country codes with email accessibility

 Path: sipb-server-2.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!faqserv

From: o.crepin-leblond@imperial.ac.uk   (Olivier M.J. Crepin-Leblond)

Newsgroups: comp.mail.misc,comp.mail.uucp,news.newusers.questions,alt.internet.services,alt.internet.access.wanted,alt.answers,comp.answers,news.answers

Subject: FAQ: International E-mail accessibility

Supersedes: <mail/country-codes_780348302@rtfm.mit.edu>

Followup-To: poster

Date: 25 Oct 1994 14:20:11 GMT

Organization: Imperial College London, UK.

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Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu

Expires: 8 Dec 1994 14:19:26 GMT

Message-ID: <mail/country-codes_783094766@rtfm.mit.edu>

Reply-To: ocl@ic.ac.uk

NNTP-Posting-Host: bloom-picayune.mit.edu

Summary: This posting gives a list of country codes with email accessibility. 

         It is helpful in finding-out if a country has easy access to 

         email and internet facilities and is aimed at general email and 

         internet users.

X-Last-Updated: 1994/10/24

Originator: faqserv@bloom-picayune.MIT.EDU

Xref: sipb-server-2.mit.edu comp.mail.misc:10083 comp.mail.uucp:4919 news.newusers.questions:29022 alt.internet.services:33393 alt.internet.access.wanted:16092 alt.answers:5210 comp.answers:7975 news.answers:28069


Archive-name: mail/country-codes

Last-modified: 1994/10/20


Based on International Standard ISO 3166 Names

Compiled by Olivier M.J. Crepin-Leblond

E-mail: <ocl@ic.ac.uk>

Release: 94.10.2



Release Notes:   a. Jamaica, Sri Lanka and Bermuda with (FI)

                 b. Guinea now connected (*)

                 c. New World Wide Web (WWW) Mosaic version 

                    under construction


This document is Copyright 1994 by Olivier Crepin-Leblond. 

No part of this document may be reproduced in any commercial publication 

by any means - graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, 

recording, taping, or storage in an information retrieval system without 

prior written permission of the copyright holder.

It may however be freely redistributed in its entirety provided that

this copyright notice, its headers "Archive-name", "Last-modified",

and "Release" are not removed.


     Every now-and-then there are enquiries on the net regarding

E-mail to a distant country. The question is often of the type

"has that country got E-mail access ?". The following table is a

guide of country codes, showing the countries which have access to

Internet or general E-mail services.  The country codes have been

derived from the  International Organization for Standardization 

standard ISO 3166.  A country code is taken as a top level domain

once it is registered at rs.internic.net so *not* all country codes

listed are top level domains. At the bottom of the table, there is

also a section of general top level domains, based on the information

available at rs.internic.net.


NOTES:


1. Description of codes:


FI  stands for FULL INTERNET access. This includes 'telnet', 'ftp',

    and internet E-mail.

B   stands for BITNET access although the address may be in internet

    DNS (Domain Name System) format. 

*   (Asterisk) means that the country is reachable by E-mail. If this is

    not preceded by FI or B, it means that the connection may be a UUCP

    connection. An asterisk is included after FI or B for consistency.

PFI stands for a provisional full internet connection.(+) 

P   stands for provisional connection. (+)

    (+) This is used when one or more of the following is true:

       - address not verified or lack of address

       - UUCP dialup not active

       - net connection possible but not officially announced

       - premature official announcement of connection

F  stands for a country that is connected to Internet only via means

   of the FIDOnet network. It is assumed that the FIDO connection in this

   case is stable and reliable.


2. Networks which are not included:


Networks such as MILNET (U.S. Army) have computers all around the

world. It is generally possible to assume that wherever there is

a U.S. military base, there will be a node reachable through gateways.


Private company networks such as for DEC (Digital Equipment Corp.),

or Sun Microsystems, for example, have nodes in many exotic locations.

However the connection may take place via UUCP and cost a lot of money.

Those networks have therefore not been included. In addition, those

are PRIVATE networks.


