Scrabble FAQ

From stevena@cs.berkeley.edu Fri Sep 23 00:28:40 1994
From: stevena@cs.berkeley.edu (Steven Alexander)
Newsgroups: rec.games.board,rec.puzzles.crosswords,rec.answers,news.answers
Subject: Scrabble FAQ - General Information
Supersedes: <33bicv$9do@agate.berkeley.edu>
Followup-To: rec.games.board
Date: 15 Sep 1994 20:31:26 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
Reply-To: stevena@cs.berkeley.edu (Steven Alexander)
NNTP-Posting-Host: kazoo.cs.berkeley.edu
Summary: Frequently Asked Questions and their answers on the game Scrabble.
Keywords: Scrabble
Originator: stevena@kazoo.CS.Berkeley.EDU

Last-modified: 15 September 1994
Archive-name: games/scrabble-faq/general


Scrabble Frequently Asked Questions


This article is posted monthly to rec.games.board,
rec.puzzles.crosswords, rec.answers and news.answers.
An experimental hypertext version is available in
"http://father.ludd.luth.se/~lln/scrabble-FAQ.html".

Plain text copies are available for anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu
in the directory /pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/rec/games/board, under the
name Scrabble_FAQ_-_Club_and_Tournament_Supplement (and
Scrabble_FAQ_-_General_Information for the companion part).

If you have better information on any of these topics, please
contact me.  Send all comments to stevena@cs.berkeley.edu with "FAQ"
in the subject.

1.    What this FAQ covers
2.    The trademark Scrabble
3.    Organized Scrabble activity
3.1.     National Scrabble Association and Association of Premier
         Scrabble Players
3.2.     Clubs
3.3.     Tournaments
3.3.1.      North American, UK and world championships
3.3.1.1.       Did the North American 1992 champion really give his
               $10,000 prize away to a literacy charity?
3.3.2.      How club and tournament Scrabble differs from the rules
            in the box
3.3.3.      The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary and Official
            Scrabble Words
3.3.3.1.       Why are all those stupid/non-English/indecent words
               allowed?
3.3.3.2.       Current corrections to the OSPD 2nd ed
3.3.3.3.       Current corrections to the Franklin Electronic OSPD
3.3.3.4.       Expurgation of OSPD
3.3.4.      Tournament pairings
3.3.5.      Tournament ratings
3.3.6.      Upcoming tournaments
3.4.     Organizations conducting Scrabble activity outside North
         America and the UK
3.5.     Scrabble by surface mail
3.6      Crossword games on the Internet
3.6.1.      Crossword games servers
3.6.2.      Crossword games mailing list
4.    Differences between Scrabble in North America and in the UK
5.    Publications on Scrabble
5.1.     Periodicals
5.1.1.      Scrabble News
5.1.2.      Rack Your Brain
5.1.3.      Tourney News
5.1.4.      Non-North American periodicals
5.1.4.1.       Onwords
5.1.5.      Defunct periodicals
5.1.5.1.       Letters for Expert Players
5.1.5.2.       Matchups
5.1.5.3.       Medleys
5.2.     Books
5.3.     Word lists
5.4.     Word study software
6.    Basic tactics and methods
7.    Typical games
7.1.     Typical scores
7.2.     Frequency of bingos
8.    Scrabble records
8.1.     Actual
8.2.     Theoretical
8.3.     Blocked games
9.    Scrabble variants
10.   Play-by-mail games
11.   Scrabble paraphernalia
11.1     Tiles
11.2     Clocks
11.3     Miscellaneous
12.   Computer versions of Scrabble
12.1.    CrossWise (IBM PC)
12.2.    Gameboy Super Scrabble (hand-held)
12.3.    Maven (Macintosh)
12.4.    Monty Plays Scrabble (hand-held)
12.5.    Scramble (IBM PC)
12.6.    Tyler (IBM PC, Macintosh)
12.7.    US Gold Scrabble (IBM PC, Amiga, Atari ST)
12.8.    Vic Rice's Game (IBM PC)
12.9.    Virgin Mastertronic (IBM PC, Macintosh)
12.10.   WordsWorth (IBM PC)
12.11.   STrabbler (Atari)
12.12.   Unix Scrabble (Unix)
12.13    CRAB (Unix, Sun, Vax and Macintosh)
13.   Glossary
A0.   Copyright
A1.   Credits

[In the supplement:]
A2.   Roster of clubs in the US and Canada
A3.   Upcoming North American tournaments
A4.   Contacts for major Scrabble organizations worldwide


1.    What this FAQ covers

This article is about English language Scrabble, or more properly,
Scrabble Brand Crossword Game.  It is North American-centric (and to
a lesser extent covers the UK), but information regarding English
language Scrabble played anywhere is welcome.


2.    The trademark Scrabble

Scrabble is a registered trademark owned in the United States and
Canada by Milton Bradley Company, a division of Hasbro, Inc.  In
Great Britain and everywhere else in the world, by J.W. Spear & Sons
PLC.

Selchow & Righter, listed as the US owner on many of your boards, was
bought -- in good health -- by Coleco, which shortly went into
bankruptcy due to the collapse of the market for their Cabbage Patch
dolls.  Coleco also led itself to bankruptcy by losing a fortune on
the Adam home computer flop, and the unexpected (to them) slowdown in
Trivial Pursuit sales.  (Trivial Pursuit was marketed in the US by
Selchow & Righter).  Coleco was bought up by Milton Bradley, which
was in turn gobbled up by Hasbro.

In North America, technically, the term Scrabble refers to any game
or related product Milton Bradley cares to label that way, while the
popular board game is "Scrabble Crossword Game".  Most people --
including Milton Bradley's own publication -- use the term Scrabble
to refer to that game, and so will this FAQ.


3.    Organized Scrabble activity
3.1.     National Scrabble Association and Association of Premier
         Scrabble Players

The National Scrabble Association ("NSA") is the only organization
running Scrabble activity in North America.  It is a subsidiary of
Milton Bradley.  NSA licenses tournament and club directors.  Club
and tournament play, except for the national and world championships,
is sanctioned but not run by NSA.  Non-members are supposed to be
charged an extra $5 at tournaments, but this is not consistently
done.

Membership is $15 per year in the US, $20 (US) in Canada, and $25
elsewhere, by postal money order outside the US.

            National Scrabble Association
            c/o Williams & Company
    120 Front St Garden
            Box 700
            Greenport, NY 11944
            (516) 477-0033
    (516) 477-0294 fax

In the UK, the Association of Premier Scrabble Players ("APSP"),
while not owned by the UK copyright and trademark holder, is bound
to it by a licensing agreement.  The APSP organizes many tournaments.
It may be reached at

    APSP
            36 Longacre
            Woodthorpe
            Nottingham, NG5 4JS
            United Kingdom

Membership in APSP costs #7.50 per year; members receive a newsletter
six times per year.  Its chairman, Graeme Thomas, may be reached by
e-mail at gvt@uniplex.co.uk.


3.2.     Clubs

Clubs normally play Scrabble according to tournament rules, although
sometimes accommodation for newcomers includes allowing them to refer
to lists of two- and three-letter words for their first couple of
visits.

The current roster of active North American clubs, according to the
most recent listing from the National Scrabble Association, is an
Appendix to this FAQ.  Some of the listings may be out of date, so
call the person listed before trying to attend.

For clubs in the UK, contact

        Philip Nelkon
        J.W. Spear & Sons PLC
        Richard House
        Enstone Road
        Enfield, Middlesex
        England EN3 7TB
tel +44 81 805 4848


3.3.     Tournaments
3.3.1.      North American, UK and world championships

"National Scrabble Championships", really for North America, are held
by the National Scrabble Association in even years.  North American
players were eligible for entry in 1994 if they had played in at
least one rated tournament.  Players from elsewhere entered without
condition.

In odd years, an invitational "World Championship" is held.  The 1993
World Championship was held in August in New York; the 1995
Championship is planned for London.  North American entrants qualify
by rating or performance in designated qualifying tournaments.

In the UK, Spear runs the National Scrabble Championship.  Several
regional events (apparently open only to UK residents) are used as
qualifiers for the national final.

Also in the UK, the APSP organizes a 17-game British Matchplay
Scrabble Championship held each August.  It is open to all.


3.3.1.1.    Did the North American 1992 champion really give his
            $10,000 prize away to a literacy charity?

Yes.  By pre-arrangement, since Joe Edley also is vice president of
NSA, he agreed to give away any money he won in the 1992 championship
to an appropriate charity.  He presented his $10,000 prize for first
place to Literacy Volunteers of America.


3.3.2.      How club and tournament Scrabble differs from the rules
            in the box

Club and tournament Scrabble games are always two-player games.

Both players must keep score.  A bag is used for tiles (not the box
lid).  Chess clocks are used to time the game and each player is
allowed a total of 25 minutes to make all of his or her moves in the
game.  If a player's time limit is exceeded, the game continues but
the player is penalized 10 points for each minute over the time
limit.

