is

increased in cascading, incremental steps.

The hydrogen and oxygen atomic gases, and other gas components

formerly entrapped as dissolved gases in water, are released when

the resonant energy exceeds the co-valent bonding force of the water

molecule. A preferred construction material for the capacitor plates

is stainless steel T-304 which is non-chemical reactive with water,

hydrogen, or oxygen.

An electrically conductive material which is inert in the fluid

environment is a desirable material of construction for the

electrical field plates of the "water capacitor" employed in the

circuit.

Once triggered, the gas output is controllable by the attenuation of

operational parameters. Thus, once the frequency of resonance is

identified, by varying the applied pulse voltage to the water fuel

cell assembly, gas output is varied.

By varying the pulse shape and/or amplitude or pulse train sequence

of the initial pulsing wave source, final gas output is varied.

Attenuation of the voltage field frequency in the form of OFF and ON

pulses likewise affects output.

The overall apparatus thus includes an electrical circuit in which a

water capacitor having a known dielectric property is an element.

The fuel gases are obtained from the water by the disassociation of

the water molecule. The water molecules are split into component

atomic elements (hydrogen and oxygen gases) by a voltage stimulation

process called the electrical polarization process which also

releases dissolved gases entrapped in the water.

From the outline of physical phenomena associated with the process

described in Table 1, the theoretical basis of the invention

Page 3

considers the respective states of molecules and gases and ions

derived from liquid water. Before voltage stimulation, water

molecules are randomly dispersed throughout water in a container.

When a unipolar voltage pulse train such as shown in FIGS. 3B

through 3F is applied to positive and negative capacitor plates, an

increasing voltage potential is induced in the molecules in a

linear, step like charging effect.

The electrical field of the particles within a volume of water

including the electrical field plates increases from a low energy

state to a high energy state successively is a step manner following

each pulse-train as illustrated figuratively in the depictions of

FIG. 3A through 3F.

The increasing voltage potential is always positive in direct

relationship to negative ground potential during each pulse. The

voltage polarity on the plates which create the voltage fields

remains constant although the voltage charge increases. Positive and

negative voltage "zones" are thus formed simultaneously in the

electrical field of the capacitor plates.

In the first stage of the process described in Table 1, because the

water molecule naturally exhibits opposite electrical fields in a

relatively polar configuration (the two hydrogen atoms are

positively electrically charged relative to the negative

electrically charged oxygen atom), the voltage pulse causes

initially randomly oriented water molecules in the liquid state to

spin and orient themselves with reference to positive and negative

poles of the voltage fields applied.

The positive electrically charged hydrogen atoms of said water

molecule are attracted to a negative voltage field; while, at the

same time, the negative electrically charged oxygen atoms of the

same water molecule are attracted to a positive voltage field.

Even a slight potential difference applied to inert, conductive

plates of a containment chamber which forms a capacitor will

initiate polar atomic orientation within the water molecule based on

polarity differences.

When the potential difference applied causes the orientated water

molecules to align themselves between the conductive plates, pulsing

causes the voltage field intensity to be increased in accordance

with FIG. 3B. As further molecule alignment occurs, molecular

movement is hindered.

Because the positively charged hydrogen atoms of said aligned

molecules are attracted in a direction opposite to the negatively

charged oxygen atoms, a polar charge alignment or distribution

occurs within the molecules between said voltage zones, as shown in

FIG. 3B. And as the energy level of the atoms subjected to resonant

pulsing increases, the stationary water molecules become elongated

as shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D. Electrically charged nuclei and

electrons are attracted toward opposite electrically charged

equilibrium of the water molecule.

As the water molecule is further exposed to an increasing potential

difference resulting from the step charging of the capacitor, the

Page 4

electrical force of attraction of the atoms within the molecule to

the capacitor plates of the chamber also increase in strength. As a

result, the co-valent bonding between which form the molecule is

weakened - and ultimately terminated. The negatively charged

electron is attracted toward the positively charged hydrogen atoms,

while at the same time, the negatively charged oxygen atoms repel

electrons.

In a more specific explanation of the "sub-atomic" action the occurs

in the water fuel cell, it is known that natural water is a liquid

which has a dielectric constant of 78.54 at 20 degrees C. and 1 atm

pressure. [Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 68th ed., CRC

Press(Boca Raton, Florida (1987-88)), Section E-50. H20(water)].

When a volume of water is isolated and electrically conductive

plates, that are chemically inert in water and are separated by a

distance, are immersed in water, a capacitor is formed, having a

capacitance determined by the surface area of the plates, the

distance of their separation and the dielectric constant of water.

When water molecules are exposed to voltage at a restricted current,

water takes on an electrical charge. By the laws of electrical

attraction, molecules align according to positive and negative

polarity fields of the molecule and the alignment field . The plates

of the capacitor constitute such as alignment field when a voltage

is applied.

When a charge is applied to a capacitor, the electrical charge of

the capacitor equals the applied voltage charge; in a water

capacitor, the dielectric property of water resists the flow of amps

in the circuit, and the water molecule itself, because it has

polarity fields formed by the relationship of hydrogen and oxygen in

the co-valent bond, and intrinsic dielectric property, becomes part

of the electrical circuit, analogues to a "mircocapacitor" within

the capacitor defined by the plates.

