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Article: 719 of alt.alien.visitors
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From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,alt.paranormal,misc.headlines,misc.misc
Subject: INFO:FOIA files on UFO's Part 2
Keywords: follow-ups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991May22.020056.13559@bilver.uucp>
Date: 22 May 91 02:00:56 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
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---Part 2 continued-----
FOIA # 10
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1975 MALMSTROM AFB, MT.
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24th NORAD Region Senior Director's Log (malmstrom AFB, Montana).
10 NOV 75 (1125Z) - UFO sighting reported by Minot Air Force Station, a
bright star-like object in the west, moving east, about the size of a car.
First seen approximately 1015Z. Approximately 1120Z, the object passed
over the radar station, 1,000 feet to 2,000 feet high, no noise heard.
Three people from the site or local area saw the object. NCOC notified.
2. HQ USAF/DADF also forwarded a copy of a NORAD document for a review
for possible downgrade and release. We have determined the document is
properly and currently classified and is exempt from disclosure under
public law 90-23, 5 USC 552b(1).
3. The decision to withhold release of this document may be appealed in
writing to the Secretary of the Air Force within 45 days from the date of
this letter. If you appeal, include any reasons for reconsideration you
wish to present and attach a copy of this letter. Address your letter as
follows: Secretary of the Air Force, thru HQ ADCOM/DAD, Peterson AFB CO
80914.
TERRENCE C. JAMES, COLONEL, USAF
Director of Administration CY to: HQ USAF/DAD
HQ USAF/JACL
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FOIA # 11
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1980 KIRTLAND AFB, NM
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COMPLAINT FORM
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA
TITLE DATE TIME
--------------- ------
KIRTLAND AFB, NM, 8 Aug - 3 Sep 2 - 9 Sept 80 1200
80 Alleged Sighting of
Unidentified Aerial Lights in
Restricted Test Range. PLACE
---------------------------------------
AFOSI Det 1700, Kirtland AFB, NM
NOW RECEIVED
Yes in person
SOURCE OF EVALUATION
Major Ernest E. Edwards
RESIDENCE OR BUSINESS ADDRESS PHONE
Commander, 1608 SPS, Manzano 4-7516
Kirtland AFB, NM
CR 44 APPLIES
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REMARKS SUMMARY OF INFORMATION
1. On 2 Sept 80, SOURCE related on 8 Aug 80, three Security Policemen
assigned to 1608 SPS, KAFB, NM, on duty inside the Manzano Weapons Storage
Area sighted an unidentified light in the air that traveled from North to
South over the Coyote Canyon area of the Department of Defense Restricted
Test Range on KAFB, NM. The Security Policemen identified as: SSGT
STEPHEN FERENZ, Area Supervisor, ATC MARTIN W. RIST and AMN ANTHONY D.
FRAZIER, were later interviewed separately by SOURCE and all three
related the same statement; at approximately 2350 hrs., while on duty in
Charlie Sector, East Side of Manzano, the three observed a very bright
light in the sky approximately 3 miles North-North East of their position.
The light traveled with great speed and stopped suddenly in the sky over
Coyote Canyon. The three first thought the object was a helicopter,
however, after observing the strange aerial maneuvers (stop and go), they
felt a helicopter couldn't have performed such skills. The light landed
in the Coyote Canyon area. Sometime later, three witnessed the light take
off and leave proceeding straight up at a high speed and disappear.
2. Central Security Control (CSC) inside Manzano, contacted Sandia
Security, who conducts frequent building checks on two alarmed structures
in area. They advised that a patrol was already in the area and would
investigate.
3. On 11 Aug 80, RUSS CURTIS, Sandia Security, advised that on 9 Aug
80, a Sandia Security Guard, (who wishes his name not be divulged for fear
of harassment), related the following: At approximately 0020 hrs., he was
driving east on the Coyote Canyon access road on a routine building check
of an alarmed structure. As he approached the structure he observed a
bright light near the ground behind the structure. He also observed an
object he first thought was a helicopter. But after driving closer, he
observed a round disk shaped object. He attempted to radio for backup
patrol but his radio would not work. As he approached the object on foot
armed with a shotgun, the object took off in a vertical direction at a
high rate of speed. The guard was a former helicopter mechanic in the
U.S. Army and stated the object he observed was not a helicopter.
4. SOURCE advised on 22 Aug 80, three other security policemen observed
the same aerial phenomena described by the first three. Again the object
landed in Coyote Canyon. They did not see the object take off.
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FOIA # 12
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1980 KIRTLAND AFB, NM.
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CONTINUED FROM COMPLAL FORM 1, DTD 9 Sept 80
5. Coyote Canyon is part of a large restricted test range used by the Air
Force Weapons Laboratory, Sandia Laboratories, Defense Nuclear Agency and
the Department of Energy. The range was formerly patrolled by Sandia
Security, however, they only conduct building checks there now.
6. On 10 Aug 80, a New Mexico State Patrolman sighted an aerial object
land in the Manzano's between Belen and Albuquerque, NM. The Patrolman
reported the sighting to the Kirtland AFB Command Post, who later referred
the patrolman to the AFOSI Dist 17. AFOSI Dist 17 advised the patrolman
to make a report through his own agency. On 11 Aug 80, the Kirtland
Public Information office advised the patrolman the USAF no longer
investigates such sighting unless they occur on a USAF base.
7. WRITER contacted all the agencies who utilized the test range and it
was learned no aerial tests are conducted in the Coyote Canyon area. Only
ground test are conducted.
8. On 8 Sept 80, WRITER learned from Sandia Security that another
Security guard observed a object land near an alarmed structure sometime
during the first week of August, but did not report it until just
recently for fear of harassment.
9. The two alarmed structures located within the area contain HQ CR 44
material.
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DATE FORWARDED HQ AFOSI
10 Aug 80 AFOSI FORM
----------------------------------------------------
DATE TYPE OR PRINTED NAME OF SPECIAL AGENT
Sept 80 Richard C Doty, SA
----------------------------------------------------
DISTRICT FILE NO
8017D93-0/29
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FOIA # 13
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1980 KIRTLAND AFB, NM
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COMPLAINT FORM
ADMINISTRATIVE DATA
DATE TIME
14 Aug 80 0730
KIRTLAND AFB, NM 13 Aug 80, Possible
Hostile Intelligence Intercept Incident, PLACE
Frequency Jamming. AFOSI District 17, BID,
KIRTLAND AFB, NM
SOURCE AND EVALUATION
1960th Communication
Officer
RESIDENCE OR BUSINESS
ADDRESS
1960 COMMSq KAFB, NM
PHONE
4-5098
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REMARKS SUMMARY OF INFORMATION
1. On 13 Aug 80, 1960 COMMSq Maintenance Officer reported Radar Approach
Control equipment and scanner radar inoperative due to high frequency
jamming from an unknown cause. Total blackout of entire radar approach
system to include Albuquerque Airport was in effect between 1630-2215 hrs.
Radar Approach Control back up system also were inoperative.
2. On 13 Aug 80, Defense Nuclear Agency Radio Frequency Monitors
determined, by vector analysis, the interference was being sent from an
area (V-90 degrees or due East). On DAF map coordinates E-28.6. The area
was located NW of Coyote Canyon Test area. It was first thought that
Sandia Laboratory, which utilizes the test range was responsible.
However, after a careful check, it was later determined that no test were
being conducted in the canyon area. Department of Energy, Air Force
Weapons Laboratory and DNA were contacted but assured that their agencies
were not responsible.
3. On 13 Aug 80, Base Security Police conducted a physical check of the
area but because of the mountainous terrain, a thorough check could not be
completed at that time. A later foot search failed to disclose anything
that could have caused the interference.
4. On 13 Aug 80, at 2216 hrs., all radar equipment returned to normal
operation without further incident.
5. CONCLUSION: The presence of hostile intelligence jamming cannot be
ruled out. Although no evidence would suggest this, the method has been
used in the past. Communication maintenance specialists cannot explain
how such interference could cause the radar equipment to become totally
inoperative. Neither could they suggest the type or range of the
interference signal. DNA frequency monitors reporeted the interference
beam was wide spread and a type unknown to their electronical equipment.
Further checks of the area was being conducted by Technical Services,
AFOSI.
6. High command interest item. Briefings requested IAW AFOSIR 124-4 be
completed at HQ AFOSI/IVOE. HQ CR 44 and 51 items.
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FOIA # 14
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1980 PROJ. AQUARIUS DOC.
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SECRET
17 NOV 1980
RTTEZYVW RUFLOJA9136
ZNY S E C R E T
GT
SECRET FOR AFOSI ONLY
R 171130Z NOV 80
FM HQ AFOSI BOLLING AFB DC//IVOE
TO RUWTFBA AFOSI DIST 17 KIRTLAND AFB NM//BID
INFO 7602 AINTELG FT BELVOIR VA//INSR
SECRET FOR AFOSI ONLY
Ref: Request for Photo Imagery Interpretation Your MSG 292030Z Oct 80.
Subject Case NR: 8017D93-126 HQ CR 44
1. Subject Negatives/Film were analyzed by HQ IVT and 7602 AINTELG, it
and the following results were found:
A. Negative #1: Deplicting C-5A aircraft on approach and streaking
unidentified aerial object in lower right portion of film. Film found to
be unaltered. Size differential was not consistent with size of aircraft.
Conclusion: Inconclusive
B. Negative #2: Deplicting cylinder shaped unidentified aerial object in
upper left portion of photo. Film found to be unaltered. Film showed
object to be consistent with field depth and consistent with relative size
of fixed objects. Conclusion: Legitimate negative of unidentified aerial
object. Bolton/Reinfeld method did not reveal visible markings on object.
C. Negative #3: Deplicting irregular shaped unidentified aerial object
in seven frames of 8MM film. Because of the size and apparent speed of
object no further classification or conclusion could be drawn. Film shown
to be unaltered.
D. 34 inches of 8MM film: Deplicting apparent colored object moving in
front of still camera. Film found to be unaltered. Spectrography
revealed colors to be basic prism features. Depth analysis revealed
object to be within 152MM of camera. Object was not consistent with
relative size of fixed objects observed for several seconds in film.
Conclusion: inconclusive.
E. Original Negative Deplicting Unidentified Object: Film found to be
unaltered. Because of a lack of fixed objects in the film, no depth
analysis could be performed. Bolton, Reinfeld method revealed object to
be saucer shaped, approximate diameter 37 feet. Object contained a
trilateral insignia on the lower portion of object. Conclusion:
Legitimate negative of unidentified aerial object.
2. Ref your request for further information regarding HQ CR 44, the
following is provided: Capt. Grace 7602 Aintelg, INS contacted and
related following: (S/WINTEL) USAF no longer publicly active in UFO
research, however USAF still has interest in all UFO sightings over USAF
installation/test ranges. Several other government agencies, lead by
NASA, actively investigates legitimate sightings through covert cover.
(S/WINTEL/FSA) One such cover is UFO Reporting Center, US Coast and
Geodetic Survey, Rockville, MD 20852. NASA filters results of sightings
to appropriate military departments with interest in that particular
sighting. The official US Government Policy and results of project
Aquarius is still classified top secret with no dissemination outside
official intelligence channels and with restricted access to "MJ
Twelve". Case on Bennewitz is being monitored by NASA, INS, who
request all future evidence be forwarded to them thru AFOSI, IVOE.
4. Ref your request for technical assistance. Because of a chance of
public disclosure, no knowledgeable personnel with SPA will be provided.
Continue to receive assistance from individuals mentioned in your
message, Miller, fugate. Because of the sensitivity of case, request
they be thoroughly debriefed at regualr intervals.
BTS
NNNS
DOWNGRADE 17NOV2020
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FOIA # 15
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1986 NSA REPLY AQUARIUS
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NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY
CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE
Fort George G. Meade, Maryland 20755-6000
Serial: J9014C
15 APR 1986
This responds to your letter of 7 March 1986 in which you further
narrowed your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request for records
pertaining to Project Aquarius.
The document located in response to your request as stated in your
7 March letter has been reviewed by this Agency as required by the FOIA
and has been found to be currently and properly classified in accordance
with Executive Order 12356. This document meets the criteria for
classification as set forth in subparagraphs 2, 4, and 8 of section 1.3
and remains classified TOP SECRET as provided in section 1.1 of Executive
Order 12356. The document is classified because its disclosure could
reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national
security. Because the document is currently and properly classified, it
is exempt from disclosure pursuant to the first exemption of the FOIA
(5 U.S.C. section 552(b) (1)).