The validity of words is determined, in North America (and some other
places, including Israel and Thailand) by the Official Scrabble
Players Dictionary, and in the UK by Official Scrabble Words.  Most
other places use Official Scrabble Words, although some (including
New Zealand and most states of Australia) use both.  (These
references are described in section 3.3.3.)

When a player challenges one or more words in his or her opponent's
move, the clock is stopped while a third party (usually a club or
tournament director) looks up the challenged words (which the
challenger must specify) to determine whether the move is valid.  If
a challenged word is unacceptable, the play is removed and the player
loses that turn.  In North American play, the maker of an erroneous
challenge loses a turn; in the UK, and most of Australia, they do
not.

There are no "house rules" that many social players use, such as free
exchange of four of a kind, or claiming blanks off the board by
substituting for them.

Once there are fewer than seven tiles left in the bag, no exchanging
of tiles is allowed.  Passing is allowed at any time.

At the end of a North American game, when one player uses all his or
her tiles with none remaining in the bag, he or she receives double
the value of the opponent's remaining tiles.  In the UK, as specified
in the box, that value is added to and subtracted from the players'
respective scores.  Both methods result in the same spread.

Ties are not broken.  (The box rules don't mention this possibility.)

If the two players take six consecutive turns without successfully
placing any tiles on the board - due to any combination of
challenges, passes and exchanges -- the game ends, and both players
lose the value of the tiles on their racks.  A game in which neither
player can make a play ends this way, although the players may simply
agree that the game is over without going through all six turns.

The box rules do not mention whether one can make written notes
during the game.  In tournaments and clubs, players are allowed to
write anything they wish on their score sheet.  One use of written
notes is to keep track of which tiles have been played, allowing one
to know which tiles remain to be played.  This is known as tile-
tracking, and players may use preprinted score sheets that show the
tile distribution as an aid to tile-tracking.


3.3.3.      The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary and Official
            Scrabble Words

The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary ("OSPD"), published by
Merriam-Webster, is the official dictionary used for all tournament
and club play.  The OSPD first was published in 1978.  It includes
all words of eight or fewer letters, and simplifies the settling of
Scrabble word arguments by specifically showing those words'
inflections (plurals of nouns, conjugations of verbs, comparatives
and superlatives of adjectives).  For root words longer than eight
letters, Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth edition, is
used.  (The Tenth came out in May 1993 and replaced the Ninth on
May 1, 1994.)  The OSPD does include inflected forms of up to eight
letters whose roots words are longer.

In 1990, a second edition of the OSPD came out in hardcover.  A
paperback of the OSPD2 came out in June 1993, but the paperback OSPD1
still may be on bookstores' shelves and should be avoided.  Matchups
($1 + $1 shipping, see section 12.6) and Cygnus Cybernetics (see
section 12.1) each publish a complete list of the words added (and
the handful removed) in OSPD2.

The OSPD was created because in the 1950s Selchow & Righter sold the
right to put out Scrabble word lists to Jacob Orleans and Edmund
Jacobson, authors of Scrabble Word Guide, a 1953 book based on the
Funk and Wagnalls Dictionary.  The official publication, Scrabble
News, is still circumspect about publishing word lists, tending to
print them in small chunks to conform to some idea of their remaining
rights.

Parallel to the OSPD for North America, the UK has Official Scrabble
Words ("OSW"), which lists all rules-acceptable words in the Chambers
Dictionary ("Chambers") whose uninflected roots have nine or fewer
letters, and words of nine or fewer letters which are inflections of
longer words.  The third edition of OSW, including words from the
1993 edition of Chambers, came out in September, 1994.  Challenges of
longer words are looked up in Chambers.

For trademark reasons, the OSPD is not sold outside North America,
and OSW is not sold in North America.


3.3.3.1.       Why are all those stupid/non-English/indecent words
               allowed?

The OSPD was formed according to the rules of Scrabble, allowing all
non-capitalized words without apostrophes or hyphens, which are not
designated as foreign.  In a compromise between the number of words
in a standard college dictionary (such as Funk & Wagnalls, in use
before the OSPD) and an unabridged dictionary, the OSPD includes all
words found in at least one of five major college dictionaries,
including a total of nine editions, which in the judgment of Merriam-
Webster's lexicographers (contracted by the trademark holder to do
this) meet the rules.

The dictionaries used for OSPD2 are: Funk & Wagnalls Standard College
Dictionary (1973 printing), American Heritage Dictionary of the
English Language (First College Edition and Second College Edition),
Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary (Merriam-Webster; Eighth and
Ninth editions), Webster's New World Dictionary (Second College
Edition and Third College Edition), Random House College Dictionary
(Original Edition and Revised Edition).

To some extent, this succeeds at capturing the language, not as some
set of Scrabble players would have it, but as it is -- according to
professional lexicographers.


3.3.3.2.       Current corrections to the OSPD 2nd ed.

The cumulative corrections to the OSPD2, all corrected in the most
recent printings, are:

            p16   ALIYAH: -YAHS (not -YAS)
            108   CLAUGHT: -ING (not -INT)
            109   CLEEK: CLAUCHT (not CLAUGHT)
            213   FLANKEN: pl. FLANKEN
            272   HONDLE: -DLED, -DLING, -DLES (not -DLIED or -DLIES)
            273   insert HOOTY adj HOOTIER, HOOTIEST
            321   LEAP: add LEPT as third past
            359   insert MISENROLL v -ED, -ING, -S
            364   MOJO: add MOJOES
            424   PECORINO: -NOS, -NI
            436   PINYIN: delete PINYINS
            451   delete PREFROZE; insert PREFREEZE v -FROZE,
                  -FROZEN, -FREEZING, -FREEZES to freeze beforehand
            481   delete REARMICE; insert REARMOUSE n pl. -MICE
                  reremouse
            477   REFALL: add REFALLS
            488   delete REREMICE; insert REREMOUSE n pl. -MICE a bat
                  (a flying mammal)
            537   SJAMBOK: definition should be "to flog"
            635   UNMESH: -ES (not -S)
            638   UPFRONT adj
            639   URB: pl. URBS
            643   delete VANIR
            675   insert XANTHATE n pl. -S a chemical salt

Some of these "corrections" muddy the rule that all uninflected words
in the OSPD have eight or fewer letters.


3.3.3.3.       Current corrections to the Franklin Electronic OSPD

            additions   deletions
            ---------   ---------
            AMNIA       AMNIONIA
                        BRITISH
            CAUDILLOS   CAUDILLLOS
                        CHEERLEADED
                        CHINESE
                        CHRISTMAS
            CLUBBERS
            CRACKLES    CRACKLEES
            CRIOLLOS    CRIOLLLOS
            EXPIATING
                        GONIONIA
            GRAMS
            HALAZONES
            HIGGLED
            HONDLES     HONDLIES
            HORNBEAMS
                        IRISH
                        ITALIAN
            MACHES
                        MISEATE
            OPALESCING  OPALESCESCING
            OUTDRAGGING
                        OUTEATE
                        OVEREATE
            OVERLIT
            PECORINI
                        PINYINS
            REFALLS
                        S
            SISSIES     SIES
            UNCLOGGING
                        UNDEREATE


3.3.3.4.       Expurgation of OSPD

The NSA intends to reissue OSPD2 in September 1994 omitting those
words labelled as offensive to specific ethnic, racial or sexual
groups, such as the words "dago" and "jew".  Hasbro, the NSA's
parent, gave as major reasons for the change its desire to promote
Scrabble in elementary schools using the OSPD and complaints by
offended ethnic groups.

In effect, adult players will have their playing vocabulary
restricted to those words considered safe for children.  At the same
time some words (e.g. "gyp", "welsh") offend no interest group
recognized by Hasbro, and will not be removed.

This points out the incongruity of a business corporation asserting
control over the set of words acceptable for a game purportedly based
on the set of words in a natural language.  In the UK, where (1) the
source of acceptable words is a dictionary (Chambers) prepared by
professional lexicographers with only lexicographic aims, and (2)
organized play is not under the sole control of the manufacturer,
this could not happen.

In a purported compromise, NSA has stated it intends to allow
competitive play to continue using the unexpurgated OSPD2, and to
supply the need for an in-print copy of the word list by making
All Words (section 5.3) or something similar an official, licensed,
publication.


3.3.4.      Tournament pairings

Most North American tournaments are ranked according to win-loss
record first, followed by the total of point margin in each game.  A
few tournaments score according to a predetermined number of credits
for winning and for each ten points of margin.  Australian
tournaments use total game score as the secondary factor.

In small tournaments or ones in where the field is sufficiently
divided, each player plays every other once.  This is called a round
robin.

In all the other tournament designs, whom one plays depends on where
one stands in the tournament so far.  In the first round, generally
the players' pre-tournament ratings temporarily stand in for the
tournament rank.