In the Example of a fuel cell circuit of FIG. 1, a water capacitor

is included. The step-up coil is formed on a conventional torroidal

core formed of a compressed ferromagnetic powered material that will

not itself become permanently magnetized, such as the trademarked

"Ferramic 06# "Permag" powder as described in Siemens Ferrites

Catalog, CG-2000-002-121, (Cleveland, Ohio) No. F626-1205". The

core is 1.50 inch in diameter and 0.25 inch in thickness. A primary

coil of 200 turns of 24 gauge coppe r wire is provided and coil of

600 turns of 36 gauge wire comprises the secondary winding.

In the circuit of FIG 1, the diode is a 1N1198 diode which acts as a

blocking diode and an electric switch that allows voltage flow in

one direction only. Thus, the capacitor is never subjected to a

pulse of reverse polarity.

The primary coil of the torroid is subject to a 50% duty cycle

pulse. The torroidal pulsing coil provides a voltage step-up from

the pulse generator in excess of five times, although the relative

amount of step-up is determined by pre-selected criteria for a

particular application. As the stepped-up pulse enters first

inductor (formed from 100 turns of 24 gauge wire 1 inch in

diameter), an electromagnetic field is formed around the inductor,

voltage is switched off when the pulse ends, and the field collapses

Page 5

and produces another pulse of the same polarity; i.e., another

positive pulse is formed where the 50% duty cycle was terminated.

Thus, a double pulse frequency is produced; however, in pulse train

of unipolar pulses, there is a brief time when pulses are not

present.

By being so subjected to electrical pulses in the circuit of FIG. 1,

water confined in the volume that includes the capacitor plates

takes on an electrical charge that is increased by a step charging

phenomenon occurring in the water capacitor. Voltage continually

increases (to about 1000 volts and more) and the water molecules

starts to elongate.

The pulse train is then switched off; the voltage across the water

capacitor drops to the amount of the charge that the water molecules

have taken on i.e. voltage is maintained across the charged

capacitor. The pulse train is the reapplied.

Because a voltage potential applied to a capacitor can perform work,

the higher the voltage the higher the voltage potential, the more

work us performed by a given capacitor. In an optimum capacitor that

is wholly non-conductive, zero (0) current flow will occur across

the capacitor.

Thus, in view of an idealized capacitor circuit, the object of the

water capacitor circuit is to prevent electron flow through the

circuit, i.e. such as occurs by electron flow or leakage through a

resistive element that produces heat.

Electrical leakage in the water will occur, however, because of some

residual conductivity and impurities or ions that may be otherwise

present in the water. Thus, the water capacitor is preferably

chemically inert. An electrolyte is not added to the water.

In the isolated water bath, the water molecule takes on charge, and

the charge increases. The object of the process is to switch off the

co-valent bonding of the water molecule and interrupt the sub-atomic

force, i.e. the electrical force or electromagnetic force, that

binds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms to form a molecule so that the

hydrogen and oxygen separate.

Because an electron will only occupy a certain electron shell

(shells are well known) the voltage applied to the capacitor affects

the electrical forces inherent in the co-valent bond. As a result of

the charge applied by the plates, the applied force becomes greater

than the force of the co-valent bonds between the atom of the water

molecule; and the water molecule becomes elongated. When this

happens, the time share ratio of the electron shells is modified.

In the process, electrons are extracted from the water bath;

electrons are not consumed nor are electrons introduced into the

water bath by the circuit as electrons are conventionally introduced

in as electrolysis process. There may nevertheless occur a leakage

current through the water.

Those hydrogen atoms missing electrons become neutralized; atoms are

liberated from the water. The charged atoms and electrons are

attracted to the opposite polarity voltage zones created between the

capacitor plates. The electrons formerly shared by atoms in the

Page 6

water co-valent bond are reallocated such that neutral elemental

gases are liberated.

In the process, the electrical resonance may be reached at all

levels of voltage potential. The overall circuit is characterized as

a "resonant charging choke" circuit which is an inductor in series

with a capacitor that produces a resonant circuit. [SAMS Modern

Dictionary of Electronics, Rudolf Garff, copy right 1984, Howard W.

Sams & Co. (Indianapolis, Ind.), page 859.]

Such a resonant charging choke is on each side of the capacitor. In

the circuit, the diode acts as a switch that allows the magnetic

field produced in the inductor to collapse, thereby doubling the

pulse frequency and preventing the capacitor from discharging. In

this manner a continuous voltage is produced across the capacitor

plates in the water bath; and the capacitor does not discharge. The

water molecules are thus subjected to a continuously charged field

until the breakdown of the co-valent bond occurs.

As noted initially, the capacitance depends on the dielectric

properties of the water and the size and separation of the

conductive elements forming the water capacitor.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

EXAMPLE 1

In an example of the circuit of FIG. 1 (in which other circuit

element specifications are provided above), two concentric cylinders

4 inches long formed the water capacitor of the fuel cell in the

volume of water. The outside cylinder was .75 inch in outside

diameter; the inner cylinder was 0.5 inch in outside diameter.