In addition, this Agency is authorized by various statues to protect
certain information concerning its activities. We have determined that
such information exists in this document. Accordingly, those portions are
also exempt from disclosure pursuant to the third exemption of the FOIA
which provides for the withholding of information specifically protected
from disclosure by statute. The specific statutes applicable in this case
are Title 18 U.S. Code 798; Title 50 U.S. Code 403(d) (3); and Section 6,
Public Law 86-36 (50 U.S. Code 402 "note").
No portion of the information is reasonably segregable.
Since your request has been denied, you are hereby advised of this
Agency's appeal procedures.
Any person denied access to information may, within 45 days after
notification of the denial, file an appeal to the NSA/CSS Freedom of
Information Act Appeal Authority. The appeal shall be in writing
addressed to the NSA/CSS FOIA Appeal Authority, National Security Agency,
Fort George G. Meade, MD 20755-6000. The appeal shall reference the
initial denial of access and shall contain, in sufficient detail and
particularity, the grounds upon which the requester believes release of
the information is required. The NSA/CSS Appeal Authority shall respond
to the appeal within 20 working days after receipt.
In your letter, you take exception to the amount requested by this
Agency for manpower and computer search fees to process your original
request for all information on Project Aquarius. Please be advised that
NSA search and duplication fees are computed in accordance with guidance
promulgated in sections 6-201 and 6-202 of Dod Directive 5400.7-R
Sincerely,
JULIA B. WETZEL
Director of Policy
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FOIA # 16
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1983 P.L. CLARKE MEMO
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Mr. Peter L. Clarke 5 December 1983
KOB Television
4 Broadcast Plaza SW
PO Box 1351
Albuquerque NM 87103
Dear Mr. Clarke
This is in reference to your Freedom of Information Act request of 18
November 1983 requesting access to information regarding photographs taken
by Paul Bennewitz in 1980 near Kirtland AFB.
The only information we have in our files regarding this incident is a
copy of a message, originator unknown, which apparently was placed in
circulation in at least three cities in the U.S. This message discusses
analysis of UFO photographs, and, while it does not mention who the
photographer was, it does mention the name Bennewitz. The purported
originator, the Air Force Office of Special Investigations, has reviewed
the message and confirmed that it is a hoax. While the Air Force
Intelligence Service is listed as a recipient of the message, we have no
record of ever receiving it from AFOSI. The copy which we have in our
files was forwarded to us by the organization Citizens Against UFO
Secrecy.
We are attaching a copy of the document as we received it. We have,
however, removed the bogus security markings so as not to alarm any
recipients. We are also attaching other documents created by this agency
as a result of the bogus message. These documents have previously been
released to the public through the Freedom of Information Act.
For your further information, this agency collected information on UFO
sightings for a few years. However, our interest in this topic was
discontinued in the mid-1970's and our UFO records were transferred to
the General Services Administration for inclusion in Project Blue Book.
These records are available for public inspection through the National
Archives and Records Service, Modern Military Branch, 8th and
Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington DC 20408.
Sincerely 3 Atch
1-3. Docs on UFO Incident
SUSAN COOKSEY
Freedom of Information Manager
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FOIA # 17
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1983 UNAUTHORIZED RELEASE
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DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
Headquarters Air Force Intelligence Service
Fort Belvor Virginia 22060
DAD 25 January 1983
Possible Unauthorized Release of Classified Material
INSA (MSgt Heldman)
DA
1. Per our telephone conversation today, I am forwarding Mr Robert
Todd's FOIA request along with the AFOSI message for determination as to
classification level. As you can see, Mr Todd retyped the message "for
easier reading." I have talked to AFOSI/DADF, Nadine Dulacki. According
to her, they did not release the message to Mr Todd nor does she know how
it came into his possession. Maj Kilikauskas (AFSAC/INOB, 664-4488) has
looked at the message and he feels that it is a fake for several reasons:
a. There never has been an office within AFSAC (or 7602nd) with the
symbol INS, INSR, or IT.
b. There has never been a "Capt Grace" (or anyone with the surname
Grace) assigned to AFSAC.
c. The purported imagery interpretation done is outside AFSAC's and
AFOSI's mission. Further, AFSAC has no individuals who are photo
interpreters.
d. The term WNINTEL is spelled phonetically on each occurrence. OSI
should certainly be familiar with the correct spelling. Further, the
document is replete with grammatical errors, typing errors, and in
general, makes no sense.
e. The document is not in the standard, accepted format for
classified messages.
Neither Maj Kilikauskas nor Mr Nehlig (who has worked in AFSAC many
years) remember hearing of a "Project Aquarius." Further, Maj
Kilikauskas had no idea if the information purported supplied by this
Capt Grace is, in fact, classified at the Secret/WNINTEL level. He
suggests that both NASA and Coast and Geodetic Survey be contacted to
see if they have an interest in the message.
2. Finally, I have talked to Mr Earl Middaugh (AFOSI/IVOE, 767-5144).
He remembers a FOIA request that his office staffed which involved an
AFOSI message similar to this one. However, they were unable to identify
it as OSI originated. He thinks perhaps this might be the same message.
I have forwarded a copy of the Todd request to the AFOSI Freedom of
Information Office (Bob Walker, 767-5262). Upon receipt both Mr Walker
and Mr Middaugh will be better able to determine if this is a legitimate
AFOSI document.
3. Until a determination is made, we ill regard the document as
classified.
SUSAN COOKSEY 2 Atch
Documentation Management Branch 1. Todd Request
2. Message, 2 cys (S/WNINTEL)
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FOIA # 18
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1986 NSA PROJ. AQUARIUS
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NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY
CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE
Fort George G. Meade, Maryland 20755-6000
Mr. _____________________ Serial: J9014A
_________________________
_________________________ 20 FEB 1986
Dear Mr. ________________
This is in response to your Freedom of Information Act request of 8
January 1986 in which you request information on a group referred to as
MJ12 or "Majestic 12" and Projects Sigma, Snowbird and Aquarius.
Please be advised that Sigma and Snowbird are not projects of this
Agency, so we would have no records responsive to that portion of your
request. In addition, no records were located relating to M12 or
"Majestic 12."
An initial survey of materials responsive to that portion of your
request dealing with Project Aquarius would result in search fees in
excess of $15,000 for manpower and computer costs. Our search would be
facilitated and the search fees may be less if you provide us with
additional information regarding the type of information in which you are
interested. This request for further specificity is in accordance with
DoD regulations governing the processing of FOIA requests.
Should you wish us to initiate a search for records responsive to
your request as stated inyour 8 January letter, please be advised that our
policy is to request advance payment of one-half the estimated cost, as
well as an agreement to pay the balance, prior to initiating the search.
Please be advised that your agreeing to incur these fees will not
necessarily result in the disclosure to you of any information. It has
been our experience, that any records responsive to your request, if such
records exist, most likely would be classified or otherwise exempt from
release in accordance with the exemption provisions of the Freedom of
Information Act. The application of these exemptions to NSA information
has been consistently approved by the Federal Judiciary.
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FOIA # 19
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1986 NSA PROJ. AQUARIUS
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NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY
CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE
Fort George G. Meade, Maryland 20755-6000
__________________________ Serial: J9014A
__________________________
__________________________ 03 MAR 1986
Dear Mr. _________________:
This is in response to your letter of 20 February 1986 in which you
stated that, regarding your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request for
information on Project Aquarius, you are interested in Aquarius as it
pertains to unidentified aerial objects. Please be advised that Project
Aquarius does not deal with unidentified aerial projects. We, therefore,
have no information to provide to you on the subject.
In your letter you also ask for information on Projects Sigma and
Snowbird. The FOIA provides that a person has a right of access to
federal agency records, except to the extent that such records are
protected from disclosure by one of nine exemptions. It does not require
that an agency answer questions. As I mentioned in my letter of 20
February, Sigma and Snowbird are not NSA projects; therefore, we have no
information to give you on these topics.
Since you indicate in your letter that you will not be paying the
$15,000.00 fee to search for records pertaining to Aquarius, this response
completes our action on your request.
Sincerely,
DENNIS C. CHADWICK
Chief
Information Policy
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Continued in Part 3
--
-* Don Allen *- InterNet: dona@bilver.UUCP // Amiga..for the rest of us.
USnail: 1818G Landing Dr, Sanford Fl 32771 \X/ Why use anything else? :^)
UUCP: ..uunet!tarpit!bilver!vicstoy!dona 0110 0110 0110 Just say NO!
Illuminati < MJ-12|Grudge|TLC|CFR|FED|EEC|Bush > WAR = "New World Order"
Article: 720 of alt.alien.visitors
Path: ns-mx!hobbes.physics.uiowa.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!cis.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!att!att!fang!tarpit!bilver!dona
From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.paranormal,alt.conspiracy,misc.headlines,misc.misc
Subject: INFO:FOIA files on UFO's Part 3
Keywords: Follow-ups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991May22.020316.13618@bilver.uucp>
Date: 22 May 91 02:03:16 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
Lines: 528
Xref: ns-mx alt.alien.visitors:720 alt.paranormal:1613 alt.conspiracy:5637 misc.headlines:16295 misc.misc:4406
---Part 3 continued-----
FOIA # 20
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 06-10-1986
Subject: 1986 ANSWER TO NSA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Dennis C. Chadwick 3-7-86
Chief, Information Policy
National Security Agency
Fort George G. Meade
Maryland 20755-6000
Dear Mr. Chadwick:
Thank you for your letter of 3 March 1986 and reply to my previous letter
on Project Aquarius. I understand from your letter that you intend to
abide strictly by the letter of the law in responses to FOIA requests. I
had not realized that this was the attitude of the NSA or I would not have
bothered you with questions in general. I have gotten the impression from
other sources that the NSA does not maintain a generally open attitude
toward the public, particularly where the subject of unidentified aerial
objects is involved, and while completely understand the need to restrict
some information what good is a country if its citizens are kept ignorant.
Personally I feel that assessing a $15,000 charge for information is
simply a convenient way to disuade requests.
Let me therefore rephrase my request as I would prefer to judge for myself
whether Aquarius has anything to do with my interests. Firstly, I do not
want to endanger this country or any of its intelligence gathering
sources. I am not a spy or a subversive, my father is a surgeon and Lt.
Colonel in the Air Force and I wouldn't want to harm his career.
Therefore I am requesting just a clean copy of the material NSA is
maintaining which describes what the goal of project Aquarius is. I am
not asking for all material you have but simply the initial forms, papers,
or letters, which initiated this project and those which outline its
purpose.
I cannot conceive that there should be anything but negligible costs to
photocopy these materials. This should be waived inasmuch as it should be
in the interest of the public to be aware of what their taxes are paying
for. But if NSA needs reimbursement of copying costs then please let me
know what the cost will be.
Sincerely,
Mr.______________________
_________________________
_________________________
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FOIA # 21
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-11-1986
Subject: 1980 RAF WOODBRIDGE
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUAILRS COMBAT SUPPORT GROUP (USAFC)
APO NEW YORK
REPLY TO: 13 JAN 81
CD
ATIN OF.
SUBJECT: Unexplained Lights
TO: RAF/CC
1. Early in the morning of 27 Dec 80 (approximately 0300L),two USAF
security police patrolmen saw unusual lights outside the back gate at
RAF Woodbridge. Thinking an aircraft might have crashed or been force
down, they call for permission to go outside the gate to investigate.
The on-duty flight chief reponded and allowed three patrolmen to pro-
ceed on foot.The individuals reported seeing a strange glowing object
in the forest.The object was described as being metalic in appearance
and triangular in shape, approximately two to three meters across the
base and approximately two meters high. It illuminated the entire fo-
rest with a white light. The object itself had a pulsing red light on
top and a bank(s) of blue lights underneath. The object was hovering
or on legs. As the patrolmen approached the object, it maneuvered th-
rough the trees and disappeared. At this time the animals on a nearby
farm went into a frenzy. The object was briefly sighted approximately
an hour later near the back gate.