Many companies ( like U.S. Sprint, for example ) offer commercial 

services to many countries which are not readily available on 

the Internet. The service is VERY COSTLY, usually takes place via

UUCP or X.400 connections. X.400 E-mail is usually charged to

someone and if the telecommunication carrier cannot find someone

to pay for the message transfer, it will reject it. As a result,

those types of network have not been included in the list.

Although a user may RECEIVE E-mail from a user on those networks, one 

may not be able to reply to it.


 

3. Updates:


    The situation changes from day to day. The growth in international

networking is such that the information contained in this document

may be out of date by the time it reaches you.

If you have any update (i.e. knowledge that a new country is connected),

please send a message to <ocl@ic.ac.uk>, including an example address

from the country reached so that it can be verified.

Furthermore, if you are a connection provider or could provide a

low cost connection in a country, and are not listed as a provider in 

that country (see "FURTHER INFORMATION" section), please notify either

Randy Bush <randy@psg.com> or me.

NOTE: This doesn't include providers for North America. 

If you are a North American provider, then please DON'T contact us.



4. .US sites


    While there are several hundreds of BITNET nodes in USA, none have

a name in the format `.US'. That's why the .us domain is only FI and *.


5. .edu, .com, etc.


    The domains in this section are special in that some of them are

used in more than one country. The domains which have full internet 

access are marked accordingly. However, this doesn't mean that *all*

of  those  domains  have  full  internet  access.   For   example,

only a small proportion of .mil sites have full internet access. The

same is true for .com sites, for example.  


6. UK and GB domains


     There are two codes for United Kingdom, namely UK and GB. While 

UK is used for addressing of most domains in DNS format, the field 

GB is used mainly in the X.400 addressing of United Kingdom sites.

However, there is an increasing trend in some United Kingdom sites

being directly connected to Internet under the GB domain. The GB domain

is hence a perfectly suitable Internet top level domain.

When looking for further information, it is worth looking at both

UK and GB for United Kingdom.


7. Further information column


     This column contains information as follows:


- E-mail address of a contact from which further information may be obtained

  and/or

- Details of a gopher system that can be queried for further information

  in this case, look at Section 8: Where to find further information

  or

- If no other information available: nameserver details, if any.

  This is the main nameserver as listed in the rs.internic.net database.

  Those often change as the network grows, and it is hard to keep track of

  all nameservers, but they should usually work. Nameservers can be 

  queried by users using nslookup. 


8. Where to find further information


  A number of sites run on-line information databases, mail-servers,

and gopher information systems where further information can be found.


- rs.internic.net

    Part of this site, the InterNIC database services, contains the

  Internet "white pages". The "whois" section of the "white pages"

  has registration records for top level domains. "whois" can be

  accessed by connecting interactively (telnet rs.internic.net),

  or via gopher (gopher rs.internic.net) or using the "whois"

  command available on some computer systems (whois -h rs.internic.net).

  Registration records for a domain are sometimes useful since they

  provide Administrative and Technical Contacts for this domain

  and those may hence be able to provide further information.


- gopher.ripe.net

    This is a gopher system run by ripe.net, the co-ordinator for

  European Internet nodes. It contains a lot of information regarding

  European IP, etc. It may be accessed either as "gopher gopher.ripe.net"

  or "telnet gopher.ripe.net" and logging-in appropriately. 

  It also has a "whois" database.


- GNET: an Archive and Electronic Journal

  This is co-ordinated by Larry Press <lpress@dhvx20.csudh.edu>

  Archived documents are available by anonymous ftp from the 

  directory global_net at dhvx20.csudh.edu (155.135.1.1).  To 

  conserve bandwidth, the archive contains an abstract of each 

  document, as well as the full document.   

  In addition to the archive, there is a moderated GNET 

  discussion list.  

  To submit a document to the archive or subscribe to the moderated 

  discussion list, use the address gnet_request@dhvx20.csudh.edu.  