The modified form of Swiss pairing used at North American Scrabble
tournaments is best described by example.  Suppose 64 players are at
the tournament.  In round one, the first player plays the 33rd, the
second plays the 34th, etc., and the 32nd plays the 64th.  In round
two, the same top plays middle is used for the top and bottom halves
of the tournament separately: 1 plays 17, 2 plays 18, down to 16
plays 32, and 33 plays 49, down to 48 plays 64.  This continues with
groups shrinking by a factor of two at each round.

Because determining the pairings between rounds can take so long in
this method (computers are fast, but data entry can be slow), often
the field is divided into four groups, instead of two.  So with 64
players, 1 17 33 49 would be grouped together, as would 2 18 34 50,
and 16 32 48 64.  These groups of four then each play a round robin.

Note that this "speed-pairing" method provides the better players an
advantage.  Denote the four quartiles in order as A, B, C, D.  Then
the A player plays a B, C and D, while the D plays an A, B and C;
this tends to reinforce the pre-tournament estimate of the players'
strengths, and thus detracts from the aim of a tournament -- to
recognize performance, not rank.  A simple improvement has rarely
been tried, to have each A player also matched against an A from
another group, etc.  This models the round robin in small, and seems
inherently fairer.  (If anyone has references to scholarly treatments
of the fairness of tournament design, I would be grateful to be
supplied with them, for ongoing research.)

In the UK, most tournaments use a version of the Swiss method in
which at each round players are paired within groups consisting of
those with the same win-loss record.


3.3.5.      Tournament ratings

Using a system based on the Elo system used in chess, North American
tournaments players get a rating in the range 500 to ~2150 which
indirectly represents the probability of winning against other rated
players.  This probability depends only on the difference between the
two players' ratings as follows:

          rating     probability
         difference  of winning
            400       .919
            300       .853
            200       .758
            100       .637
             50       .569
              0       .500
            -50       .431
           -100       .363
           -200       .242
           -300       .147
           -400       .081

This represents the area under the standard bell-shaped curve where
200*sqrt(2) points are taken as one standard deviation.  (The table
shows some sample points on this curve, adequate for good
approximations of rating calculations by interpolation, although
actual calculations use the exact curve.)

To keep current on a player's actual quality of play, the rating is
updated in every tournament played.  First, the number of games one
is expected to win is calculated.  Let's use as an example a two game
tournament, in which player P begins with an 1800 rating, and plays
opponents rated 1900 and 1725.  P's rating is 100 below the 1900
players, so P is expected to win .363 fraction of a game; P's rating
is 75 above the other player's, so P is expected to win .603 of a
game (halfway between .637 and .569).

So in the two games, P is expected to win a total of .966 games.
Let's say P won one game.  That's .034 more than expected.  P's
rating goes up some constant multiple of this number.  Well, actually
it's not a constant, but depends on how many tournament games P has
ever played and how high P's rating is.

                        games played
           Rating       < 50    >=50
           below 1800    30      20
            1800-1999    24      16
            2000 & up    15      10

The UK ratings are somewhat similar but simpler: the probability of
the better player winning is taken as 50% plus the rating difference
as a percent, but no larger than 90%.

The Australian rating system is the same as the North American.


3.3.6.      Upcoming tournaments

For a listing of upcoming North American tournaments, see the
Appendix.


3.4.     Organizations conducting Scrabble activity outside North
         America and the UK

Membership in the Australian Scrabble Players Association, which is
independent of the trademark holder, is $10 per year ($8 in some
states).  It publishes 'Across the Board', which has columns on
playing, and tournament listings.  It may be reached at

            The Scrabble Enquiry Centre
            PO Box 405
            Bentleigh, 3204
            Australia
            (03) 510 9381

    Australian Scrabble Players Association
    3 Ocean St
    Ormond, Victoria, 3204
    Australia
    (03) 578 6767

In Israel, English language Scrabble is played by several clubs.
There is a large one in Jerusalem.  Tournaments are rated under a
copy of the North American system.  There are occasional national
tournaments.  Sam Orbaum, who once wrote a weekly Scrabble column for
the Jerusalem Post, runs the Jerusalem club, which meets at ICCY, 12
Emek-Refaim Street, Jerusalem at 7:30pm JST Tuesdays.  He can be
reached at (02)767967 (H), (02)315678 (W).

The Thailand National English language Scrabble tournament has drawn
as many as 885 contestants, including some top North Americans.

Nigeria and Japan each have an active English language Scrabble
tournament scene.

For addresses of many English language Scrabble organizations and
contacts, see the Appendix.


3.5.     Scrabble by surface mail

Postal Scrabble for residents of the US and Canada is conducted by
Nick Ballard (former publisher of Medleys), under the name "Letter
Getters".  Letter draws are supplied in advance, but decoded upon
drawing tiles.  For 2/4/6/8 game events, $13/$21/$29/$37 (+ $1 per
event for Canadian entrants).  Players are rated in a system based
on the North American rating system.

            Nick Ballard
            3814 Ashworth Av N
            Seattle, WA 98103
            (206) MED-LEYS


3.6      Crossword games on the Internet
3.6.1.      Crossword games servers

Two servers dedicated to playing crossword games (with boards
configurable by the players) are available by telnet at
next7.cas.muohio.edu, port 8888 (this means to reach it under Unix,
type "telnet next7.cas.muohio.edu 8888") and seabass.st.usm.edu, port
7777.


3.6.2.      Crossword games mailing list

To be added to the crossword-games mailing list, write to
saint@mit.edu, asking to be placed on crossword-games@mit.edu.
Active tournament players can be on crossword-games-pro@mit.edu.


4.    Differences between Scrabble in North America and in the UK

OSW and Chambers govern Scrabble play in the UK.  Australia is
moving toward "double dictionary" play, where words from either
Chambers or OSPD are accepted.  Some clubs in North America are
considering making this at least optional.  An added impetus for
this trend is the planned expurgation of OSPD.

In the UK, a player erroneously challenging suffers no penalty.

The UK has a second form of Scrabble play that is waning: high-score
tournaments, where only the total of one's own scores matters.  Since
one's "opponents'" scores are irrelevant, play in this system aims
for open boards and encourages elaborate setups often independently
mined by the two players.


5.    Publications on Scrabble
5.1.     Periodicals
5.1.1.      Scrabble News

This is a publication of the National Scrabble Association (see
section 3.1), and comes with the $15 annual membership.

Puzzles, contests, gossip, intermediate and advanced tactics,
official information from NSA and Milton Bradley, tournament listings
and tournament results.


5.1.2.      Rack Your Brain

Subtitled "Analysis of your favorite crossword game", Brian
Sheppard's series of booklets deeply analyzes specific positions.
By the author of the program Maven (section 12.3), which is an
important tool for move analysis.  $42 for one year, $5 each.

            Brian Sheppard
            296 Old Marlboro Road
            Concord, MA 01742


5.1.3.      Tourney News


This provides mostly tournament results listings, with bits of
discussion of tactics, issues and occasional word lists.  $18 per
year in the US, $C24 in Canada, $35 US elsewhere.

    Tourney News
    Box 2013
    Teaticket, MA 02536
    70750.3724@compuserve.com


5.1.4.      Non-North American periodicals
5.1.4.1.       Onwords

Billing itself as the "Scrabble Enthusiasts' Magazine", this is the
only publication substantially written by more than one person.  It
features numerous columns, lists, analyses, letters and tournament
reports.  Subscriptions are #6 for 6 issues in the UK, #10 elsewhere.

            Allan Simmons
            Onwords Magazine
            Shilling House
            1 Woolmer Hill
            Haslemere
            Surrey, GU27 1LT
            United Kingdom

5.1.4.2.       APSP Newsletter

The newsletter of the APSP, section 3.1.


5.1.5.      Defunct periodicals
5.1.5.1.       Letters for Expert Players

This letter-form publication, which ceased in December 1986, still
forms a rich mine of top expert opinion on interesting positions.
Back issues may (possibly) still be available from:

            Albert Weissman
            11 White Rock Road
            Westerly, RI 02891


5.1.5.2.       Matchups

Besides detailed tournament results, Matchups picked up from the
Letters in using a panel of experts to annotate interesting
positions.  Suspended publication in July 1991.  Back issues may be
available.  See section 12.6.


5.1.5.3.      Medleys

Probably the highlight of this well-edited, entertainingly written
monthly were the game annotations.  One game per month was annotated
in full.  Three interesting positions were analyzed by readers, with
quotes.  Word lists, study techniques, anecdotes, humor and opinions
rounded out the publication.  The only drawback was a long-running
two page tournament advertisement in this 12 page newsletter.

For the 12 issues of 1991 and 1992, $34 each; for 1993, $36; plus $2
shipping ($3 US in Canada).

Also, compiled from the pages of Medleys, "The Art and Science of
Anamonics" [a memory-efficient method for studying which letter 6-
and 7-letter sets anagram to make words with; e.g., the letters of
SLANDER make an 8-letter word with those in CALL GOD A PIOUS CHUMP]
and "Complete 7+1 Anamonics #1-2100".