2. The next day, three depressions 1 1/2" deep and 7" in diameter
were found where the object had been sighted on the ground. The foll-
owing night (29 Dec 80) the area was checked for radiation.Beta/Gamma
readings of 0.1 milliroentgens were recorded with peak reading in the
three depressions and near the center of the triangle formed by the
depressions. A nearby tree had moderate (.05-.07)readings on the side
of the tree toward the depressions.
3. Later in the night a red sun-like light was seen through the tree
. It moved about and pulsed. At one point it appeared to throw off
glowing particles and then broke into five separate white objects
and then disappeared. Immediately thereafter, three star-like objects
were noticed in the sky.Two objects to the north and one to the south
, all of which were about 10 degrees off the horizon. The objects
moved rapidly in sharp angular movements and displayed red, green and
blue lights. The objects to the north appeared to be elliptical thro-
ugh an 8-12 power lens. They then turned to full circles. The objects
to the north remained in the sky for an hour or more. The object to
the south was visible for two or three hours and beamed down a stream
of light from time to time. Numerous individuals, including the unde-
rsigned, witnessed the activities in paragraphs 2 and 3.
CHARLES I. HALT, Lt Col, USAF
Deputy Base Commander
FOIA # 22
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-12-1986
Subject: 1975 B.GOLDWATER,REQ-INFO
BARRY GOLDWATER Committees:
Arizona Aeronautical & Space Sci.
Armed Services
Preparedness Inv Subcommit
UNITED STATES SCNATE Tactical Air Power Subcomm
Washington D.C. 20510 N. S. Naval Petroleum
Reserves Subcommittee
March 28, 1975
Mr.Shlomo Arnon
U.C.L.A. Experimental College
308 Westwood Plaza
Los Angeles, California 90024
Dear Mr.Arnon:
The subject of UFOs is one that has interested me for some time.
About ten or twelve years ago I made an effort to find out what was
in the building at Wright Patterson Air Force Base where the information
is stored that has been collected by the Air Force, and I was
understandably denied this request.
It is still classified above Top Secret. I have, however, heard that
there is a plan under way to release some, if not all, of this material in
the near future. I'm just as anxious to see this material as you are, and
I hope we will not have to wait too much longer.
Sincerely.
Barry Goldwater
FOIA # 23
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-12-1986
Subject: 1981 GOLDWATER,LETTER # 2
BARRY GOLDWATER Cmmittees:
Intelligence Chairman
Armed Services
Tactical Warfare.Chair
UNITED STATES SENATE Preparedness
Washington D.C. 20510 Strategic Nuclear Force
Communications Chairman
October 19,1981 Aviation
Science Technology and
Space
Indian Affairs
Mr. Lee M. Grahan:
526 West Maple
Monrovia, California 91016
Dear Mr.Graham:
First, let me tell you that I have long ago give up acquiring access to
the so-called Blue Room at Wright-Patterson, as I have had one long
string of deials from chief after chief, so I have give up.
In answer to your questions, "one is essentially correct." I don't know
of anyone who has access to the "Blue Room," nor am I aware of its
contents and I am not aware of anything having been relocated. I can't
answer your question six, in fact, I can't find anyone who would answer
it.
To tell you the truth, Mr Graham, "this thing has gotten so highly
classified," ecen though I will admit there is a lot of it that has been
released, "it is just impossible to get anything on it."
I am returning your papers because I know they are of value to you.
Sincerely,
Barry Goldwater
FOIA # 24
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-12-1986
Subject: 1983 GOLDWATER,LETTER # 3
BARRY GOLDWATER Committees:
Intelligence Chairman
Armed Services
Tactical Warfare Chair
UNITED STATES SENATE Preparedness
Strategic Nuclear Forces
C. S. Transportation
June 20, 1983 Washington D.C. 20510 Communications Chairman
Aviation
Science Technology and
Space
Indian Affairs
Mr. William S. Steinman
15043 Rosalita Drive
La Mirada, California 90638
Dear Mr.Steinman:
To answer your questions, I have never gained access to the so-called
"Blue Room" at Wright Patterson, so I have no idea what is in it. I have
no idea of who controls the flow of "need-to-know" because, frankly, I
was told in such an emphatic way that it was none of my business that
I've never tried to made it my business since.
I wish you luck on your investigation. I'm one of those people who
believe that with some two billion planets scattered around our universe,
there has to be a couple of more that can subport life on it.
Sincerely,
Barry Goldwater
FOIA # 25
CUFON Computer UFO Network
From: UFO INFO SERVICE
Date Sent: 07-20-1986
Subject: 1942 MEMO FOR PRESIDENT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECRET
February 26, 1942.
OCS 21347-86
MENORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT:
The following is the information we have from GHQ
at this mement regarding the air alarm over Los Angeles of
yesterday morning:
"From details available at this hour:
1. Unidentified airplanes, other then American
Army or Navy planes, were probably over Los Angeles, and
were fired on by elements of the 37th CA Brigade ( AA )
between 3:12 and 4:15 AM. These units expended 1430
rounds of ammunition.
2. As many as fifteen airplanes may have
been involved, flying at various speeds from what is
officially reported as being very slow to as much
as 200 MPH and at elevations from 9000 to 18000 feet.
3. No bombs were dropped.
4. No casualties among our troops.
5. No planes were shot down.
6. No American Army or Navy planes were in action.
Investigation continuing. It seems reasonable to conclude
that if unidentified airplanes were involved they may have
been from commercial sources, operated by enemy agents for
purposes of spreeding alarm, disclosing location of antiair-
craft positions, and slowing production through blackout.
Such conclusion is supported by varying speed of operation and
the fact that no bombs were dropped.
Gen. George C. Marshall
Chief Of Staff
FOIA # 26
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-21-1986
Subject: 1950 W.B. SMITH MEMO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP SECRET
CONFIDENTIAL
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT
INTRA-DEPARTMENTAL CORRESPONDENCE
OTTAWA, Ontario, November 21, 1950
----------------------------------
PLACE DATE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOUR FILE SUBJECT OUR FILE
Geo-Magnetics (R.ST.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
MEMORANDUM TO THE CONTROLLER OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS:
For the past several years we have been engaged in the study
of various aspects of radio wave propagation. The vagaries of this
phenomenon have led us into the fields of aurora, cosmis radiation,
atmospheric radio-activity and geo-magnetism. In the case of
geo-magnetics our investigations have contributed little to our knowledge
of radio wave propagation as yet, but nevertheless have indicated several
avenues of investigation which may well be explored with profit. For
example, we are on the track of a means whereby the potential energy of
the earth's magnetic field may be abstracted and used.
On the basis of theoretical considerations a small and very
crude experimental unit was constructed approximately a year ago and
tested in our Standards Laboratory. The tests were essentially successful
in that sufficient energy was abstracted from the earth's field to operate
a voltmeter, approximately 50 milliwatts. Although this unit was far from
being self-sustaining, it nevertheless demonstrated the soundness of the
basic principles in a qualitative manner and provided useful data for the
design of a better unit.
The design has now been completed for a unit which should be
self-sustaining and in addition provide a small surplus of power. Such a
unit, in addition to functioning as a `pilot power plant' should be large
enough to permit the study of the various reaction forces which are
expected to develop.
We believe that we are on the track of something which may
well prove to be the introduction to a new technology. The existence of a
different technology is borne out by the investigations which are being
carried on at the present time in relation to flying saucers.
While in Washington attending the NARB Conference, two books
were released, one titled "Behind the Flying Saucer" by Frank Scully, and
the other "The Flying Saucers are Real" by Donald Keyhoe. Both books
dealt mostly with the sightings of unidentified objects and both books
claim that flying objects were of extra-terrestrial origin and might well
be space ships
...... 2
FOIA # 27
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-21-1986
Subject: 1950 W.B.SMITH MEMO #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page 2
from another planet. Scully claimed that the preliminary studies of one
saucer which fell into the hands of the United States Government indicated
that they operated on some hitherto unknown magnetic principles. It
appeared to me that our own work in geo-magnetics might well be the
linkage between our technology and the technology by which the saucers are
designed and operated. If it is assumed that our geo-magnetic
investigations are in the right direction, the theory of operation of the
saucers becomes quite straight forward, with all observed features
explained qualitatively and quantitatively.
I made discreet enquiries through the Canadian Embassy staff
in Washington who were able to obtain for me the following information:
a. The matter is the most highly classified subject in the United States
Government, rating higher even than the H-bomb.
b. Flying saucers exist.
c. Their modus operandi is unknown but concentrated effort is being made
by a small group headed by Doctor Vannevar Bush.
d. The entire matter is considered by the United States authorities to be
of tremendous significance.
I was further informed that the United States authorities are
investigating along quite a nubmer of lines which might possibly be
related to the saucers such as mental phenomena and I gather that they are
not doing too well since they indicated that if Canada is doing anything
at all in geo-magnetics they would welcome a discussion with suitably
accredited Canadians.
While I am not yet in a position to say that we have solved
even the first problems in geo-magnetic energy release, I feel that the
correlation between our basic theory and the available information on
saucers checks too closely to be more coincidence. It is my honest
opinion that we are on the right track and are fairly close to at least
some of the answers.
Mr. Wright, Defence Research Board liaison officer at the
Canadian Embassy in Washington, was extremely anxious for me to get in
touch with Doctor Solandt, Chairman of the Defence Research Board, to
discuss with him future investigations along the line geo-magnetic energy
release.
...... 3
FOIA # 28
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-21-1986
Subject: 1950 W.B.SMITH MEMO #3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page 3
I do not feel that we have as yet sufficient data to place before Defence
Research Board which would enable a program to be initiated within that
organization, but I do feel that further research is necessary and I
would prefer to see it done within the frame work of our own organization
with, of course, full co-operation and exchange of information with other
interested bodies.
I discussed this matter fully with Doctor Solandt, Chairman
of Defence Research Board, on November 20th and placed before him as much
information as I have been able to gather to date. Doctor Solandt agreed
that work on geo-magnetic energy should go forward as rapidly as possible
and offered full co-operation of his Board in providing laboratory
facilities, acquisition of necessary items of equipment, and specialized
personnel for incidental work in the project. I indicated to Doctor
Solandt that we would prefer to keep the project within the Department of
Transport for the time being until we have obtained sufficient information
to permit a complete assessment of the value of the work.
It is therefore recommended that a PROJECT be set up within
the frame work of this Section to study this problem and that the work be
carried on a part time basis until such time as sufficient tangible
results can be seen to warrant more definitive action. Cost of the
program in its initial stages are expected to be less than a few hundred
dollars and can be carried by our Radio Standards Lab appropriation.
Attached hereto is a draft of terms of reference for such a
project which, if authorized, will enable us to proceed with this
research work within our own organization.
(W.B. Smith)
Senior Radio Engineer
WBS/cc
FOIA # 29
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-26-1986
Subject: 1953 GEN.BURGESS 4602nd
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLASSIFIED PER EXECUTIVE ORDER 12356, Section 3.3, NND 841508
By WG Lewis NARS, Date Jan 29, 1985
CONFIDENTIAL
Brig. General W. M. Burgess 23 DEC 1953
Deputy for Intelligence
Air Defense Command
Ent Air Force Base
Colorado Springs, Colorado
Dear Woody:
In your new function in the Unidentified Flying
Object Program, it is our understanding that your
4602nd people will do the "leg work" so to speak, and
furnish ATIC with its findings. For those types that
cannot be identified by your Squadron, ATIC will handle
from an exploratory point of view.
Many times the publicity connected with this
program has been somewhat embarrassing, in that we are
dealing with a subject, parts of which, are not ex-
plainable, and the public feeling is that we are holding
back information they should know about.
Due to a policy letter General Samford wrote this
Directorate a while back, this office has assumed motor-
ship of releases to the public. I would like to quote
the last sentence of General Samford's letter as it
pertains to publicity:
"The Directorate of Intelligence, USAF,
will resist consistently any idea that
a releasable story can be developed
about any intelligence activity, pro-
cess, or experience."
As you realize, there is a 10-20% area of unexplainable
objects, in this program. Also, for this area, we believe
General Samford's statement above applies, in that it deals
in an intelligence process performed by ATIC. Therefore,
we would like to offer you guidance in the publicity angle
as it pertains to your activity.