- BITNIC Bitnet Network Information Center

    Bitnet LISTSERVs contain files which list all BITNET sites around 

  the world. For a listing of all BITNET sites, in country code order,

  send a message to LISTSERV@Bitnic.educom.edu (or LISTSERV@BITNIC for

  BITNET folks), no subject, and the command: 

  GET NODES INFO3

  in the body of the message.

  A very long file of information on all international BITNET sites

  can be ftp'ed from Bitnic.educom.edu and is called BITEARN.NODES .

  It is more than 2Mb long.


- gopher.psg.com

    This gopher system, maintained by the Network Startup Resource

  Center and PSGnet/RAINet contains perhaps the most comprehensive

  collection of information about country connectivity.

  It may be accessed as "gopher gopher.psg.com". For the gopher client

  impaired, one can telnet to gopher.psg.com and login as gopher. 

  An important feature is an E-mail interface to access the information

  in the gopher system.

  Send E-mail to: server@gopher.psg.com

  any subject, and in the body of the message:


  send country/<country-code>


  Example: if you want further information about Brazil (country code BR)


  send country/BR


  Many thanks to Randy Bush <randy@psg.com> and to John Klensin

  <klensin@infoods.unu.edu> for setting-up this site and this

  collaborative effort.


9. Archiving


    Once released, this document is archived in a number of archive

sites around the world. Amongst them:


 ftp://rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/

 ftp://lth.se:/pub/netnews/news.answers/mail/

#ftp://ftp.uu.net:/usenet/news.answers/mail/

#ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk:/pub/uunet/usenet/news.answers/mail/

#ftp://grasp.insa-lyon.fr:/pub/faq/mail/


(#) those may not be accessible via Bear access or direct PC access

    in some cases. 


Via E-mail request as follows: 


mail ftpmail@grasp.insa-lyon.fr

Subject: no one cares

open

[mime]

get pub/faq/mail/country-codes

quit


where [ ] = optional


All FAQs are also available via listserv@cc1.kuleuven.ac.be   or

listserv@blekul11.bitnet . For an index of all FAQs available,

put the command GET NETFAQS FILELIST in the body of your message.


The document is also retrievable by E-mail from rtfm.mit.edu by

sending an E-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu , blank subject line

and the command: send usenet/news.answers/mail/country-codes


The up-to-date, pre-release document is also available using an

experimental simple mail-server that I have setup from my account.

Send E-mail to: <ocl@ic.ac.uk> with a subject: archive-server-request

and the command: get mail/country-codes  in the body of your message.


The document is also distributed automatically once a month on a 

mailing list. To subscribe to that mailing list, send a message to:

listserver@ic.ac.uk   with the command in the body of the message:

SUBSCRIBE country-codes <your-name>

where "<your-name>" is your real name.



10. New World-Wide-Web (WWW) document


An experimental (i.e: under construction) WWW version of this document

is available as:


          http://www.ee.ic.ac.uk/misc/country-codes.html


This is currently experimental, so its reference may change at short

notice, and some of the links in the document are currently not working.

HTTP references for Top-Level information servers for a particular country

should be sent to <ocl@ic.ac.uk>. 



ISO 3166 Codes + Top level domains.


WARNING:


The link to some countries marked as being connected to Internet via

UUCP or FIDO is often an expensive telephone dialup link. The people

in those countries pay dearly for every byte of information sent to

them. It is therefore not advised to send an electronic mail to a

remote node in such a country asking "how's the weather there".

When it comes to money, people take things very seriously, especially

since funds are scarce. It is a matter of net etiquette to keep this

in mind. Junk mail sent to any node that has to pay a lot for its

telephone connection will clearly be dealt with HARSHLY and evasive

action may well be taken against those not respecting this notice.



Code    Country              Conn     Notes         Further information 

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

AD   Andorra                                            

AE   United Arab Emirates        P    Apparently dead ns.uu.net

AF   Afghanistan(Islamic St.)