$5 and $29 respectively; plus $0, $2 shipping.

"Expert Analysis -- Consensus Game" #1, #2, #3, #4, and "Expert
Analysis -- Consensus Extras" vol. 1, vol. 2, $29 each; plus $2
shipping.  Available August and September 1994, respectively.

The second and subsequent least expensive items are charged half the
above shipping costs.

            Nick Ballard
            3814 Ashworth Av N
            Seattle, WA 98103
            (206) MED-LEYS


5.2.     Books

How to Win at Scrabble, Jacob Orleans & Edmund Jacobson.  1953,
Grosset & Dunlap.  Out of print.

The Champion's Guide to Winning at Scrabble, Joel Wapnick.  Best for
advanced players, with sophisticated analyses of many positions and
good study techniques.  Out of print.

The Ultimate Guide to Winning Scrabble, Michael Lawrence & John Ozag,
(Bantam).  Good for beginners to intermediates; covers many of the
basic approaches to analysis.  Out of print, but may be available
>from Edward R. Hamilton, a mail-order remainder bookseller.

Scrabble Tournament Success, a booklet focusing on the thought
processes which can help intermediate players improve.  Available
>from the author, an excellent player, for $7 + $1 shipping.

            Darrell Day
    Marketing Concepts
            5 Westglen Place
            Plano, TX 75074

World Championship Scrabble, Gyles Brandreth & Darryl Francis
(Chambers).  Twenty-two annotated games from the 1991 World
(English language) Scrabble Championship, which was played using
words in OSW or OSPD.  In bookstores, or $7.95 + $3.50 shipping from
Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1.

The Word Game Power Workout, Rita Norr & Audrey Tumbarello (Perigee,
Putnam Publ.) (new, Oct 1993).  Endeavors to teach words "through
trivia, word meanings, riddles, mnemonics, and geography."  This book
appears useful for breaking the reader through to thinking in terms
of anagrams, hooks, prefixes, suffixes and extensions.  Also includes
four pages of well thought out, dense suggestions for better Scrabble
play.  In bookstores, or $10.95 + $3.50 shipping from Cygnus
Cybernetics, section 12.1.

British Scrabble books:

Official Scrabble Words (Chambers)
  Comprehensive listing of 2- to 9-letter words in the official
  Scrabble word reference, the Chambers dictionary.
Championship Scrabble, Alan Richter
Play Better Scrabble, Michael Goldman
Scrabble, Darryl Francis
The Scrabble Book, Gyles Brandreth
  covers both British & North American Scrabble
  available, $5.99 + $4 shipping, from Cahill & Co., (800) 755-8531
The Scrabble Puzzle Book, Gyles Brandreth
Scrabble World Championship, Gyles Brandreth and Darryl Francis


5.3.     Word lists

Since the list of words from a dictionary has uncertain copyright
status, people having lists of the words from the major dictionaries
for personal use shy away from sharing them.  There is, however, a
copy of the OSPD2 two to eight letter words available for ftp from
gatekeeper.dec.com in /.3/msdos-misc/crossword-archive.

Numerous lists and other items are available from Cygnus Cybernetics
(see section 12.1).

The Blank Book, 2nd ed., Alan Frank
  Shows all letters with which each set of six and seven letters
  anagrams to make a word.  Also specifies whether more than one word
  can be formed.  Spiral bound.  $20 + $3 shipping from Matchups,
  section 12.6.

The Olde-Fashioned Anagram Book, Alan Frank
  All 2- to 8-letter words anagrammed according to their alphabetized
  letter sets.  Spiral bound.  $15 + $3 shipping (or $32.50 + $4.50
  shipping together with the Blank Book 2nd ed. above) from Matchups,
  section 12.6.

The Weird Book, Alan Frank
  Features such retrograde lists as words with weird trigrams, high
  probability racks forming 7- and 8-letter words with only one low
  probability tile, and words displaying all ways of forming plurals
  (e.g. LIKUTA MAKUTA, ZLOTY ZLOTYCH).  $10 + $3 shipping from
  Matchups, section 12.6.

The Complete Blankbook, Mike Baron & Jim Homan
  Lists all 6- and 7-letter sets forming 7- and 8-letter words and
  all bingos formed.   In US, postage paid: $42.50/39.98/39.95/38.00
  each when ordering 1/2/3-9/10.  In Canada, add $5 per address,
  elsewhere $10.  Wordbooks & Listmats, P.O. Box 2848, Corrales NM
  87048-2848.

All Words, Jim Homan
  All 2- thru 9-letter words accepted in North American play.  $12 +
  $3.50 shipping from Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1.

Back-Words, Jim Homan
  All 2- thru 9-letter words accepted in North American play
  alphabetized from the back.  $12 + $3.50 shipping from Cygnus
  Cybernetics, section 12.1.

9-Letter Hooks and Anagrams, Jim Homan
  Shows what letters extend 8- to 9-letter words, and letter sets
  forming all 9-letter words.  $10 + $3.50 shipping from Cygnus
  Cybernetics, section 12.1.

High Probability Bingos, Jim Homan
  The 1000 most likely 7- and 8-letter words to draw to an empty
  rack.  Also, the 1000 7- and 8-letter words most often played by
  a computer in a substantial sample of games.  $3.25 + $3.50
  shipping from Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1.

JQXZ Bingos, Jim Homan
  7-, 8- and 9-letter words containing the four top tiles.  $3.25 +
  $3.50 shipping from Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1.

The Family Bingo Tree
  Similar to the two above, it groups together all 7- and 8-letter
  words formable from each 6-letter set.  Contact Randy Hersom
  (section 5.4).

Double List Word Book, Ethel Cannon Sherard
  OSPD1 based, alphabetically by word length and by last letter.  Has
  numerous omissions.  Gwethine Publishing Co, P.O. Box 41344, Los
  Angeles, CA 90041.

The Scrabble Word-building Book, Saleem Ahmed; $5.99
  Inconsistent in inclusion of new OSPD2 words; numerous errors.

The Official Scrabble Word Finder, Robert Schachner; $7.00
  This is useless for Scrabble.

Official Scrabble Word Guide.  Grosset & Dunlap, Jacob Orleans; $6.95
  This 1953 book, still found in stores, is based roughly on the Funk
  & Wagnalls dictionary then current.

Official Scrabble Lists
  For the UK; lists based on OSW; many useful playing hints.  A
  second edition will come out in 1995, containing the words from
  OSW3.  Available in the same places as OSW.

Word List 1993
  Lists based on OSW + OSPD, listing all words up to 8 letters in
  length.
            Geoff Wright
    11 Peter St
    Box Hill North
    Victoria 3129
    Melbourne, Australia

Official Scrabble Words on Compact Disk
  This is supplied for Sony's Data Diskman.  Search facilities are
  reportedly poor.

Official Scrabble Players Electronic Dictionary
  Produced by Franklin, this credit-card sized device contains the
  OSPD2.  It does anagram queries and queries with blanks in fixed
  position.  Some proper nouns have crept in as acceptable words,
  apparently from careless scanning of the printed OSPD2.  Available
  for $48.00 + $5.00 shipping from Cygnus Cybernetics (see section
  12.1; this is the only supplier that ships each device with a card
  listing all the current corrections -- for which, see section
  3.3.3.3), or $59.99 from Radio Shack.

  It was rumored in 1993 that the Franklin OSPD might be withdrawn
  because of wrangling between Franklin and Milton Bradley about the
  proceeds, but nothing has been heard about this since.


5.4.     Word study software

Word Study System (IBM PC), $99 at last information, is at least a
bit difficult to configure, but a very effective study system.

  Jeff Widergren
  19397 Zinfandel Ct.
  Saratoga, CA

LexAbility (IBM PC), besides an anagram study system, includes a
feature allowing play of Scrabble by modem.  $50 postpaid in US and
Canada.

  Randy Hersom
  115A Rhyne St
  Morgantown, NC 28655
  rhersom@delphi.com

Puzlpack (IBM PC), $20.

  Chuck Fendall
  Recroom Recware
  P.O. Box 307
  Pacific Grove, CA 93950

Anna (IBM PC), $99, quizzes on anagrams, emphasizing words missed
over time, allows custom lists as well as functioning as an
anagrammer.

  Mary Rhoades
  2325 Shady Grove Dr
  Bedford, TX 76021
  (817) 545-3216

The Helper (Amiga), $10, performs several types of word searches, and
allows saving generated lists to disk for editing or printing.

  Jerry D. Hedden
  P.O. Box 422
  Mt. Laurel, NJ 08054

LeXpert (Windows), $59.95 (+ $4.95 shipping), tests on or presents a
timed slide show of various predefined anagram and hook word lists;
lists words containing patterns or letter sets.  Current users will
receive an upgrade soon offering more flexibility, such as random or
alphabetic presentation of letters, and more defined lists (by number
of vowels, by number of anagrams).