CONFIDENTIAL
------------------------------------------------------------
Continued in Part 4
--
-* Don Allen *- InterNet: dona@bilver.UUCP // Amiga..for the rest of us.
USnail: 1818G Landing Dr, Sanford Fl 32771 \X/ Why use anything else? :^)
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Illuminati < MJ-12|Grudge|TLC|CFR|FED|EEC|Bush > WAR = "New World Order"
Article: 721 of alt.alien.visitors
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From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,alt.paranormal,misc.headlines,misc.misc
Subject: INFO:FOIA files on UFO's Part 4
Keywords: Follow-ups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991May22.020518.13677@bilver.uucp>
Date: 22 May 91 02:05:18 GMT
Organization: W. J. Vermillion - Winter Park, FL
Lines: 585
Xref: ns-mx alt.alien.visitors:721 alt.conspiracy:5638 alt.paranormal:1614 misc.headlines:16296 misc.misc:4407
---Part 4 continued-----
FOIA # 30
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-26-1986
Subject: 1953GEN.BURGESS 4602nd #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLASSIFIED PER EXECUTIVE ORDER 12356, Section 3.3, NND 841508
By WG Lewis NARS, Date Jan 29, 1985.
AFOIN-X/Lt Col Smith/tjc/71092
Wrtn 21 Dec 53
CONFIDENTIAL
We think it would be well for your 4602nd people
in the ZI, to discuss a particular sighting with the
public or press, anytime the object can be identified.
Meaning, if they can verify the object as a balloon,
aircraft, helicopter, etc., go ahead and inform interested
parties. However, for those times where the object is not
explainable, it would be well to advise your people to say
something on this order, "The information on this sighting
will be analyzed by the Air Technical Intelligence Center
at Dayton, Ohio", and leave it go at that. If your people
get into analyzing the 10-20% area to the public, every
news media across the country will pick up the story.
For your information, we have requested ATIC to sub-
mit to this office, a report that can be released to the
public. If you desire we could forward to your office a
copy of this report, that could be used by your agency,
for release purposes.
Sincerely yours,
1 Incl GEORGE E PERRY
Cy of RSR #1 Colonel, USAF
to ATIC dtd Directorate of Intelligence
21 Dec 53 fr D/I
P.S. I am informed this letter is somewhat pre-mature,
in that complete coordination has not effected on
the regulation that puts you in this business;
however, you might be able to use this in your pre-
planning.
OSAF-OP1 LT. R.C. WHITE
AFOIN-X AFOIN-X
Lt Col Smith Col Perry 2
CONFIDENTIAL
FOIA # 31
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-26-1986
Subject: 1973 HELICOPTER ENCOUNTER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISPOSITION FORM
AR 340-15: the proponent agency is The Adjutant General's Office.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Office Symbol ) Subject
)
) Near Midair Collision with UFO Report
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
To Commandor Flight Operations Off DATE 23 Nov 73 Cmt 1
83D USARCOM USAR Flight Facility
ATTN: AHRCCG Cleveland Hopkins Airport
Columbus Support Facility Cleveland, Ohio 44135
1. On 18 October 1973 at 2305 hours in the vicinity of Mansfield, Ohio,
Army Helicopter 68-15444 assigned to Cleveland USARFFAC encountered a near
midair collision with a unidentified flying object. Four crewmembers
assigned to the Cleveland USARFFAC for flying proficiency were on AFTP
status when this incident occurred. The flight crew assigned was CPT
Lawrence J. Coyne, Pilot in Command,1LT Arrigo Jozzi, Copilot, SSG Robert
Yanacsek, Crew Chief, SSG John Healey,Flight Medio,All the above personnel
are member of the 316th MED DET(HEL AMB). a tenant reserve unit of the
Cleveland USARFFAC.
2. The reported incident happened as follows: Army Helicopter 68-15444 was
returning from Columbus, Ohio to Cleveland, Ohio and at 2305 hours east,
south east of Mansfield Airport in the vicinity of Mansfield, Ohio while
flying at an altitude of 2500 feet and on a heading of 030 degrees, SSG
Yanacsek observed a red light on the east horizon,90 drgrees to the flight
path of the helicopter. Approximately 30 seconds later, SSG Yanacsek
indicated the object was converging on the helicopter at the same altitude
at a airspeed in excess of 600 knots and on a midair collision heading.
Cpt Coyne observed the converging object, took over the controls of the
aircraft and initiated a power descent from 2500 feet to 1700 feet to
avoid impact with the object. A radio call was initiated to Mansfield
Tower who acknowledged the helicopter and was asked by CPT Coyne if there
were any high performance aircraft flying in the vicinity of Mansfield
Airport however there was no response received from the tower. The crew
expected impact from the object instead, the object was observed to
hesistate momontarily over the helicopter and then slowly continued on a
westerly course accelerating at a high rate of speed, clear west of
Mansfield Airport then turn 45 degree heading to the Northwest.
Cpt Coyne indicated the altimeter read a 1000 fpm olimp and read 3500 feet
with the collective in the full down position. The aircraft was returned
to 2500 feet by CPT Coyne and flown back to Cleveland, Ohio. The flight
plan was closed and the FAA Flight Service Station notified of the
incident. The FSS told CPT Coyne to report the incident to the FAA GADO
office a Cleveland Hopkins Airport Mr. Porter, 83d USARCOM was notified of
the incident at 1530 hours on 19 Oct 73.
3. This report has been read and attested to by the crewmembers of the
aircraft with signatures acknowledgeing this report.
Lawrence J. Coyne Arrigo Jozzi
_______________________ _____________________
Robert Yanacsek John Healey
_______________________ ______________________
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DA FORM 2496
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOIA # 32
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-30-1986
Subject: 1976 IRAN INTERCEPT CASE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
56 UNCLASSIFIED
PRIORITY
OCT1 MSG654 PAGE 01 267 0813
ACTION: NONF-OR.
INFO:
ATCZY UW RUFK JCS 97 17 76-0810 MTMS-CCCC--RJFFHQA_.
NY CCCCC
P 2308107 SEP 76
FM JCS
INFO RUSHC/SECSTATE WASH DC
RUFAIIF/C I A
RUFOIAH/NSA WASH DC
RUFADWW/WHITE HOUSE WASH DC
RUFFHQA/CSAF WASH DC
RUFNAAA/CNO WASH DC
RUFADHD/CSA WASH DC
P 2306307 SEP 76
FM USOAO TEHRAN
TO RUFK.ICS/OIA WASH DC
INFO RUFKUCS/SECDEF DEPSECDEF WASH DC
RUFRBAA/COMIDFASTF OR
RUDOECA/CINCUSAFF LINDSEY AS GE/INCF
RHRAAB/CINCUSAFF RAMSTEIN AB GE/INOCN
RUSNAAA/FUDAC VAIHINGEN GER
RUSNAAA/UGCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GER/ECJ-2
RT
C O N F I D E N T I A L 1235 SEP76
THIS IS IR 6 846 0139 76
1. (U) IRAN
2. REPORTED UFO SIGHTING (U)
3. (U) NA
4. (U) 19 & 20 SEP 76
5. (U) TEHRAN. IRAN: 20 SEP 76
6. (U) F-6
7. (U) 6 846 008 (NOTE RO COMMENTS)
8. (U) 6 846 0139 76
9. (U) 22SEP 76
10. (U) NA
11. (U) `INITIATE' IPSP PT-1440
12. (U) USDAO. TEHRAN. IRAN
13. (U) FRANK B. MCKENZIE. COL. USAF. :DA TT
14. (U) NA
15. (U) THIS REPORT FORWARDS INFORMATION CONCERNING THE SIGHTING OF AN
UFO IN IRAN ON :19 SEPTEMBER 1976.
A. AT ABOUT 1230 AM ON 19 SEP 76 THE -------------------------------
----------------------------RECEIVED FOUR TELEPHONE CALLS FROM CITIZENS
LIVING IN THE SHEMIRAN AREA OF TEHRAN :SAYING
UNCLASSIFIED
PRIORITY
FOIA # 33
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-30-1986
Subject: 1976 IRAN INTERCEPT CASE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRIORITY UNCLASSIFIED 57
OCT1 MSG654 PAGE 02 267 08L3
THAT THEY HAD SEEN STRANGE OBJECTS IN THE SKY. SOME REPORTED A KIND OF
BIRD-LIKE OBJECT WHILE OTHERS REPORTED A HELICOPTER WITH A LIGHT ON.
THERE WERE NO HELICOPTERS AIRBORNE AT THAT TIME.------------------------
------------------------- AFTER. HE TOLD THE CITIZEN IT WAS ONLY STARS
AND HAD TALKED TO MEHRABAD TOWER HE DECIDED TO LOOK FOR HIMSELF. HE
NOTICED AN OBJECT IN THE SKY SIMILAR TO A STAR BIGGER AND BRIGHTER. HE
DECIDED TO SCRAMBLE AN F-4 FROM SHAHROKHI AFB TO INVESTIGATE.
B. AT 0130 HRS ON THE 19TH THE F-4 TOOK OFF AND PROCEEDED TO A POINT
ABOUT 40 NM NORTH OF TEHRAN. DUE TO ITS BRILLIANCE THE OBJECT WAS
EASILY VISIBLE FROM 70 MILES AWAY. AS THE F-4 APPROACHED A RANGE OF 25
NH HE LOST ALL INSTRUMENTATION AND COMMUNICTIONS (UHF AND INTERCOM).
HE BROKE OFF THE INTERCEPT AND HEADED BACK TO SHAHROKHI. WHEN THE F-4
TURNED AWAY FROM THE OBJECT AND APPARENTLY WAS NO LONGER A THREAT TO IT
THE AIRCRAFT REGAINED ALL INSTRUMENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS. AT 0140
HRS A SECOND F-4 WAS LAUNCHED. THE BACKSEATER ACQUIRED A RADAR LOCK ON
AT 27 NH. 12 O'CLOCK HIGH POSITION WITH THE VC (RATE OF CLOSURE) AT 150
NHPH. AS THE RANGE DECREASED TO 25 NH THE OBJECT MOVED AWAY AT A SPEED
THAT WAS VISIBLE ON THE RADAR SCOPE AND STAYED AT 25 NH.
C. THE SIZE OF THE RADAR RETURN WAS COMPARABLE TO THAT OF A 707 TANKER.
THE VISUAL SIZE OF THE OBJECT WAS DIFFICULT TO DISCERN BECAUSE OF ITS
INTENSE BRILLIANCE. THE LIGHT THAT IT GAVE OFF WAS THAT OF FLASHING
STROBE LIGHTS ARRANGED IN A RECTANGULAR PATTERN AND ALTERNATING BLUE-
GREEN, RED AND ORANGE IN COLOR. THE SEQUENCE OF THE LIGHTS WAS SO FAST
THAT ALL THE COLORS COULD BE SEEN AT ONCE. THE OBJECT AND THE PURSUING
F-4 CONTINUED ON A COURSE TO THE SOUTH OF TEHRAN WHEN ANOTHER BRIGHTLY
LIGHTED OBJECT, ESTIMATED TO BE ONE HALF TO ONE THIRD THE APPARENT SIZE OF
THE MOON, CAME OUT OF THE ORIGINAL OBJECT. THIS SECOND OBJECT HEADED
STRAIGHT TOWARD THE F-4 AT A VERY FAST RATE OF SPEED. THE PILOT ATTEMPTED
TO FIRE AN AIM-9 MISSILE AT THE OBJECT BUT AT THAT INSTANT HIS WEAPONS
CONTROL PANEL WENT OFF AND HE LOST ALL COMMUNICATIONS (UHF AND INTERPHONE)
AT THIS POINT THE PILOT INITIATED A TURN AND NEGATIVE G DIVE TO GET AWAY.
AS HE TURNED THE OBJEAZ FELL IN TRAIL AT WHAT APPEARED TO BE ABOUT 3-4 NH.
AS HE CONTINUED IN HIS TURN AWAY FROM THE PRIMARY OBJECT THE SECOND OBJECT
WENT TO THE INSIDE OF HIS TURN THEN RETURNED TO THE PRIMARY OBJECT FOR A
PERFECT REJOIN.