AG   Antigua and Barbuda         *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu 

AI   Anguilla

AL   Albania                     P                    gwd2i.cnuce.cnr.it

AM   Armenia                          Ex-USSR

AN   Netherland Antilles 

AO   Angola (Republic of)        *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

AQ   Antarctica             FI   *    intermittent    luxor.cc.waikato.ac.nz

AR   Argentina              FI B *  Uni. de Buenos Aires <info@dcfcen.edu.ar>

                                                      <info@satlink.net>

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

AS   American Samoa

AT   Austria                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

AU   Australia              FI   *                    munnari.oz.au 

AW   Aruba

AZ   Azerbaijan             FI B *    Ex-USSR         gopher gopher.psg.com

BA   Bosnia-Herzegovina               

BB   Barbados                    *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

BD   Bangladesh                  F

BE   Belgium                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

BF   Burkina Faso                *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

BG   Bulgaria               FI B *     Daniel Kalchev <daniel@digsys.bg>

BH   Bahrain                   B *    Gulfnet       <postmaster@bhuob00.bitnet>

BI   Burundi

BJ   Benin

BM   Bermuda                FI   *   

BN   Brunei Darussalam

BO   Bolivia                     *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

BR   Brazil                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

BS   Bahamas                     *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

BT   Bhutan

BV   Bouvet Island

BW   Botswana                    *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

BY   Belarus                     *    Ex-USSR         gopher gopher.psg.com

BZ   Belize                      *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

CA   Canada                 FI B *                    relay.cdnnet.ca

CC   Cocos (Keeling) Isl.

CF   Central African Rep.

CG   Congo                       *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

CH   Switzerland            FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

CI   Ivory Coast                 *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

CK   Cook Islands

CL   Chile                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      dcc.uchile.cl

CM   Cameroon               FI   *    in .fr domain   gopher gopher.psg.com

CN   China                  FI   *                    ns.cnc.ac.cn

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

CO   Colombia               FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com 

                                                      cunixd.cc.columbia.edu

CR   Costa Rica             FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com 

CS   Czechoslovakia         FI B *    still works...  gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet gopher.ripe.net 

CU   Cuba                        *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

CV   Cape Verde

CX   Christmas Island

CY   Cyprus                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

CZ   Czech Republic         FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

DE   Germany                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net 

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

DJ   Djibouti

DK   Denmark                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

DM   Dominica                    *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

DO   Dominican Republic          *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

DZ   Algeria                FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

EC   Ecuador                FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

EE   Estonia                FI   *    Juhan Poeldvere <juhan@chem.ut.ee> 

EG   Egypt                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

EH   Western Sahara

ER   Eritrea                     F

ES   Spain                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

ET   Ethiopia                    F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

FI   Finland                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

FJ   Fiji                   FI   *                    <postmaster@usp.ac.fj> 

FK   Falkland Isl.(Malvinas)

FM   Micronesia 

FO   Faroe Islands               P                    danpost.uni-c.dk

FR   France                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net 

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

FX   France (European Ter.)           ???

GA   Gabon

GB   Great Britain (UK)     FI   *    X.400 & IP      ns1.cs.ucl.ac.uk

GD   Grenada                     P                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

GE   Georgia                     *    Ex-USSR         ns.eu.net

GF   Guyana (Fr.)                *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

GH   Ghana                       F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

GI   Gibraltar

GL   Greenland

GM   Gambia                      F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

GN   Guinea                      * 

GP   Guadeloupe (Fr.)            *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

GQ   Equatorial Guinea

GR   Greece                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

GS   South Georgia  and

     South Sandwich Islands

GT   Guatemala                   *                    ns.uu.net

GU   Guam (US)              FI   *                    uog2.uog.edu

GW   Guinea Bissau

GY   Guyana

HK   Hong Kong              FI B *                    hp9000.csc.cuhk.hk

HM   Heard & McDonald Isl.

HN   Honduras                    *                    ns.uu.net

HR   Croatia                FI   *                    dns.srce.hr 

HT   Haiti                       P                    gopher gopher.psg.com

HU   Hungary                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

ID   Indonesia              FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      ns.uu.net

IE   Ireland                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

IL   Israel                 FI B *                    relay.huji.ac.il

IN   India                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      sangam.ncst.ernet.in

IO   British Indian O. Terr.