  Everything's Possible
  6632 Telegraph Rd, Suite 166
  Bloomfield Hills, MI 48301
  (810) 489-9422
  (810) 489-9423 fax

Word Ear-Obics, $10 for each of three cassettes, which contain high-
frequency seven-letter words from common six-letter stems, eight-
letter words from the stem AEINST, and four and five letter JKQXZ
words with hooks.

  4414 Sparta Way
  N Las Vegas, NV 89030
  (702) 656-7570


6.    Basic tactics and methods

Rack Balance

  Some groups of letters combine well, others poorly.  Most
  obviously, racks full of vowels or of consonants are usually hard
  to play.  Also, racks with duplicate letters -- even "good" letters
  (except most often S and sometimes E) -- reduce flexibility.
  Therefore, give weight in evaluating possible plays to how well the
  leave combines.

  As a corollary, also consider what replacement tiles you're likely
  to draw.  For example, if the choice between playing FARM and FORM
  is otherwise indifferent, and there are many "A"s unplayed but few
  "O"s, use the A to minimize the likelihood of duplication on the
  next rack.

  The simplest application of attending to leave is attempting to
  keep good tiles.  On average, S, E, R, and so on form words most
  flexibly, and are particularly conducive to bingos.  Choices
  between letters lower down also matter: P is better than B.  But
  racks with Z or X tend to score high without playing long words.
  Which type of "good" letter is best to keep varies.

  In applying all these ideas, consider the board situation.  If
  there is a prime spot for a T, not used by the candidate plays, but
  none for an S, prefer to play off the S.  If the letters available
  to be played through are mostly consonants, lean further toward
  keeping vowels.

Tile-tracking

  Since the set of tiles in a game is always the same, knowing what
  is left is as useful to the Scrabble player as to the card-counting
  blackjack player -- only easier.  While some find tracking hurts
  their concentration, after practice, most do it without disruption.
  Others count only when they see a specific need.

  Tracking allows better rack balancing: knowing there are many more
  "A"s than "O"s outstanding allows one to lean toward playing an A.
  It keeps one aware of whether the Q is outstanding, and of the risk
  and opportunity in other tiles which fit particularly well or
  poorly with the board.

  Finally, once no tiles remain in the bag, tracking determines what
  exactly is on the opponent's rack.  Just before the bag is empty,
  it allows fairly confident guessing what the opponent has.  These
  allow all kinds of end-game play: set-ups, plays to assure the
  opponent cannot go out and enable one to throw out all rules of
  thumb and simply analyze cases for how to win.

Challenging

  One of the tactical considerations for challenging is not special
  to Scrabble.  If the only way you can lose is to challenge your
  opponent's word, refrain.  If winning requires a successful
  challenge (plus perhaps some further luck) and there is any chance
  the word is phony, challenge.

  It is generally best not to challenge a bingo if an alternative
  bingo was playable.  I once played (P)SCHENT for several fewer
  points than CH(A)STEN because I knew my opponent would be outraged
  that I'd try such a stupid word on him.  He should have calmed his
  emotions and considered my alternatives.  Of course, had he found
  the over ten point better play, he might have inferred I had missed
  it, and challenged.

  Consider the possibility that you are better off with the
  (possibly) phony word on the board.  If it creates a lucrative
  opening for you, makes especially good use of your rack, or wastes
  your opponent's blank, offset the point benefit to you against the
  benefit to opponent of not losing this turn.  Weight this
  calculation using your degree of certainty as to whether the word
  is good.

  Use your right to challenge all words formed.  Since the director
  gives only one ruling on the acceptability of all challenged words,
  your opponent may be uncertain which word was phony and try the bad
  word again.

Study

  The great variety in learning styles prevents any definitive
  recommendation of study methods, but there are some principles.

  Study the words most likely to occur.  Know the two-letter words
  cold, since they are essential to common parallel plays.  On the
  way to learning the three-letter words solidly, learn all front and
  back extensions for the twos.  Learning the part of speech and the
  meaning of the two-letter words helps many people assimilate this;
  it is a technique that allows many to derive dual benefit from all
  kinds of study.

  Also extra likely to occur because of the reward, as well as worthy
  of special study simply because of the reward, are the seven- and
  eight-letter words.  Many techniques are possible.

  One top player has memorized an ordered list of these words each of
  which is the first element of one of a set of subsidiary lists
  which encompass the entire set of bingos.  That method is only for
  the very dedicated.  Practice anagramming by matching the remaining
  letters to a common suffix or prefix.  Some claim success in
  extending this technique to allow recognition of words which, for
  example, contain the letters ING but form only a non-"-ING" word,
  such as LINGOES.

  Unless you have a photographic memory, try to learn words in small
  enough sets that you can master them to the point that you
  recognize both when you can and cannot anagram to one of them.  For
  example, learn the list of all eight letter words containing
  exactly the vowels EEIIO (EOLIPILE and others).  Then the phony
  OLEINIZE will not get by you, nor will you try it yourself.

  Practice anagramming at any time there are words around you whose
  meaning you do not need to concentrate on.  This will soon take
  over your life so that even reading the newspaper, SENATOR will
  translate to TREASON and ATONERS, deeply affecting your world-view.

  For some very effective techniques, see back issues of Medleys
  (section 5.1.2).


7.    Typical games
7.1.     Typical scores

In a 27 game, 194 participant tournament in 1988, the average score
was 368.6, standard deviation 60.6 and the distribution of scores:

            180       2            420     214
            190       1            430     165
            200       2            440     141
            210       5            450     101
            220      26            460     100
            230      27            470      58
            240      19            480      63
            250      56            490      53
            260      78            500      34
            270     101            510      24
            280     137            520      19
            290     185            530      12
            300     205            540       6
            310     257            550       6
            320     309            560       4
            330     325            570       7
            340     336            580       1
            350     345            590       1
            360     325            600       2
            370     331            610       0
            380     325            620       0
            390     328            630       0
            400     276            640       0
            410     225            650       1


7.2.     Frequency of bingos

In the 1983 national championship among 32 selected players, players
got 2.9 bingos per game between them in games that happened to be
annotated.


8.    Scrabble records
8.1.     Actual

The following records are for sanctioned (that is, in an official
club or tournament) North American play.

The high combined score and the high individual score were both
obtained in a 1993 California tournament by Mark Landsberg, who
scored 770 against his opponent's 335.

The high margin of victory including phonies was by Ken Lambe of
Michigan, who scored 716 versus his opponent's 147, using a single
phony.

The high single turn, 302 points, has been achieved by both Jeff
Clark of Michigan and Ron Manson of Canada.

Longest consecutive opening sequence of bingos by one player:
Jeremiah Mead of Massachusetts played five in a 1989 North American
championship tournament game.


8.2.     Theoretical

These records allow words only from the OSPD (1st ed.) and
Merriam-Webster (9th ed.).

The highest single scoring play, found by Kyle Corbin, shown with the
hooked words:

        A1  OXYPHENBUTAZONE  1458
        1A  OPACIFYING         63
        2A  XIS                10
        4A  PREINTERVIEWED     26
        8A  BLADDERLIKE        57
        11A AFORETHOUGHT       18
        12A ZONETIME           29
        15A EJACULATING        63
           +bonus              50

The highest combined score, found by Steven Root of Massachusetts:

        H2  LANKEST            74
        8F  METRICAL           60
        8A  GRAVIMETRI(C)ALLY 293
        2F  SULTANA(S)         61
        1E  HE, ES              7
        1E  HEN, NU             8
        1I  UT, UT, TA          6
        1I  UTA, AN             5
        1M  ON OS               3
        L2  AR                  2
        L2  ARF                12
        1A  OXYPHENBUTAZONE,
             BLANKEST, ZARF  1576
        5E  GINKGOES, ZARFS   123
        B1  XI                 18
        O7  PYRUVATE           67
        N14 WE, WE             20
        D8  VERDITER           76
        13B DIT                 8
        B13 DE                  6
        B13 DEI                 4
        15D ROT                 3
        G14 OE, ROTE            6
        13G JOE, JO            35
        I13 BA, JOB            22
        I13 BAH                 8
        14I AI                  4
        K14 LI, AIL             5
        11D DEADWOOD          106
        15A MICROTECHNIQUES,
             IN, PYRUVATES   1264
          +2 times "F"          8


8.3.     Blocked games

The position from which no play is possible no matter what tiles are
held, which is reached with the fewest plays and tiles (found by Jim
Geary of Arizona) is:

             (K)
            K E V
      V O X
       (X)U

Without using blanks, the smallest, found by Rick Wong of California,
is:

              F
     HUP
    FUCI
     PIU


9.    Scrabble variants

In Anagram Scrabble (Clabbers, to some), where in the usual game, a
word in the dictionary may be used, the adjacent tiles need only
anagram to such a word.  If there is a challenge, the challengee must
come up with a single word to which the challenged set of letters
anagrams.  Tiles are still fixed in position once placed.

In an idea discussed in Medleys, called New Scrabble, the role of
luck in the draw of blanks is reduced in that both players have one
blank, not in the bag, which they may use to replenish their rack
once during the game.  No known tournaments have been run with this
variation.