D. SHORTLY AFTER THE SECOND OBJECT JOINED UP WITH THE PRIMARY OBJECT
ANOTHER OBJECT APPEARED TO COME OUT OF THE
PRIORITY UNCLASSIFIED
FOIA # 34
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 07-30-1986
Subject: 1976 IRAN INTERCEPT CASE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
58
PRIORITY UNCLASSIFIED
OCT1 MS6654 PAGE 03 267 0813
OTHER SIDE OF THE PRIMARY OBJECT GOING STRAIGHT DOWN. AT A GREAT RATE OF
SPEED. THE F-4 CREW HAD REGAINED COMMUNICATIONS AND THE WEAPONS CONTROL
PANEL AND WATCHED THE OBJECT APPROACH THE GROUND ANTICIPATING A LARGE
EXPLOSION. THIS OBJECT APPEARED TO COME TO REST GENTLY ON THE EARCH AND
CAST A VERY BRIGHT LIGHT OVER AN AREA OF ABOUT 2-3 KILOMETERS.
THE CREW DESCENDED FROM THEIR ALTITUDE OF 26H TO 15H AND CONTINUED TO
OBSERVE AND MARK THE OBJECT'S POSITION. THEY HAD SOME DIFFICULTY IN
ADJUSTING THEIR NIGHT VISIBILITY FOR LANDING SO AFTER ORBITING MEHRABAD
A FEW TIMES THEY WENT OUT FOR A STRAIGHT IN LANDING. THERE WAS A LOT OF
INTERFERENCE ON THE UHF AND EACH TIME THEY PASSED THROUGH A MAG. BEARING
OF 150 DEGREE FROM EHRABAD THEY LOST THEIR COMMUNICATIONS (UHF AND
INTERPHONE) AND THE INS FLUCTUATED FROM 30 DEGREES - 50 DEGREES. THE ONE
CIVIL AIRLINER THAT WAS APPROACHING MEHRABAD DURING THIS SAME TIME
EXPERIENCED COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE IN THE SAME VICINITY (KILO ZULU) BUT
DID NOT REPORT SEEING ANYTHING. WHILE THE F-4 WAS ON A LONG FINAL
APPROACH THE CREW NOTICED ANOTHER CYLINDER SHAPED OBJECT (ABOUT THE SIZE
OF A T-BIRD AT 10M) WITH BRIGHT STEADY LIGHTS ON EACH END AND A FLASHER
IN THE MIDDLE. WHEN QUERIED THE TOWER STATED THERE WAS NO OTHER KNOWN
TRAFFIC IN THE AREA. DURING THE TIME THAT THE OBJECT PASSED OVER THE
F-4 THE TOWER DID NOT HAVE A VISUAL ON IT BUT PICKED IT UP AFTER THE
PILOT TOLD THEM TO LOOK BETWEEN THE MOUNTAINS AND THE REFINERY.
E. DURING DAYLIGHT THE F-4 CREW WAS TAKEN OUT TO THE AREA IN A
HELICOPTER WHERE THE OBJECT APPARENTLY HAD LANDED. NOTHING WAS NOTICED
AT THE SPOT WHERE THEY THOUGHT THE OBJECT LANDED (A DRY LAKE BED) BUT
AS THEY CIRCLED OFF TO THE WEST OF THE AREA THEY PICKED UP A VERY
NOTICEABLE BEEPER SIGNAL. AT THE POINT WHERE THE RETURN WAS THE
LOUDEST WAS A SMALL HOUSE WITH A GARDEN. THEY LANDED AND ASKED THE
PEOPLE WITHIN IF THEY HAD NOTICED ANYTHING STRANGE LAST NIGHT. THE
PEOPLE TALKED ABOUT A LOUD NOISE AND A VERY BRIGHT LIGHT LIKE
LIGHTNING. THE AIRCRAFT AND AREA WHERE THE OBJECT IS BELIEVED TO HAVE
LANDED ARE BEING CHECKED FOR POSSIBLE RADIATION ----------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MORE INFORMATION WILL BE FORWARDED WHEN IT BECOMES AVAILABLE.
RT
#9717
PTCCZYUW RUFKJCS9712 2670810:0130-CCCC 2670814
PRIORITY UNCLASSIFIED
FOIA # 35
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-15-1986
Subject: 1986 BRAZILIAN FOIA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Washington, D.C. 20301-6111
U-4,339/RTS-1
Mr. _______________
___________________
___________________
___________________
Dear Mr. ___________:
This responds to your request under the Freedom of Information Act dated
11 June 1986 for any documents concerning UFOs, any documents received
from U.S. Embassies concerning the Brazilian UFO incident, and all
documents pertaining to PROJECT MOON DUST.
Upon review, it has been determined that there are 61 documents responsive
to your request. Of these 61 documents, portions of 16 are properly
classified and are not releasable. The properly classified portions
withheld are exempt from release pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552 (b)(1), (b)(3),
and (b)(5), Freedom of Information Act. Subsection (b)(1) applies to
information properly classified under the criteria provided by Executive
Order 12356. The statutory basis for invoking subsection (b)(3) is to be
found at 50 U.S.C. 402, NOTE (Public Law 86-36). Subsection (b)(5)
applies to inter- and intra-agency memoranda which are advisory in nature.
All reasonably segregable portions of the 16 documents, absent
administrative and classification data, are attached hereto.
All substantive portions of three other documents are properly classified
and are not releasable. There are no reasonably segregable portions of
this exempt material. The properly classified portions withheld are
exempt from release pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552 (b)(1), Freedom of
Information Act. The remaining material is not forwarded because it is
routinely deleted administrative and classification data unrelated to the
subject matter of the request.
The remaining 42 documents are attached hereto, absent administrative and
classification data. You are advised that the documentation provied is
the most legible available from our archives.
You are advised that a requester may appeal, within 45 working days, an
initial decision to withhold a record or part thereof. Should you wish to
exercise this right, you may do so by referring to case #F0I-0504-86 and
addressing your appeal to:
Director
Defense Intelligence Agency
ATTN: RTS-1 (FOIA)
Washington, D.C. 20301-6111
Sincerely,
GORDON NEQUS
Executive Director
58 enclosures a/s
FOIA # 36
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-22-1986
Subject: 1980 BRAZILIAN FOIA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Message Center RECEIVED
JUN - 3 1980
VZOZCMLT565 7YUW
MULT DIA RT3 - 2B
ACTION 18134
DIA:
DISTR
IADB(01) J5(02) JE:NMCC NIDS SECDEF(07) SECDEF: USDP(15)
ATSD:AE(01) ASD:PA&E(01) ::DIA(20) NMIC
- CMC CC WASHINGTON DC
- CSAF WASHINGTON DC
- CNO WASHINGTON DC
- CSA WASHINGTON DC
- CIA WASHINGTON DC
- SFCSTATE WASHINGTON DC
- NSA WASH DC
FILE
(047)
TRANSIT/1542115/1542207/0001525941542204
DE RUESLMA #4888 1542115
7NY CCCCC
R 0220527 JUN 80
FM USDAD LIMA PERU
TO RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC
INFO RULPALJ/USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PN
RULPAFA/USAFSO HOWARD AFB PN
BT
SUBJ: IR 6 876 0146 80 (U)
THIS IS AN INFO REPORT, NOT FINALLY EVAL INTEL
1. (U) CTRY: PERU (PE)
2. TITLE (U) UFO SIGHTED IN PERU (U)
3. (U) DATE OF INFO: 800510
4. (U) ORIG: USDAD AIR LIMA PERU
5. (U) REQ REFS: Z-D13-PE030
6. (U) SOURCE: 6 876 0138. OFFICER IN THE PERUVIAN AIR FORCE
WHO OBSERVED THE EVENT AND IS IN A POSITION TO BE PARTY
TO CONVERSATION CONCERNING THE EVENT. SOURCE HAS REPORTED
RELIABLY IN THE PAST.
7. SUMMARY: SOURCE REPORTED THAT A UFO WAS SPOTTED
ON TWO DIFFERENT OCCASIONS NEAR PERUVIAN AIR FORCE (FAP) BASE
IN SOUTHERN PERU. THE FAP TRIED TO INTERCEPT AND DESTRY THE
UFO, BUT WITHOUT SUCCESS.
PAGE 1 00101111
FOIA # 37
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-22-1986
Subject: 1980 BRAZIL.FOIA PAGE 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Message Center
PAGE 2 18134
8A. DETAILS: SOURCE TOLD RO ABOUT THE SPOTTING OF AN
UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT IN THE VICINITY OF MARIANO MELGAR AIR
BASE, LA JOYA, PERU (168058, 0715306W). SOURCE STATED THAT THE
VEHICLE WAS SPOTTED ON TWO DIFFERENT OCCASIONS. THE FIRST WAS
DURING THE MORNING HOURS OF 9 MAY 80, AND THE SECOND DURING
THE EARLY EVENING HOURS OF 10 MAY 80.
SOURCE STATED THAT ON 9 MAY, WHILE A GROUP OF FAP
OFFICERS WERE IN FORMATION AT MARIANO MALGAR, THEY SPOTTED A
UFO THAT WAS ROUND IN SHAPE, HOVERING NEAR THE AIRFIELD. THE
AIR COMMANDER SCRAMBLED AN SU-22 AIRCRAFT TO MAKE AN
INTERCEPT. THE PILOT, ACCORDING TO A THIRD PARTY, INTERCEPTED
THE VEHICLE AND FIRED UPON IT AT VERY CLOSE RANGE WITHOUT
CAUSING ANY APPARENT DAMAGE. THE PILOT TRIED TO MAKE A
SECOND PASS ON THE VEHICLE, BUT THE UFO OUT-RAN THE SU-22.
THE SECOND SIGHTING WAS SURING HOURS OF DARKNESS.
THE VEHICLE WAS LIGHTED. AGAIN AN SU-22 WAS SCRAMBLED, BUT THE
VEHICLE OUT-RAN THE AIRCRAFT.
8B. ORIG CMTS: RO HAS HEARD DISCUSSION ABOUT THE
SIGHTING FROM OTHER SOURCES. APPARENTLY SOME VEHICLE WAS
SPOTTED, BUT ITS ORIGIN REMAINS UNKNOWN.
9. (U) PROJ NO: N/A
10. (U) COLL MGMT CODES: AB
11. (U) SPEC INST: NONE. DIRC: NO.
12. (U) PREP BY: NORMAN h. RUNGE, COL. AIRA
13. (U) APP BY: VAUGHN E. WILSON, CAPT, DATT, ALUSNA
14. (U) REQ EVAL: NO REL TO: NONE
15. (U) ENCL: N/A
16. (U) DIST BY ORIG: N/A
BT
#4888
ANNOTES
JAL 117
PAGE 2 00101111
NNNN
0222087
FOIA # 38
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-22-1986
Subject: 1977 FAA REPORT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER
1801 East Loula Street
Olathe, Kansas 6606l
FEDERAL AVIATION
APR 14 1977 ADMINISTRATION
Mr. __________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Dear Sir:
I am in receipt of your letter concerning your research on the mystery
of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) and I understand that you are
participating in an international effort to establish contact with
persons having past experiences involving UFOs.
In June 1970, I had occasion to come in direct contact with a UFO. I was
stationed in San Juan, Puerto Rico, with the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion (FAA) and was flying with the Puerto Rico Air National Guard. In
the early morning, a report had been received from two air carriers;
Pan American, and a local carrier, Caribair, that at dawn a large
balloon-like object was sighted drifting slowly southwestward at an
approximate altitude of 5,000 to 7,000 feet. The object was detected on
the Air Route Traffic Control Center radar and subsequently tracked.
Movement appeared to be in a southwesterly direction at 4 to 8 knots per
hour, varying slightly hour to hour. I was a member of a flight of 104s
and a T-33 aircraft that went to the site where the object had been
sighted to observe and to photograph it if possible. The object was
visible from the ground at Isla Verde Airport, San Juan, Puerto Rico,
lying low in the skies on a south southwesterly heading. Its appearance
was similar to a balloon. After becoming airborne and flying towards
the object, it became immediately apparent that it was at a very high
altitude and was quite a distance away. The object was approximately
40 miles southwest of Ponce, Puerto Rico, at an altitude in excess of
60,000 feet, estimated roughly at 80,000 feet. Myself in a T-33 and four
other pilots in f104s observed and photographed the object. The
following details are noted:
1. It was a manufactured item.
2. It was at least 125 feet in width with the same approximate
length.