IQ   Iraq

IR   Iran                   FI B *   Ali Shokoufandeh <ali@IREARN.BITNET>

                                    Ebrahim Mashayekh <ebrahim@IREARN.BITNET>

                                        Akbar Behzadi <akbar@IREARN.BITNET>

IS   Iceland                FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

IT   Italy                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

JM   Jamaica                FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

JO   Jordan

JP   Japan                  FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      jp-gate.wide.ad.jp

KE   Kenya                       *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

KG   Kyrgyz Republic                  Ex-USSR

KH   Cambodia

KI   Kiribati

KM   Comoros

KN   St.Kitts Nevis Anguilla     P                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

KP   Korea (North)               P                    

KR   Korea (South)          FI B *                    ns.kaist.ac.kr

KW   Kuwait                 FI   *    No BITNET       gopher gopher.psg.com

KY   Cayman Islands

KZ   Kazachstan                  *    Ex-USSR in .su domain

LA   Laos

LB   Lebanon               PFI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

LC   Saint Lucia                 *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

LI   Liechtenstein          FI   *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

LK   Sri Lanka              FI   *    intermittent    gopher gopher.psg.com

LR   Liberia

LS   Lesotho                     *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

LT   Lithuania              FI   *    Ex-USSR         aun.uninett.no

LU   Luxembourg             FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

LV   Latvia                 FI   *    Ex-USSR         lapsene.mii.lu.lv

LY   Libya

MA   Morocco               PFI   *   FI late'94/'95   gopher gopher.psg.com

MC   Monaco

MD   Moldova               PFI   *    Ex-USSR         

MG   Madagascar (Republic of)    *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

MH   Marshall Islands

MK   Macedonia (former Yugo.)    *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

ML   Mali                        *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

MM   Myanmar

MN   Mongolia

MO   Macau                  FI   *                    hkuxb.hku.hk

MP   Northern Mariana Isl.

MQ   Martinique (Fr.)

MR   Mauritania

MS   Montserrat

MT   Malta                       P                    ns.iunet.it

MU   Mauritius                   P                    gopher gopher.psg.com

MV   Maldives

MW   Malawi                      F

MX   Mexico                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      mtecv1.mty.itesm.mx 

MY   Malaysia               FI B *                    mimos.my

MZ   Mozambique                  *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

NA   Namibia                     *             <postmaster@grumpy.cs.unam.na>

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

NC   New Caledonia (Fr.)         *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

NE   Niger                       *    in .fr domain   gopher gopher.psg.com

NF   Norfolk Island

NG   Nigeria                     F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

NI   Nicaragua              FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

NL   Netherlands            FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

NO   Norway                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

NP   Nepal                       P    via .in domain

NR   Nauru

NU   Niue

NZ   New Zealand            FI   *                    truth.waikato.ac.nz

OM   Oman

PA   Panama                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com 

PE   Peru                   FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

PF   Polynesia (Fr.)             *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

PG   Papua New Guinea            *                    munnari.oz.au

PH   Philippines            FI   *                    ns.uu.net

PK   Pakistan                    *        Imran Anwar <imran@panix.com> 

PL   Poland                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net 

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

PM   St. Pierre & Miquelon

PN   Pitcairn

PR   Puerto Rico (US)       FI B *                    sun386-gauss.pr

PT   Portugal               FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet gopher.ripe.net

PW   Palau

PY   Paraguay                    *                    ns.uu.net

QA   Qatar

RE   Reunion (Fr.)          FI   *    In .fr domain   inria.inria.fr

RO   Romania                FI B *                    roearn.ici.ac.ro

RU   Russian Federation     FI B *    Ex-USSR         

RW   Rwanda                      F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

SA   Saudi Arabia              B *    GulfNet         gopher gopher.psg.com

SB   Solomon Islands

SC   Seychelles                  *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