Ecology Scrabble allows recycling blanks, in accordance with a common
"house rule".  See section 3.3.2.

In Duplicate Scrabble, players all play the same board, competing for
high score on each move.  Duplicate tournaments are held in France.


10.   Play-by-mail games

Open-book Scrabble by snail mail is run by Medleys.  (See section
5.1.2 for its address.)  Medleys charges $5 for a round, plus $3 per
game in a round; players participate in from 2 to 8 simultaneous
games.

In the UK, the Postal Scrabble Club is very active.  See the Appendix
for a contact.


11.   Scrabble paraphernalia
11.1     Tiles

Milton Bradley will replace without charge individual lost tiles from
in-print sets sold in North America.  Write to

    Milton Bradley Co
    Attn Customer Service Dept
    443 Shaker Rd
    East Longmeadow, MA 01028

specifying the tiles, set type, and item number of the set.

Standard-issue tiles are "braillable", that is, particular letters
(and especially blanks) can be distinguished inside the bag by feel,
and "false blanks" may be played, since the back of all tiles is the
same as the front of a blank.  Protiles, which are preferred
according to tournament rules, prevent this.  They are long-lasting,
and the seller replaces lost tiles without charge.  Available for $18
+ $3.50 shipping from Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1, or for $18
per set (10% off for 10 or more) from

            Robert Schoenman
            Box 408
            Lake Oswego, OR 97034

For $8.50 per set, Nate Kates will imprint the back of plastic
Protiles with a name of up to 4 or 5 letters.

            Nate Kates
    8170 Reche Canyon Rd
    Colton, CA 92324

In the UK, Spear makes Tournament Tiles, which besides having
thinner, harder to braille ink than the regular Spear tiles, do not
wear as quickly, nor smudge when wet.  Available from Philip Nelkon
(section 3.2) for #6.


11.2     Clocks

Chess clocks, used to time games at clubs and tournaments, are
available where chess paraphernalia is sold, but avoid those analog
models on whose faces the individual minutes past zero are not
marked.

Analog quartz clocks are sold by Cygnus Cybernetics, section 12.1,
for $45 (or $52 for a see-through case) + $5 shipping, and also by
Matchups, $67.50 + $5 shipping, section 12.6.  Wind-up clocks are
sold by Matchups for $37.50 + $5 shipping.

A digital model well suited to Scrabble, called the "SamTimer",
having very large (1 inch) numbers and a slanted face, is sold for
$135 + $3 shipping is sold by

            Sam Kantimathi
    Box 5236
    El Dorado Hills, CA 95762-5236

In the UK, the APSP sells wind-up clocks for #19.


11.3     Miscellaneous

Braille Scrabble is sold in North America by Milton Bradley.  Blind
players do play in tournaments, bringing their own braille sets,
which have visible printed letters.

The Franklin Mint sells a Scrabble set (complete with a copy of the
OSPD2) for $495.  No serious tournament player I know owns one,
except for the winner of a Franklin-sponsored tournament set up to
promote this garish item and the 1993 World (English language)
Champion.  This set is also available in the UK at an even higher
price.

A cover of light plastic mesh for the Deluxe edition of Scrabble
allowing collecting tiles from the board all at once is available
from

            Mary Lou Thurman
            2627 24th St
            Lubbock, TX 79410
            (806) 744-7702

Cygnus Cybernetics supplies a device called TopSpin to make your
supposedly freely turning deluxe Scrabble set turn better.  It is
really just a pair of ball-bearinged metal plates stuck to the
base and top of the board with two-sided thick tape, available at
hardware stores.  From Cygnus (see section 12.1), it is $7.50 +
$3.50 shipping.


12.   Computer versions of Scrabble

There are (1) Scrabble-playing programs licensed in the US and UK;
(2) "crossword game" programs which can be configured to play
Scrabble; and (3) programs which ignore the trademark and copyright
issues.  All are represented below.

For a citation to a publication on efficient Scrabble move finding,
see section 12.13.


12.1.    CrossWise (IBM PC)

A ridiculously fast player which plays at the highest level, twice
having won the international Computer Olympiad at Scrabble.  Highly
configurable, with a professionally programmed interface.  Contains
all OSPD2 words, but no others over eight letters.   (An augmentation
of the dictionary to cover all words up to 15 letters is $12.50.)  No
setup capability; hinting ability is "limited" to showing all moves
in score order.  $35 + $4.50 shipping.

            Cygnus Cybernetics Corporation
            2013 Weathertop
            Fort Collins, CO 80526
            (303) 490-1288
    (303) 493-5370 fax
            info@cygcyb.com

A UK variant of CrossWise is described in section 12.7.

Note that the shipping charge for orders of multiple items is $3.50
for the first $29.99 of merchandise, plus $.50 for each $10.00 up to
a maximum of $6.00.


12.2.    Gameboy Super Scrabble (Nintendo)

Based on American Heritage Dictionary, not OSPD.


12.3.    Maven (Macintosh)

An extremely strong and intelligent player.  Never having entered the
International Computer Olympiad, its strength can't reliably be
compared to Maven's.  The program keeps track of various statistics
about the registered player, so orders must include the name of the
player, and (if available) their current rating.  $75 (+ $5 for non-
US shipment).

    Sheppard Company
    60 Thoreau Street #187
    Concord MA 01742-9116
    (508) 287-0055

An IBM PC version should be coming out later this year.


12.4.    Monty Plays Scrabble (hand-held)

Ritam Corporation.  Originally available for the IBM PC and Apple II,
since 1987 only as a hand-held unit.  Comes with 20,000 words from
OSPD1, upgradable to about 40,000, which is still incomplete.
Deplorable strategy.  The hand-held version requires scrolling around
a small screen to find the board area of interest.  Reportedly
sometimes changes the letter represented by a played blank.
Apparently no longer licensed by Milton Bradley, its current
availability is unknown.


12.5.    Scramble (IBM PC)

This is a very pretty game.  But note this from the documentation:
"Q.  How come I can see my opponent's rack?  Shouldn't it be hidden?
A.  You must be thinking of some other crossword game.  This is
Scramble.  In Scramble, you get to see your opponent's rack."  The
machine player plays for high score on each turn.  While substitution
of a user-provided dictionary for the quite incomplete one supplied
is provided for, this slows down an already slow game.

            Ted Gruber Software
            P.O. Box 13408
            Las Vegas, NV 89112


12.6.    Tyler (IBM PC, Macintosh)

Written for the IBM PC and ported to the Macintosh (not very
smoothly, I am told), this version is distinguished by a complete
OSPD2 and Merriam-Webster dictionary up to 15 letters, with a UK
dictionary also available, by good strategy and by good setup and
hint facilities.  (I regularly use it to automatically critique my
tournament games.)  Unfortunately, the latest version, 3.04 is flaky,
and the author has not been upgrading as frequently as he had been.
$50.

            Matchups
            35 Gardner St
            Arlington, MA 02174
    (617) 661-1007
    alf@world.std.com


12.7.    US Gold Scrabble (IBM PC, Amiga, Atari ST)

Licensed for sale in the UK, this is essentially similar to CrossWise
(section 12.1), but comes with the complete contents of the OSW.
Reviews in the APSP newsletter say "a splendid opponent ... speed is
quite astonishing ... graphics and facilities are excellent."  Cost
is around #30.


12.8.    Vic Rice's Game (IBM PC)

This goes under the name "Scrabble" but for clarity, I'm denominating
it according to its author's name.  Available from

           Vic Rice
           4026 Bayou Grove Dr.
           Seabrook, TX 77586

and from the bulletin board system (BBS) where the author resides:

           Ed Hopper's PC Board
           (713) 782-5454


12.9.    Virgin Mastertronic (IBM PC, Macintosh)

Licensed for sale in the US.  Sold in three versions, about $15, $25
and $35.  The standard version has about 20,000 words from the OSPD1.
The two deluxe versions have the complete OSPD1 with some errors.  In
the IBM PC program, the deluxe version adds VGA graphics.  The $35
version is the deluxe for Windows, which stops running when in the
background.  Reportedly plays at the level of a middling tournament
player, but with no discernable strategy.  Also reportedly very slow,
with the deluxe versions, holding the full OSPD1, taking two to three
minutes per move on a 386/33.


12.10.   WordsWorth (IBM PC)

Shareware version, available for anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.uct.ac.za
in /pub/misc/gc/wwdem.zip, uses a US English dictionary of only
17,000 words, all of no more than six letters.  Registration brings
an 80,000+ word dictionary, and costs 75 S. African Rand, $25 US or
#20.  Currently in version 1.1g.

            Graham Wheeler
            P.O. Box 6680
            Roggebaai
            Cape Town 8012
            South Africa
    gram@sun-2.cs.uct.ac.za


12.11.   STrabbler (Atari)

Shareware, it is available for anonymous ftp from
atari.archive.umich.edu in the directory /atari/Games.  It requires
at least 1MB of memory.  Words are played by click-and-drag using
the mouse.  The program plays solely for high score.  It contains a
45,000 word editable and browsable dictionary.