3. It was shaped similar to the forward one-third of a speedboat
hull with a flat rear section and a pointed nose section.
(See sketch.)
4. There was an area of high reflectivity on the "keel" approxi-
mately one-third from the nose of the object. (See sketch.)
FOIA # 39
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-22-1986
Subject: 1977 FAA REPORT PAGE 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
5. The object remained oriented in a northeasterly/southwesterly
direction with the nose pointed northeast; the stern to the
southwest, and drifting slowly against the prevailing winds to
the southwest about 8 knots per hour.
6. There were no signs of any type of propulsion unit on the object.
Extensive gun-camera film was collected showing the object very closely.
A B-52 from Ramey Air Force Base acquired the target on the radar. Upon
"locking on," the B-52 received electronic jamming. The object was kept
in surveillance throughout the remainder of the daylight hours and was
lost after dark.
The prevailing weather at the time of the incident was clear skies and
unlimited visibility. The object was viewed by the majority of the popu-
lation of the island of Puerto Rico; visible in plain sight for most of
the day, and reported to all military intelligence activities, National
Weather Service, etc. We have yet to receive a satisfactory explanation
as to what the object was. The San Juan Star published a series of
articles concerning the incident.
I am presently the Deputy Chief at the Kansas City Air Route Traffic
Control Center and would welcome any additional inquiries on this subject
and perhaps I could direct you to where film could be obtained of the
object.
Thank you,
CHARLES M. BUMSTEAD, Deputy Chief
Kansas City ARTC Center
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Continued in Part 5
--
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From: dona@bilver.uucp (Don Allen)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors,alt.conspiracy,alt.paranormal,misc.headlines,misc.misc
Subject: INFO:FOIA files on UFO's Part 5 (FINAL)
Keywords: Follow-ups to alt.alien.visitors
Message-ID: <1991May22.020759.13736@bilver.uucp>
Date: 22 May 91 02:07:59 GMT
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---Part 5 FINAL ---
FOIA # 40
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-30-1986
Subject: 1978 BLUEFLY & MOONDUST
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON 20330
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
________________________________________________________________
13 November 1978
Mr._____________________
________________________
________________________
Dear Mr.________________:
This is in response to your letter of October 21, 1978
requesting information on MOONDUST AND BLUEFLY.
BLUEFLY was a project for the acquisition of airlift
for a quick reaction capability. It was determined that
the need did not exist and the project was discontinued
several years ago.
MOONDUST is a program in which the Air Force provides
technical assistance in determining the origin of space
debris, U.S. or foreign.
These programs are under the purview of Air Force Systems
Command, Andrews AFB, MD, 20034. Please write to the Director
of Information there, if you desire additional data. He
may be able to help.
Sincerely,
ALBERT W. SCHUMANN
Colonel, USAF
Deputy Chief
Community Reations Division
Office of Information
RECEIVED 16 NOV 1978
FOIA # 41
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-30-1986
Subject: 1979 BLUEFLY & MOONDUST
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON 20330
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY 20 AUG 1979
________________________________________________________________
Mr._____________________
________________________
________________________
Dear Mr.________________:
This letter is in reference to your appeal from the
decision of the Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence,
partially denying your request for a copy of a Biographical
Sketch, dated 1 January 1957; two AFCIN memoranda, dated 11
February 1958 and 26 December (no year indicated); the
AFCIN-1E-0 letter, dated 3 November 1961; the AFOIN-X(SG)
memo, dated 29 April 2952; and the AFOIN-SSG letter.
The Office of the Secretary of the Air Force has
considered your appeal, and I have determined your appeal
should be granted in part and denied in part.
The Biographical Sketch, dated 1 January 1957, is exempt
from mandatroy disclosure under the Freedom of Information
Act, 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(6). The disclosure of this information
would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal
privacy. Release of this type of information is also
prohibited by paragraph 27b, Air Force Regulation 12-35 (32
CFR 806b).
The two AFCIN memoranda, dated 11 February 1958 and 26
December (no year indicated) are intra-agency memoranda con-
taining opinions and suggestions and are exempt from manda-
tory disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, 5
U.S.C. 552(b)(5). These memoranda are withheld in an effort
to promote the free and frank interchange of ideas, opinions
and recommendations among Air Force personnel. The infor-
mation withheld is primarily opinion which would not be
routinely available through the discovery process.
Portions of the AFCIN-1E-0 letter, dated 3 November 1961
are releasable; however, the remaining portions are still
exempt from mandatory release under the Freedom of Informa-
tion Act 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(1). This information and the
AFOIN-X(SG) memos are currently classified under Executive
Order 12065, Section 1-301 (a) and (c), as implemented by
Department of Defense regulation 5200.1-R, paragraphs 2-301
(C) (3) and (5). The continuing protection of this informa-
tion is essential to the national security because it reveals
intelligence sources and methods. The release of this infor-
mation could reasonably be expected to cause identifiable
damage to the national security. The AFOIN-SSG letter has
been declassified and is released.
This letter constitutes the final Air Force action on
your appeal. Under the Freedom of Information Act 5 U.S.C.
552, provision exists for judicial review of this
determination.
Sincerely,
ROBERT W. CRITTENDEN
Deputy Administrative Assistant
1 Attachment
Releasable Material
FOIA # 42
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 09-30-1986
Subject: 1986 BLUEFLY & MOONDUST
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON, D.C.
20330-5025
________________________________________________________________
11 APR 1986
Mr.______________________
_________________________
_________________________
Dear Mr._________________
This responds to your 25 March 1986 Freedom of Information request.
Attached is the only document in the Air Force Intelligence Office
(AF/IN) relative to your request.
AF/IN has no knowledge of "ICGL#4" dated 25 April 1961, pertaining
to Project Moon Dust. No "AFCIN SOP for Blue Fly Operations,
February 1960" was located. The programs (UFO, Blue Fly, Moon
Dust) no longer exist and records were destroyed.
There is no Air Force Intelligence unit responsible for collections
under these projects since the projects are no longer active.
Fees are waived in this instance.
Sincerely
ANNE W. TURNER
1 Atch HQ USAF Freedom of
AF/IN Document Information Manager
RECEIVED 16 APR 1986
86-370
FOIA # 43
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
WASHINGTON 25, D.C.
REPLY TO
ATTN OF: APCIN-1E-0/Colonel Betz
SUBJECT: (U) AFCIN Intelligence Team Personnel 3 NOV 1961
TO: APCIN-1E This draft proposal was not
APCIN-1 approved and was not for -
IN TURN ___________ (word not clear) for action.
N.M. Rosner
PROBLEM: NORMAN M. ROSNER
Lt. Colonel, USAF
1. (U) To provide qualified personnel for APCIR intelligence
teams.
FACTORS BEARING ON THE PROBLEM:
2.
c. In addition to their staff duty assignments, intelligence
team personnel have peacetime duty functions in support of such
Air Force projects as Moondust, Bluefly, and UFO, and other
AFCIN directed quick reaction projects which require
intelligence team operational capabilities (see Definitions).
d. Normal personnel attrition, through PCS, discharge,
retirement, etc., has reduced the number of intelligence team
qualified personnel below a minimum requirement, and programmed
personnel losses within the next ten months will halve the
current manning.
e. Personnel actions within the authority of AFFMP, AFCIN
and AFCIN-1E can be taken to reverse the trend toward
diminishment of the intelligence team capability.
3.
FOIA # 44
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. ___ Criteria
a. Intelligence team personnel can perfomr effectively only with
an adequate background of training and experience. Inadequately
qualified personnel in such assignment would be a liability rather
than an asset to successful accomplishment of the mission.
5. ___ Definitions.
a. Linguist: Personnel who can develop intelligence information
through interrogation and translation from Russion and/or Bloc country
languages to English.
b. Tech Man: Personnel qualified to develop intelligence infor-
mation through field examination and analysis of foreign material,
with emphasis on the Markings Program and technical photography.
c. Ops Man: Intelligence team chief. Qualified to direct intel-
ligence teams in gaining access to target, in exploitation of enemy
personnel and material, and in use of field communications equipment
for rapid reporting of intelligence information.
d. Airborne Personnel: Military trained and rated parachutists.
e. Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO): Headquarters USAF has
established a program for investigation of reliably reported unidenti-
fied flying objects within the United States. AFR 200-2 delineates
1127th collection responsibilities.
f. Blue Fly: Operation Blue Fly has been established to facilitate
expeditious delivery to FTD of Moon Dust or other items of great tech-
nical intelligence interest. AFCIN SOP for Blue Fly operations,
February 1960, provides for 1127th participation.
g. Moon Dust: As a specialized aspect of its over-all material
exploitation program, Headquarters USAF has established Project Moon
Dust to locate, recover and deliver descended foreign space vehicles.
ICGL #4, 25 April 1961, delineates collection responsibilities.
DISCUSSION:
6. ___
a. Headquarters USAF (AFCIN) maintains intelligence teams as a
function of AFCIN-1E (1127th USAF Field Activities Group). Personnel
comprising such teams have normal AFCIN-1E staff duties, and their
maintenance of qualification for intelligence team employment is in
addition to their normal staff duties. For example, the Chief of
AFCIN-1E-OD, the Domestic Operations Section, additionally participates
in approximately 18 hours of training per month for intelligence team
employment. Such training includes physical training, classroom combat
intelligence training, airborne operations, field problems, etc.
FOIA # 45
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
b. Intelligence teams are comprised of three men each, to include
a linguist, a tech man, and an ops man. All are airborne qualified.
Cross-training is provided each team member in the skills of the other
team members to assure a team functional capability despite casualties
which may be incurred in employment.
c. Peacetime employment of AFCIN intelligence team capability is
provided for in UFO investigation (AFR 200-2) and in support of Air
Force Systems Command (AFSC) Foreign Technology Division (FTD) Projects
Moon Dust and Blue Fly. These three peacetime projects all involve a
potential for employment of qualified field intelligence personnel on
a quick reaction basis to recover or perform field exploitation of
unidentified flying objects, or known Soviet/Bloc aerospace vehicles,
weapons systems, and/or residual componants of such equipment. The
intelligence team capability to gain rapid access, regardless of
location, to recover or perform field exploitation, to communicate and
provide intelligence reports is the only such collection capability
available to AFCIN, and is vitally necessary in view of current intelli-
gence gaps concerning Soviet/Bloc technological capabilites.
d. Wartime employment of AFCIN intelligence team capability is
currently primarily geared to the CONAD/NORAD air defense mission
(Atch I). The intelligence team concept was originally developed
within the Air Defense Command (ADC). The ADC Director of Intelligence
was charged in 1953 with organizing the 4602d Air Intelligence Service
Squadron (AISS), with a wartime mission of exploiting downed enemy
"people, paper, and hardware" for intelligence information that would
contribute to the air defense of the continental US, and ADC was
allocated manpower for this function (ADC Regulation 24-4, 3 Jan 53,
Organization and Mission of the 4602d Air Intelligence Service Squadron).
e. As an economy move, the 201 spaces of the 4602d AISS were trans-
ferred to AFCIN in July 1957 (Hq Comd General Order 46, dtd 8 Jul 57),
to provide manning for peacetime AFCIN functions, but with the contin-
gency that AFCIN would continue to maintain a capability to support
CONAD/NORAD in the wartime people, paper, and hardware mission (Atchs
2 and 3). From the 194 spaces that AFCIN allocated to the 1006th AISS,
activated by Hq Comd General Order #49, 2 Jul 57, this capability was
provided for (Dept of AF ltr, dtd 16 Jul 59, subj: Mission of the 1006th
AISS), and the capability has been maintained to the present time,
through the redesignation of the 1006th to the 1127th USAF Field
Activities Group (AFCIN Policy Ltr 205-13, 13 April 1960).
f. The maintenance of the intelligence team capability over the
four year period since inactivation of the 4602d AISS has been possible
largely because members of the original highly select and trained 4602d
personnel remained with the organization during its subsequent designa-
tions. _______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3
FOIA # 46
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
______________________ In addition, a minimum number of new
personnel assigned to the organization and fortuitously possessing basic
requisite skills, were further trained and integrated into the intelli-
gence team program as additional duty.
g. Manning of the intelligence teams from these sources has now
reached the point of diminishing returns. Only 21 qualified intelligence
team personnel are now assigned, and of these approximately half are
scheduled for PCS departure from the organization during the next 12
months. There is no forecast input of previously qualified personnel.