SD   Sudan                       F                   

SE   Sweden                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

SG   Singapore              FI B *                    gopher solomon.technet.sg

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

SH   St. Helena

SI   Slovenia               FI   *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

SJ   Svalbard & Jan Mayen IsFI   *     in .no domain

SK   Slovakia (Slovak Rep)  FI B *                    gopher gopher.ripe.net

                                                      telnet ns.ripe.net

SL   Sierra Leone

SM   San Marino

SN   Senegal                     *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

SO   Somalia

SR   Suriname                    *                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

ST   St. Tome and Principe

SU   Soviet Union           FI B *    Still used.     <hostmaster@ussr.eu.net> 

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

SV   El Salvador                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

SY   Syria

SZ   Swaziland                   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

TC   Turks & Caicos Islands

TD   Chad

TF   French Southern Terr.

TG   Togo                        *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

TH   Thailand               FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      chulkn.chula.ac.th

TJ   Tadjikistan                      Ex-USSR         

TK   Tokelau      

TM   Turkmenistan                *    Ex-USSR in .su domain         

TN   Tunisia                FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      alyssa.rsinet.tn

TO   Tonga

TP   East Timor

TR   Turkey                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

                                                      knidos.cc.metu.edu.tr

TT   Trinidad & Tobago           *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

TV   Tuvalu

TW   Taiwan                 FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com 

TZ   Tanzania                    F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

UA   Ukraine                FI   *    UA Network Enq. <domain-master@cs.kiev.ua>

UG   Uganda                      F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

UK   United Kingdom         FI B *    ISO 3166 is GB  telnet news.janet.ac.uk

                                                      gopher news.janet.ac.uk

                                    UK Network Enq. <liaison@nsfnet-relay.ac.uk>

                                                      gopher gopher.psg.com

UM   US Minor outlying Isl.

US   United States          FI   *    see note (4)    venera.isi.edu

UY   Uruguay                FI B *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

UZ   Uzbekistan                       Ex-USSR

VA   Vatican City State

VC   St.Vincent & Grenadines     P                    upr1.upr.clu.edu

VE   Venezuela              FI   *                    nisc.jvnc.net

VG   Virgin Islands (British)

VI   Virgin Islands (US)         *                    

VN   Vietnam                     P                   

VU   Vanuatu                     *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

WF   Wallis & Futuna Islands

WS   Samoa

YE   Yemen

YT   Mayotte

YU   Yugoslavia             FI B *    Bitnet is cut   klepec.yunac.yu

ZA   South Africa           FI   *                    gopher gopher.psg.com

ZM   Zambia                      F                    gopher gopher.psg.com

ZR   Zaire

ZW   Zimbabwe                    *                    gopher gopher.psg.com


See Note [5] for the next top level domains (rs.internic.net):


ARPA Old style Arpanet           *    alias still works ns.nic.ddn.mil

COM  Commercial             FI   *                    telnet whois.internic.net

EDU  Educational            FI B *                    telnet whois.internic.net

GOV  Government             FI   *                    telnet whois.internic.net

INT  International field    FI   *    used by Nato    ns1.cs.ucl.ac.uk

MIL  US Military            FI   *                    ns.nic.ddn.mil

NATO Nato field                  *    soon to be deleted ???

NET  Network                FI   *                    telnet whois.internic.net

ORG  Non-Profit OrganizationFI   *                    telnet whois.internic.net


+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

DISCLAIMER: while every effort is made to provide accurate information,

this list is not guaranteed to be accurate. This document is in NO WAY

an official document. The information given should not be used as a basis

for routing tables but only as general end-user information. This is a

voluntary effort. I would appreciate greatly if errors/omissions could

be pointed out to me and they would be corrected in the next release. 

The information included in this document implies no view whatsoever

regarding questions of sovereignty or the status of any place listed.

Affiliation to Imperial College is given for identification purposes only.



-- 

Olivier M.J. Crepin-Leblond, Digital Comms. Section, Elec. Eng. Department

 Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BT, UK

       Internet/Bitnet:  <foobar@ic.ac.uk>  -  <foobar@gih.co.uk>     


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