12.12.   Unix Scrabble (Unix)

Available by anonymous ftp from ftp.doe.carleton.ca in the directory
/pub/scrabble.  This program, by James A. Cherry, has to be compiled
for the target machine.  It comes with an American Scrabble
dictionary, for which a single word file in simple ASCII may be
substituted.  Currently in version 1.31.  The player faces from one
to three computer opponents which play for highest score at each
move.


12.13    CRAB (Unix, Sun, Vax and Macintosh)

Based on their article in a research journal:

            The World's Fastest Scrabble Program
            Andrew Appel and Guy Jacobson
            Communications of the A.C.M. v.31 no.5, May 1988

this product from Jacoppel Enterprises (the Unix, Sun, Vax version of
which is currently in version 1.3) appears primarily designed to
demonstrate the speed of their move-finding method, but does permit a
real, player-versus-machine game to be played.  Their method is no
longer the fastest (their timings on more sophisticated machines are
far outdone by CrossWise on a lowly IBM PC), but illuminating
nonetheless.  The Mac version is available at any mirror of the
Info-Mac archive, in the file crab.hqx.


13.   Glossary

Bingo:  A play that uses all seven of a player's tiles, earning a
50-point bonus.  Good tournament players average one to two such
plays per game.  The unlovely term "bingo" is used by North American
players.  British players say "bonus play" or just "bonus".

Double-Double, Triple-Triple:  A play that covers two double word
scores, or triple word scores, respectively, scoring quadruple or
nonuple ("hey, it's in Chambers") the raw score of the word.  In the
UK, "4-timer" and "9-timer".

Exchange:  A turn in which a player trades letters rather than
playing on the board.  This is allowed only when at least 7 tiles
remain in the bag.  In the UK, "change".

Hook:  A play adding one letter to one end of of a word already
played, while creating a main word perpendicular to the extended
word.

Parallel Play:  A play making several words perpendicular to the main
word by extending existing words or inserting letters between
existing tiles.

Pass:  A turn in which a player does nothing.  Compare with exchange.

Phony:  A word played that is not in the official dictionary or
dictionaries.


A0.    Copyright

This article is copyright 1994 Steven Alexander.  It may be copied
and distributed for non-commercial purposes only, provided that this
notice and the instructions for retrieving a current copy are
included.  Archives should offer a current copy, and to that end,
I will e-mail updates to public archive sites which need that.


A1.   Credits

Many thanks to John J. Chew, Jim Homan and Graeme Thomas for numerous
corrections and improvements.  Also to Barry Harridge and Philip F.X.
Ryan for information on Australia.  Thanks also to Edith Berman, Gary
Dismukes, Steven Gordon, Adam Logan, Maggie Morley, Larry Sherman and
Harriet Strasberg for helpful comments.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Steven Alexander
stevena@cs.berkeley.edu

From stevena@cs.berkeley.edu Fri Sep 23 00:28:46 1994
From: stevena@cs.berkeley.edu (Steven Alexander)
Newsgroups: rec.games.board,rec.puzzles.crosswords,rec.answers,news.answers
Subject: Scrabble FAQ - Club and Tournament Supplement
Supersedes: <33bikk$9fh@agate.berkeley.edu>
Followup-To: rec.games.board
Date: 15 Sep 1994 20:47:14 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
Reply-To: stevena@cs.berkeley.edu (Steven Alexander)
NNTP-Posting-Host: kazoo.cs.berkeley.edu
Summary: This supplement to the Frequently Asked Questions concerning
     Scrabble lists clubs and upcoming tournaments within North
     America, and contacts for outside.
Keywords: Scrabble
Originator: stevena@kazoo.CS.Berkeley.EDU
Originator: stevena@kazoo.CS.Berkeley.EDU

Last-modified: 15 September 1994
Archive-name: games/scrabble-faq/supplement


This article is available for anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu in the
directory /pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/rec/games/board, under the name
Scrabble_FAQ_-_Club_and_Tournament_Supplement (and
Scrabble_FAQ_-_General_Information for the companion
part).

An experimental hypertext version is available in
"http://father.ludd.luth.se/~lln/scrabble-FAQ.html".

A2.   Roster of clubs in the US and Canada

ALABAMA

No. 9 MOBILE, AL
Call for information
Sarah Fields (205) 473-2633
453 W Creek Circle Dr
Mobile, AL 36617
Eliza Cooper (205) 457-9416

No. 362 BIRMINGHAM, AL
1st & 3rd Tuesdays @ 6:00 PM
Sharpsburg Manor Clubhouse
Call for information
Jim Pate (205) 822-2438, 226-3644 (W)
701 Bluff Park Rd
Birmingham, AL 35266
Becky Hoffman (205) 853-6528
Althea Huber (205) 942-2422

No. 410 MOBILE, AL
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Quincy's Family Steak House
3871 Airport Blvd
Mobile, AL 36617
Sarah Fields (205) 473-2633
Ervin Byrd (205) 660-6152

ARIZONA

No. 100 MESA, AZ
Wednesdays @ 8:30 AM
Call or write for information
May Haney (602) 833-0261
655 S Mesa Dr
Bldg 6 Apt 1085
Mesa, AZ 85210

No. 110 MESA, AZ
Saturdays @ 1:00 PM
Call or write for information
May Haney (602) 833-0261
655 S Mesa Dr
Bldg 6 Apt 1085
Mesa, AZ 85210

No. 123 PHOENIX, AZ
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Washington Adult Ctr
2240 W Citrus Way
Call for information
Barbara Van Alen (602) 993-7535
Jerry D'Angelo (602) 973-7014
Steve Cheseborough (602) 257-8038

No. 231 SUN LAKES, AZ
Mondays @ 1:00 PM
Club House
25601 N Sun Lakes Blvd
Call for information
Ruth Sturrus (604) 895-1250
9316 N Cactus Ln
Sun Lakes, AZ 85248

No. 303 TUCSON, AZ
Fridays @ 7:00 PM
Clubhouse, Villa Serenas Resort Apts
8111 E Broadway
Tucson, AZ 85720
Naurlene Canterman (602) 886-9258

No. 390 TUCSON, AZ
Sundays @ 12:00 PM
Call for information
Lewis Saul (602) 623-3957
1263 S Bison Dr
Tucson, AZ 85713

No. 405 SCOTTSDALE, AZ
Tuesdays @ 6:00 PM
Scottsdale Pima Motel
7330 N Pima Rd
Bonnie Rudolph (602) 946-5326
Lillian Goldfine (602) 860-0890
Florence Ziegler (602) 994-1172

ARKANSAS

No. 249 JONESBORO, AR
1st & 3rd Tuesdays @ 1:30 PM
Mercantile Bank
300 S Church St
Jonesboro, AR
Billie P Garver (501) 486-5857
Rte #2 Box 256
Leachville, AR 72438
Naomi Wallace (501) 486-2728
Eunice Czapla (501) 932-6212

No. 336 NORTH CENTRAL ARKANSAS, AR
Mondays @ 10:30 AM
Nettie's Cafeteria College Plaza
Mountain Home, AR
Marie Moore (501) 425-7729
1008 E Locust
Mountain Home, AR 72653

CALIFORNIA

No. 21 SAN JOSE, CA
Saturdays @ 10:00 AM
St James Senior Ctr Rm 2
199 N 3 St
Rick Wong (408) 287-3563
1022 Summermist Ct 074
San Jose, CA 95122-3360
kablooey@sharyl.mailstop.com
Bess Sloanaker (408) 292-3328

No. 34 HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA
Thursdays @ 6:00 PM
Marcello's Italian Cuisine
17502 Beach Blvd (corner of Slater)
Call for information
Penny Baker (909) 683-0989
Terry Lee (714) 968-1200
Helen Tieger (714) 969-0043

No. 40 OAKLAND, CA
Saturdays @ 12:15 PM
Montclair Park Clubhouse
Mountain Blvd betw. that & Moraga, near Thornhill
Victor Havens (510) 482-1109
1517 MacArthur Blvd #5
Oakland, CA 94602
Rita Dady (510) 763-3503
Cynthia Pughsley (510) 839-4090

No. 44 LOS ANGELES, CA
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Westside Jewish Comm Ctr Solarium
5870 W Olympic Blvd
Los Angeles, CA 90036
Alan & Ruth Stern (818) 951-1745
10000 La Canada Way
Sunhand, CA 91040

No. 69 SAN FERNANDO VALLEY, CA
Mondays @ 6:45 PM
N Valley Jewish Comm Ctr
16601 Rinaldi St (at Hayvenhurst)
Granada Hills, CA
Deborah Sapot (818) 702-9218 (H)
22814 Av San Luis
Woodland Hills, CA 91364

No. 76 SAN DIEGO, CA
Mondays @ 6:30 PM
Home Savings of America
University Town Ctr
Betty Schulman (619) 423-8845 (H), 238-0303 (W)
Carol Kaplan (619) 535-1262