There are currently five basically qualified volunteers for further
training and assignment to intelligence team additional duty.
h. In an effort to augment the diminishing capability, USAF
personnel assigned to organizations other than the 1127th within the
Washington area who have airborne/intelligence team qualification, and/or
who are former members of this organization's intelligence teams, and
who have been approved by their organization of assignment and Hq USAF
(AFCIN) for wartime assignment to the 1127th, have been issued appro-
priate orders, and participate in the peacetime training program for
wartime employment. Two such personnel are attached, with no known
available additional personnel.
i. The most serious immediate and forecast intelligence team
shortage is in Linguists. There are now only five Russion Linguists
assigned or attached, and of these only two are of native fluency, with
the other three of language school capability. Four of the five,
including the two of native fluency, are forecast for PCS by November
1962. Only one gain, fortunately of native fluency, is scheduled for
airborne training for intelligence team qualification and assignment.
Two additional Russian Linguists are forecast for assignment to the
1127th, but neither are yet intelligence team qualified or are known
to be volunteers for intelligence team assignment. All intelligence
team personnel are volunteers.
j. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Eight personnel in these categories are forecast for PCS loss within the
next twelve months, with an input forecast of five personnel, four of
whom are presently assigned, basically qualified volunteers for airborne
training, and one of whom is a forecast gain to the 1127th.
k. A sizeable number of qualified Linguists are presently assigned
to ________________________________________________________________
_______ ZI bases. Many of the Linguists are either airborne rated and/
or have had intelligence team assignments to this organization in its
present or former designations. Reassignment of these individuals to
AFCIN-1E upon completion of their present tours is a logical method by
FOIA # 47
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
which the current and forecast shortage could be met. A problem that
would be encountered in implementing such assignment is the lack of
1127th Linguist AFSC manpower vacancies. The 1127th has only twelve
Linguist AFSC manpower spaces allocated and seven of these spaces are
filled with either non-Russian/Bloc country Linguists or with non-
intelligence team qualified Linguists.
1. Possible solutions to the current and forecast shortage are:
(1) Basically qualified personnel currently assigned to AFCIN-1E
who volunteer for further training, to include airborne training, and
assignment to intelligence teams, should be given such training and
assignment as additional duty to normal staff duty employment.
(2) Assignment to the 1127th of intelligence team qualified
Linguists returning from overseas or completing other ZI assignments
on an authorized overage basis. Such authorized overages were previously
assigned to the organization and provided not only for the intelligence
team capability, but for fruitful peacetime ZI employment of Linguists.
Ten such personnel could be fully and effectively utilized during peace-
time in duties directly in or closely allied to their AFSC's, with the
intelligence team capability being an additional duty.
(3) Qualified intelligence team personnel now assigned to the
1127th could be retained beyond their normal duty tours until a simi-
larly qualified replacement is forecast or assigned.
e. A standard AFPMP and AFCIN-P policy should be the identification
to AFCIN-1E of previously qualified intelligence team personnel fore-
cast for return to the ZI form overs3eas assignments for assignment
against AFCIN-1E forecast personnel vacancies. Latitude may be required
and should be authorized in the assignment of such personnel be grade
and AFSC. For example, if a 204XX vacancy is forecast withing AFCIN-1E
and an intelligence team qualified 203XX is forecast available, and the
203XX is determined able to perform the staff duties required, either
from personal knowledge of the individual's capabilities, or by means
of an exchange of correspondence between the losing command and AFCIN-1E,
authorization for asignment of the 203XX against the 204XX vacancy
should be granted. It is generally true that 203's with AISS background
are normally able to perform 204 duties effectively with a minimum of
experience on the job. To a lesser degree, and on a selective basis,
this is also true of 203's being able to perform intelligence organiza-
tion 702 duties.
n. Discussion to this point has covered the intelligence team
development, composition, current peacetime and wartime missions, and
personnel problems. To further establish the value of the unique
Air Force capability represented by the intelligence teams, their
future potential for employment should be considered.
5
FOIA # 48
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-15-1986
Subject: 1961 MOONDUST PAGE 6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONCLUSION:
7. __ There is a valid current and continuing need for the AFCIN
intelligence team capability for peacetime and wartime employment.
Actions necessary to maintain the capability in "cadre" strength
should be immediately implemented, and actions to expand the capability
should be implemented on a sound basis of personnel acquisition,
training, equipping, and employment.
ACTION RECOMMENDED:
8. ___
a. Basically qualified personnel currently assigned to AFCIN-1E
who volunteer for further training, to include airborne training, and
assignment to intelligence teams, should be given such training and
assignment as additional duty to normal staff duty employment. Attach-
ment 4 is a current request for airborne training quotas for five
qualified volunteers.
b. AFCIN-1E should prepare, and submit through appropriate channels,
individual justifications for the following:
(l) Authorized overage assignment on a selective basis of an
initial ten intelligence team qualified Linguists returning to the ZI
from overseas assignment, with a later additional supplement in the
event of AFCIN authorized expansion of cadre strength of the intelligence
team capability.
(2) Detention beyond normal duty tours of qualified intelligence
team personnel now assigned to the 1127th until similarly qualified
replacements are forecast or assigned.
(3) Request for establishment of an AFPMP and AFCIN-P practice
to identify to AFCIN-1E previously qualified intelligence team personnel
forecast for return to the ZI from overseas assignments. Latitude should
be requested by AFCIN-1E in assignment of such personnel against actual
or forecast vacancies in AFSC and grade spaces in variance with those
possessed by the returnees if it is established that returnees have non-
AFSC skills which can be effectively utilized in the vacant spaces.
(4) Ninety-day TDY of AFCIN intelligence team to South Viet Nam
for employment in Viet Nam/Laos against USAF intelligence requirements.
Experience gained in establishing logistical support and operational
employment will be invaluable in developing further plans for intelligence
team utilization. The team should be attached to the Air Attache, Viet
Nam, and under his operational control for the period of TYD.
4 Atch
1. Excerpt, 1127 COP 1-60, re NORAD
Supper
2. Cy 1tr, Gen Taylor, 23 Jan 57
3. Cy 1tr, Gen Lewis, 4 Mar 57
4. Req for Airborne Tng Quotas
7
FOIA # 49
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-17-1986
Subject: 1986 HQ CR 44 IVOE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUARTERS AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS
BOLLING AIR FORCE BASE, DC 20332-6001
6 JAN 1986
Mr________________
________________
Dear Mr.__________
This is in response to your Freedom of Information Act requests of 19 and
21 December 1985.
A search of the Defense Central Index of Investigations (DCII), using the
data furnished in your letter, has disclosed that AFOSI is not maintaining
any information identifiable with "PROJECT SNOWBIRD,PROJECT SIGMA,PROJECT
AQUARIUS" or "MJ TWELVE". The DCII is a consolidated listing of files held
by the Department of Defense.
The releasable portions of AFOSI Headquarters (HQ) Collections Requirement
(CR) 44A, dated 23 Norember 1983, is attached. HQ CR 44 was superseded by
HQ CR 44A. Notations were inserted in the attached document wherever a
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Thru: HQ AFOSI/DADF
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HQ AFOSI is not maintaining the document described in your 21 December
1985 request as, "a document from AFOSI/IVOE dated 171130Z Nov 80."
FOIA # 50
CUFON Computer UFO Network
Date Sent: 10-17-1986
Subject: 1986 HQ CR 44 PAGE 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
HQ CR 44 IVOE Page 2
The third item of your 21 December 1985 letter pertained to abbreviations,
which are explained as follows:
a. "HQ IVOE: "HQ" is an abbreviation for "Headquarters" and when it
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is unknown to AFOSI.
Sincerely,
________________________
CECIL W. FRY, SA 1 Atch
Chief, Information Rrlease Division CY of HQ CR 44A,
Directorate of Administration Less Exemptions
----------------------------------------------------------------------
EOF
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From: timpson@shodha.enet.dec.com (Steve Timpson)
Newsgroups: alt.alien.visitors
Subject: SETI and ET's
Summary: FYI
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Date: 24 May 91 13:34:28 GMT
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ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE:
EVOLUTION AND ETHNOGRAPHY[1]
Jerome H. Barkow
Dalhousie University
Halifax, N.S.
Do you watch Star Trek? The Star Trek universe is full of
life, most of it very human-like. Many astrophysicists agree
with at least part of the Star Trek presumption: life is probably
pretty commonplace, in our universe, and if life, why not
intelligent life? The U.S. Congress has recently renewed its
financial support for NASA's SETI project. SETI -- the search
for extraterrestrial intelligence -- involves using radio
telescopes to search for signals that perhaps are being beamed to
us from other civilizations. SETI is associated with names such
as Carl Sagan, Philip Morrison, the Soviet scientist I. S.
Shklovskii, and with the Francis Drake of the Drake Equation, an
optimistic estimate of the ubiquity of life.
No real evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence out there
has been found, so far, but there has been much thought about
what such intelligence might be like, and what kinds of
civilizations its bearers might build. It has not only been
astrophysicists but anthropologists, too, who have contributed to
this thought: in 1974 there was a symposium on SETI at the
American Anthropological Association's annual meeting, and its
papers came out in a volume edited by Maruyama and Harkins
(1975), Cultures Beyond the Earth. Anthropologist can't do field
work to search for extraterrestrial intelligence, but we can do
"thought experiments."
For anthropologists and others, the major SETI questions are
whether intelligent, culture-bearing life could arise on other
planets, and if it did, what would it be like. One way to begin
answering these questions is by asking another: under what
circumstances did intelligent, culture-bearing life arise on this
planet, and what is it like, here? I am going to use this
strategy to focus on four specific questions: (1) will our
extraterrestrials have culture; (2) will they be self-aware; (3)
will they be xenophobic, (4) will their psychology be comparable
to our own, and (5) will they have the basic ideas of fairness
and justice that make diplomacy possible within our own species?
What follows is very provisional and tentative, of course -- this
is a new area for me. I personally have never even been as far
as Mars.
(1) Will Extraterrestrials Have Culture?
One way to view culture is as a pool of at least somewhat
organized knowledge that is socially transmitted within and
across generations (Barkow 1989). Robert Boyd and Peter
Richerson (1985) have argued that this great reliance on socially
transmitted information evolves under certain circumstances: when
the cost of individual learning is high and that of social
learning low, natural selection will favor social learning.
Individual learning is always somewhat costly -- many plants
contain toxins, for example, while some game animals are
dangerous and all of them require specific skills to hunt. If
our environment is predictable, stable, and fairly homogeneous,
then socially transmitted information will be of great utility.
Given the costs of individual learning, selection in such a
stable environment will favor social learning and the within and
across generational transmission of information that is the basis
of culture. So selection, in the predictable environment, will
favor at least the beginnings of the capacity for culture.
However, if the environment is unpredictable, unstable and
heterogeneous, then socially transmitted learning will be of
little use. One individual's experience will too often not be
applicable to another's situation. In these circumstances,
selection will not favor social but, rather, individual learning.
The result may be a species with great individual problem solving
ability and excellent memory, but without any possibility of
culture. However, if we assume that predictable environments are
common, in the Universe, then culture may be, as well.
Would an extraterrestrial intelligent species interested in
contacting us be one of those with culture? The answer is,
"yes." It seems very unlikely that any natural environment, no
matter how unpredictable, could select for such great
intelligence that a single individual could develop the
technology to communicate through space; and it seems equally
unlikely that a non-cultural species would want to. Any species
able to produce the technology necessary for contacting us, or to
develop the idea of doing so, will necessary be a culture-bearing
species, heavily dependent on tradition and social learning.
Given such dependence, it is entirely possible that such a
species will be like our own in enjoying a variety of different
cultures and subcultures. So, given the likelihood that fairly
predictable environments are common, in the universe, culture-
bearing extraterrestrials should be, too.
(2) Will Extraterrestrials have Self-Awareness?