Spacing from the outside of the inner cylinder to the inner surface

of the outside cylinder was 0.0625 inch. Resonance in the circuit

was achieved at a 26 volt applied pulse to the primary coil of the

torroid at 0KHz, and the water molecules disassociated into

elemental hydrogen and oxygen and the gas released from the fuel

cell comprised a mixture of hydrogen, oxygen from the water

molecule, and gases formerly dissolved in the water such as the

atmospheric gases or oxygen, nitrogen, and argon.

In achieving resonance in any circuit, as the pulse frequency is

adjusted, the flow of amps is minimized and the voltage is maximized

to a peak. Calculation of the resonance frequency of an overall

circuit is determined by known means; different cavities have a

different frequency of resonance dependant on parameters of the

water dielectric, plate size, configuration and distance, circuit

inductors, and the like. Control of the production of fuel gas is

determined by variation of the period of time between a train of

pulses, pulse amplitude and capacitor plate size and configuration,

with corresponding value adjustments to other circuit components.

The wiper arm on the second conductor tunes the circuit and

accommodates to contaminants in water so that the charge is always

applied to the capacitor. The voltage applied determines the rate of

breakdown of the molecule into its atomic components. As water in

the cell is consumed, it is replaced by any appropriate means or

control system.

Page 7

Variations of the process and apparatus may be evident to those

skilled in the art.

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What is claimed is:

1. A method of obtaining the release of a gas mixture including

hydrogen and oxygen and other dissolved gases formerly

entrapped in water, from water, consisting of:

(A) providing a capacitor in which water is included as a

dielectric between capacitor plates, in a resonant

charging choke circuit that includes an inductance in

series with the capacitor;

(B) subjecting the capacitor to a pulsating, uinpolar electric

charging voltage in which the polarity does not pass

beyond an arbitrary ground, whereby the water molecules

within the capacitor plates;

pulsating electric field resulting from the subjection of

the capacitor to the charging voltage such that the

pulsating electric field induces a resonance within the

water molecules;

(D) continuing the application of the pulsating charging

voltage to the capacitor after the resonance occurs so

that the energy level within the molecules is increased in

cascading incremental steps in proportion to the number of

pulses;

(E) maintaining the charge of said capacitor during the

application of the pulsating charge voltage, whereby the

co-valent electrical bonding of the hydrogen and oxygen

atoms within said molecules is destabilized, such that the

force of the electrical field applied to the molecules

exceeds the bonding force within the molecules, and the

hydrogen and oxygen atoms are liberated from the molecules

as elemental gases.

2. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of

collecting said liberated gases and any other gases that were

formerly dissolved within the water and discharging said

collected gases as a fuel gas mixture.

*** END OF PATENT TEXT ***

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Note:

1N1198 Diode is also a NTE 5995 or a ECG 5994. It is a 40A 600 PIV

Diode (the 40A is over kill and may not be needed).

Stainless Steel "T304" is a type of weldable Stainless, but other

types should work the same. "T304" is just the more common type of

Stainless tubing available.

The outer tube figures out to be 3/4" 16 gauge (.060 "wall") tube (a

common size) cut to 4 inch length.

Page 8

The inner tube figure out to be 1/2" 18 gauge (.049 "wall", this is

a common size for this tube, but the actual gauge cannot be figured

from this patent documentation, but this size should work) cut to 4

inch length.

You should also attach the two leads to the Stainless, using

Stainless solid rod (1/6 dia would do) and USE LEAD FREE SOLDER !

(you may want the purified water that is returned to drink some

day).

You also need to figure out a way to keep the two tubes separated

from each other. This could be done with small pieces of plastic.

They cannot block the flow of water into/out of the tubes.

It was not indicated if the inner tube is full of water or not. The

guess here is that it is full of water, and this doesn't effect the

device at all.

The Patent doesn't say but I would think that insulating the leads

with some type of tubing up to the tubes would be electrically

correct (and probably wouldn't hurt).

The pulse frequency was not printed, it is estimated from the size

of the coils and transformer that the frequency doesn't exceed 50

Mhz. Don't depend on this being fact, it's just a educated guess.

The circuit to do this is not shown, just empty boxes. It's time to

get out your SCOPE and try things !

Don't forget to share your results with others ! GREED is why this

type of thing never gets out into the world to do some GOOD.

If you want to make some money, make something PRACTICAL that WORKS

and that PEOPLE can use in their every day lives, then sell it!

Holding onto information like this only hurts ALL OF US !!

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If you have comments or other information relating to such topics

as this paper covers, please upload to KeelyNet or send to the

Vangard Sciences address as listed on the first page.

Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.

Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson

Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet

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If we can be of service, you may contact

Jerry at (214) 324-8741 or Ron at (214) 242-9346

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Page 9

Best regards, Stefan Hartmann,c/o Workshop for

Decentral Energy Research

email to: leo@zelator.in-berlin.de

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Production of Hydrogen with little energy!

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