Libraries of volumes have been written since Descartes gave
us his answer to the question of self-awareness. Here is a
simple explanation of this ultimate subjective phenomenon. The
adaptive value to members of a social species of being able to
predict the behavior of others is apparent. We have been
selected to develop elaborate cognitive maps of others and to
develop algorithms for predicting their behavior, so that our
brain permits us to act as if we were constantly running
enormously complex computer simulation models of the others in
our lives. The resulting internal, computer simulation-like
models would necessarily require an internal representation of
the thinking organism itself. I have posited elsewhere (1989),
and at considerably greater length, that any species with such an
internal representation of itself will have the subjective
experience of awareness.[2] The more complex the internal
representations of self and others the better the organism is
able to predict behavior (including its own); and the more
developed and articulated its self-awareness will be.
Assume for a moment that this argument is correct. The
earlier discussion concluded that extraterrestrials must have
culture, which implies that they necessarily are social,
cooperative beings. If this line of reasoning is correct then it
seems inevitable that any extraterrestrials trying to contact us
must have self-awareness. We should expect no soulless automata.
So far, it looks as if there just might be something to the Star
Trek premiss. (Of course, if this intelligence had somehow
evolved as the product of selection for massive individual
learning ability, it would not be self-aware and would certainly
have neither the desire nor the ability to communicate with
others.)
(3) Will the Extraterrestrial Species be Xenophobic?
Xenophobia, the fear and hatred of the stranger, is perhaps
the most extreme form of ethnocentrism. So let us begin with
that phenomenon, ethnocentrism. Why should natural selection
have favored our own species being ethnocentric? A likely if
still controversial evolutionary answer to this question involves
the autopredation hypothesis. That hypothesis represents an
effort to explain why we are so smart and so culture: adaptation
to a Paleolithic environment would appear to have required only
enough intelligence to knap flint, and it is not clear why our
species has ended up with the intelligence to make microcomputers
and organize CASCA meetings. In the autopredation scenario,
early hominid groups would have frequently culled one another of
the least cooperative, least capable individuals, those who did
not readily learn from others. Aside from culling the dull,
selection would also have culled those who were too trusting
towards dangerous strangers, and those who did not react to
external threat with renewed internal solidarity and cooperation.
In short, those without ethnocentrism and even xenophobia would
have been selected out. We are the descendants of the survivors
and, like them, we tend towards ethnocentrism. So much for our
own species: what about extraterrestrials?
Did our extraterrestrials gain their intelligence by an
autopredation process? In that case we can expect them to be
ethnocentric -- species-centric is probably the term -- and they
may even be xenophobic. Thus, if our extraterrestrials evolved
through autopredation then their ethnocentrism may be similar to
our own: they will not be obligatory xenophobes, though they
might be capable of the xenophobia, even as we are.
Suppose, however that it was not autopredation but simply
predation which produced the intelligence of our
extraterrestrials. Perhaps there were one or more other species
who were predators and who provided the culling of the less
intelligent. Intelligence might then have resulted from these
predators of another species rather than from autopredators. In
that case, we might have a species selected for genuine
xenophobia, a species whose evolved psychology would lead them to
react towards our own species as their ancestors did to their
ancient predators. But additional predation scenarios are
possible. Suppose that the predator species was similar to the
species that it was culling in also being dependent on social
learning. Perhaps the predator species was actually a related
species. Here, we have the interesting possibly of a reciprocal-
predation effect so that two intelligent, culture-bearing species
co-evolved, each one highly antagonistic to the other, each
culling the other of the less intelligent, less culture-bearing,
individuals. If this scenario is accurate, we may find that some
extraterrestrial intelligences occur in pairs, or else represent
survivor species, with genocide in their history and xenophobia
in their present. (Of course, selection might not favor a
generalized xenophobia but simply a specialized reaction to the
predator species alone. In such a case, human beings would
elicit a xenophobic response only if we happened, by a rather
unfortunate coincidence, to resemble closely the original
predator species.)
Sexual Selection
Neither predation nor autopredation may have played any role
in the evolution of an extraterrestrial intelligence. Some
evolutionists have argued that one of the most important
processes that likely produced our own species was that of sexual
selection (Barkow 1989). In this scenario, much of human
psychology is seen as the product of early hominids choosing
mates with particular characteristics: high skill and ability to
produce resources, readiness to invest in offspring, ability to
get along with others, and so forth. Selection would have
favored members of each gender competing with one another to be
chosen by the other gender, resulting in the modern human
tendency towards competition. Like autopredation, the sexual
selection hypothesis is an attempt to explain how it is that we
were apparently selected for so much more intelligence and
cultural capacity than mere physical environment and a
Paleolithic technology would seem to require. (There is also a
certain poetic justice in the idea that men and women are
responsible for the evolution of one another's respective
psychologies.) Returning to our extraterrestrials, let us assume
for a moment that their abilities are entirely the product of
sexual selection and that neither predation nor autopredation
played any part in their evolution. Now, we have a species
capable neither of xenophobia nor of ethnocentrism! It is
heartening to think that such species may exist. Of course,
sexual selection by definition involves competition:
extraterrestrials whose intelligence was produced by sexual
selection may see themselves as our competitors, and perhaps they
seek to contact us only in order to assert their superiority!
(4) Will the Extraterrestrials Have a Psychology
Comparable to Our Own?
To answer this question, we first need to know something
about the nature of our own psychology. The psychologists have
given us an embarrassment of riches -- or at least of controversy
-- about the human mind, but one of their approaches seems most
compatible with what we know of biological evolution. Not by
coincidence, that approach is known as "evolutionary psychology."
It involves viewing the brain not as some sort of global
mechanism but instead as a bunch of "mental organs" or "modules"
each of which evolved to deal with a particular adaptive problem.
The mental organ deals with that problem in terms of a particular
algorithm. The approach has shed considerable light on a growing
range of problems, including rape and other reproductive
strategies, sexual attractiveness, language acquisition, visual
perception, landscape architecture, pregnancy sickness,
children's play, and child abuse.[3] Evolutionary psychology is
particularly attractive to anthropologists because it helps us to
understand how a single species -- our own -- can adapt to
diverse environments by developing appropriate cultures.
An evolutionary psychology is a complex psychology, and for
that very reason it suggests that our extraterrestrials may have
a psychology very different from our own. If the mind is not so
much a global faculty as the sum total of many specialized
information-processing modules each of which evolved to deal with
a different adaptive problem, then an extraterrestrial species,
having evolved to solve adaptive problems different from our own,
will have a psychology different from our own. For example, it
has been argued (Orians and Heerwagen 1991, Kaplan 1991) that our
taste in landscapes reflects a preference for features of the
savanna in which we evolved, a preference for a plentiful water
supply, a preference for indications of places of refuge, and a
preference for signs of fertility (such as flowers). The result
is a transcultural ideal landscape that all human beings can
appreciate: but if our extraterrestrials happen to be an aquatic
species, for example, their aesthetics may be very different from
our own.[4]
(5) Will Extraterrestrials Share Our Ideas of
Fairness and Justice?
An early triumph of evolutionary psychology has to do with
our ideas of fairness and equity in the realm of social exchange.
The biologist's idea of reciprocal altruism has led us to
understand how cooperation within and across species has evolved:
organisms have been selected to exchange aid to the mutual
benefit of both. The evolution of mechanisms for such exchange
necessarily involves guarding against the cheater. As Robert
Trivers and others have argued, and as some experimental data
support (Cosmides and Tooby 1989), a number of evolved mechanisms
mediate social exchange in our own species. We are more likely
to be altruistic to the familiar person than to the stranger,
since the odds of the former returning help are relatively high,
the odds of the stranger even being in a position to reciprocate
aid at a later time much lower. We gossip about and otherwise
have a strong interest in the reputation of others with regard to
reliability in social exchange (Barkow 1991). We feel moral
indignation when cheated, an emotion that often causes us to act
in such a way as to cause others to appreciate the risks in
attempting to cheat us in any future transactions. We have keen
memories for every instance in which another may have failed to
reciprocate aid, while it is very difficult for us to recall any
instance in which we ourselves have failed to do so. The
psychology of social exchange is complex indeed. This is not
surprising, because human -- indeed, primate -- society is based
on social exchange.
Earlier in this paper, it was argued that only a social,
cooperative, culture-bearing species is likely to be either
willing or able to seek to contact us. Such extraterrestrials
may, like ourselves, have evolved their cooperativeness in large
measure due to selection for reciprocal altruism. Thus, it would
not be surprising if we were contacted by a species that
understood such concepts as keeping one's word and contractual
obligation. Note that I am not suggesting that extraterrestrial
species will be honest and fair in our own terms: selection,
after all, favors protecting oneself against being cheated while
being a successful cheater. But if our extraterrestrials engage
in social exchange, as is likely, they and we should at least be
able to understand one another.
It is possible, however, that the extraterrestrials will
have a cooperative society that evolved not on the basis of
reciprocal altruism but of nepotistic altruism. By aiding kin,
one increases the representation in future generations of those
genes one shares with the kin. The sociality of social insects,
after all, is based on the fact that most of the members of hive
or mound share three quarters of one another's genes. Social
insects, however, do not accumulate information and certainly do
not have culture, but it is not inconceivable, in terms of
evolutionary biology, for close cooperation, including
information-sharing, to evolve on the basis of high coefficients
of consanguinity. Given terrestrial experience, it seems
unlikely that extraterrestrial intelligence could have chosen
that route and still developed culture and technology, but not
impossible. Thus, there is some chance that extraterrestrial
species with no mechanisms for cooperating with non-kin exist,
and who would find our ideas of "fair play" incomprehensible.
Such a species would not necessarily be xenophobic but might not
recognize the possibility of cooperation with human beings.
Presumably, such a species would seek to contact us only by
accident.
Conclusions
The Star Trek presumption may well be more right than wrong.
Not only may there be much life in the universe, its psychology
is probably more likely than not to be comprehensible to human
beings, however different their morphology from our own. One
thing is clear, however: when and if NASA or some other
organization succeeds in making contact with an extraterrestrial
intelligence, it would be wise to have an anthropologist on hand,
one who asks questions about species evolution and culture. Like
the laws of physics, the principles of evolution are very
unlikely to alter from one part of the universe to another.
REFERENCES
Barkow, Jerome H. 1989. Darwin, Sex, and Status: Biological
Approaches to Mind and Culture. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press.
Barkow, Jerome H., Leda Cosmides, and John Tooby, co-editors.
1991 (in press). The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology
and the Generation of Culture. New York: Oxford University
Press.
Boyd, R., and P. J. Richerson. 1985. Culture and the
Evolutionary Process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Cosmides, L., and J. Tooby. 1989. Evolutionary psychology and the
generation of culture, II. Case study: a computational
theory of social exchange. Ethology and Sociobiology 10:51-
97.
Kaplan, Robert. 1991. Environmental Preference in a
Knowledge-seeking, Knowledge-using Organism. In Barkow,
Cosmides,and Tooby, 1991.
Maruyama, Magoroh and Arthur Harkins, eds. 1975. Cultures Beyond
the Earth. 1st ed. New York: Vintage Books.
Morrison, Philip. 1979. The Search for Extraterrestrial
Intelligence. New York: Dover Publications.
Orians, Gordon H., and Judith H. Heerwagen. 1991. Evolved
responses to landscapes. In Barkow, Cosmides, and Tooby,
1991.
Sagan, Carl. 1973. Communication with Extraterrestrial
Intelligence (CETI). Cambridge, MIT Press.
Shklovskii, I.S., and Carl Sagan. 1966. Intelligent Life in the
Universe. Authorized translation by Paula Fern. San
Francisco: Holden-Day.
NOTES
1. Paper prepared for presentation at the May, 1991 annual
meeting of the Canadian Anthropology Society, London, Ontario.
Papers may be sent to the author at the Dept of Soc and Soc
Anthropology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. CANADA B3H 1T2.
Telephone 902 424-6747, e-mail BARKOW@AC.DAL.CA
2. This may not be a falsifiable hypothesis. The only way I can
think of testing it would involve a number of interacting
computers each of which would have an internal representation
program that altered with the activities of the computer itself
as it interacted with the other computers. But how, then, could
we determine whether the computer was then conscious, even if it
were? Would a Turing test be applicable to such a computer? Its
consciousness might not recognize anyone other than a computer as
an entity capable of communication.
3. These examples are discussed by various contributors to
Barkow, Cosmides, and Tooby (1991).
4. Actually, while children everywhere share landscape
preferences, those of adults are shaped in part by the setting in
which they have been raised.
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