No. 85 LAGUNA HILLS, CA
Mondays @ 1:00 PM
Leisure World Clubhouse #5
Call for information
Geraldine Wenk (714) 837-7223
3459-A Bahia Blance
Laguna Hills, CA 92653
Mrs Sylvi Gruzen (714) 859-0555
2302 E Via Puerta
Laguna Hills, CA 92653

No. 176 LAGUNA HILLS, CA
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
California Federal S & L
Moulton Pkwy & El Toro Rd
Laguna Hills, CA
Call for information
Gina du Mez (714) 586-2378
Joan Gendelman (714) 380-7730

No. 183 RIVERSIDE, CA
Saturdays @ 12:15 PM
Olive Grove Senior Resort
7898 California Av
Penny Baker (714) 683-0989
1235 Via Pintada
Riverside, CA 92507
Pat Reed (909) 780-7888
Joyce Palmer (714) 943-2667

No. 195 LOS ANGELES, CA
Saturdays @ 9:45 AM
Felicia Mahood Senior Ctr
11338 Santa Monica Blvd
Don Knutzen (213) 838-3928
3822 Prospect Av
Beth Fliescher (310) 330-7570
Lou Block (310) 836-3173
Bruce D'Ambrosio (310) 641-2879

No. 235 SANTA ROSA, CA
Call for information
Fred Holden (707) 538-4874
1342 Rivera Ct
Santa Rosa, CA 95409

No. 242 SEAL BEACH/LONG BEACH, CA
4th Sunday @ 12:30 PM
Fidelity Federal Bank
13820 Seal Beach Blvd
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Deborah Sapot (818) 702-9218
Esther Kisich (213) 433-5233

No. 244 SAN JOSE, CA
Sundays @ 6:00 PM
Call for information
Johnny R Nevarez (408) 379-5845
4804 Bannock Circle
San Jose, CA 95130

No. 271 SANTA BARBARA, CA
Call for information
Jason Sommer & Sherry Schaff (805) 688-6252

No. 329 EAGLE ROCK (LOS ANGELES), CA
2nd & 4th Wednesdays @ 6:45 PM
Yosemite Rec Ctr
1840 Yosemite Dr
George Heussenstamm (818) 248-0537
5013 Lowell Av
La Crescenta, CA 91214
Gwen Bishop (213) 258-6667
Al Medrano (818) 352-5611

No. 357 LACOSTA, CA
Saturdays @ 10:30 AM
Stagecoach Park Rec Ctr
3420 Camino De Los Coches
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Sue Kaye (619) 942-9922

No. 377 FRESNO, CA
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Round Table Pizza
3870 N Cedar Av
Carlynn Moreno (209) 431-2916
Keith Valentine (209) 225-2388
Cherri Buchanan (209) 445-1567 (H), 439-2222 (W)

No. 380 PALM SPRINGS, CA
Wednesdays @ 5:30 PM
Palm Springs Senior Ctr
480 S Sunrise
Palm Springs, CA
Stan Rubinsky (619) 321-8090

No. 383 SANTEE, CA
1st & 3rd Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Santee Fire Sta
8950 Cottonwood Av
Santee, CA
Sandee Reynoldson (619) 448-6837
P.O. Box 712262
Santee, CA 92072

No. 393 NOVATO, CA
Call for information
Therese Berreyesa (415) 897-8647
One Deerfield Ln
Novato, CA 94947

No. 397 SANTA BARBARA, CA
Call for information
UCSB Campus Activities Ctr
Elisabeth Jordan (805) 562-6556

No. 406 HAYWARD, CA
Sundays @ 11:00 AM
Hayward Senior Ctr
22325 N Third St
Kate Mendell (510) 783-6576

Non-NSA SAN FRANCISCO, CA
Call for information
Stu Goldman (415) 864-2463
stu@netcom.com
Robin Levin (415) 467-9464
623 Campbell
San Francisco, CA 9134?

COLORADO

No. 185 DENVER, CO
1st, 3rd, and 5th Tuesdays @ 6:30 PM
Kirk of Bonnie Brae
1201 S Steele
Laura Scheimberg (303) 979-0167

No. 351 BOULDER, CO
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
St Aldan's Episcopal Church
2425 Colorado Av
Dennis Kaiser (303) 447-8393
P.O. Box 28
Jamestown, CO 80455
Eric Perlman (303) 492-6857 (W), 494-4821 (H)
Bill Palmer (303) 442-8618

CONNECTICUT

No. 103 GREENWICH, CT
Call for information
Dr Irving Samuels (203) 531-8224
10-D Weavers Hill
Greenwich, CT 06831

No. 112 MANCHESTER, CT
1st Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Community Baptist Church
585 East Center St
Ann D McClain (203) 643-7549
64 Holl St
Manchester, CT 06040

No. 134 WEST HARTFORD, CT
Thursdays (except 1st & Jewish holidays) @ 7:00 PM
Emanuel Synagogue
160 Mohegan Dr
Harry F Leonard (203) 667-3971
Dave Carlson (203) 940-6814

DELAWARE see WASHINGTON, DC

FLORIDA

No. 18 MIAMI, FL
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Stephen Clark Comm Bldg
1650 NW 37th
Robert Mulet (305) 531-1254
1025 Michigan Av
Miami Beach, FL 33139
Harriet Nabutovsky (305) 856-8982
Carl Stocker (305) 270-3338

No. 131 BOCA RATON, FL
Thursdays @ 6:45 PM
Comm Bldg Patch Reef Park
2000 W Yamato Rd
Florence Behl (407) 499-5575

No. 276 LAUDERHILL, FL
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Veteran's Park
7600 NW 50 St
Sandee Bloom Gosin (305) 741-1997
Ann Robin (305) 484-4559

No. 310 NORTH MIAMI BEACH, FL
Tuesdays @ 6:30 PM
Wednesdays @ 9:30 AM
JC Community Ctr
NE 25th Av
Thursdays @ 9:30 AM Teach-In
Multipurpose Ctr
2030 Polk St
Hollywood, FL 33022
Call for information
Murray Fishman (305) 940-6814
1750 NW 191 St Bldg 207
N Miami Beach, FL 33179

No. 314 JACKSONVILLE, FL
Wednesdays @ 1:00 PM
Quincy's Restaurant
3814 University Blvd W
Call for information
Jean Goodman (904) 733-1565

No. 330 SARASOTA, FL
Call for information
Elspeth Abbate (813) 426-2333

No. 335 MARGATE, FL
Call for information
Larry Gradus (305) 974-8445
609 S State Rd 7 #2G
Margate, FL 33068
xdxs75a@prodigy.com

No. 353 FT PIERCE, FL
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Doris Ripp (407) 489-2314
2430 Harbour Cove Dr
Ft Pierce, FL 34949

No. 369 GAINESVILLE, FL
Mondays @ 6:30 PM
Books
505 NW 13 St
Phil Haisley (904) 374-4241, 375-3558
817 NW 21 Terr
Gainesville FL 32603

No. 372 VERO BEACH, FL
Call for information
Bob Lipton (407) 778-4176
760 23rd Pl, SW
Vero Beach, FL 32962

No. 381 MELROSE, FL
Tuesdays @ 1:00 PM
Friendship Bible Church (W Wing)
Corner of Orchard St & S.R. 21
Keystone Heights, FL 32666
Call for information
Lorayne Pate (904) 475-2724
Rte #3 Box 1212
Melrose, FL 32666

No. 384 FORT LAUDERDALE, FL
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Tiffany House
2900 Riomar St
Call for information
Tim Wise (305) 938-9935
Annette Phillips (305) 764-3914

No. 388 BREVARD COUNTY, FL
Wednesdays @ 6:00 PM
Village Inn Restaurant Hwy A1A
Satellite Beach, FL
Alternate Mondays @ 12:00 noon
Melbourne Library
Fee Av
Melbourne FL
Mady Garner (407) 676-0815
170 Allan Ln
Melbourne Beach, FL 32951

No. 407 PALM HARBOR, FL
Sundays @ 2:00 PM
Palm Harbor Rec Ctr
1631 9 St
(813) 785-9562
Jan Fisher (813) 786-4065
Maureen Brush (813) 343-7974

GEORGIA

No. 84 ATLANTA, GA
Thursdays @ 1:00 PM
Cleveland Av Rec Ctr
47 Cleveland Av
Barbara Jordan (404) 522-1484
1627 Van Vleck Av SE
Atlanta GA 30316
Gloria Blackwell (404) 378-2066
2426 Glenwood, SE
Atlanta, GA 30317

No. 237 ATLANTA, GA
Write for information
Jerri Bergeron (404) 691-8734
989 Fairburn Rd, NW
Atlanta, GA 30331

No. 392 ATLANTA, GA
Call for information
Toni Douglas (404) 874-6508
Betty Camp (404) 267-8444

HAWAII

No. 145 HILO, HI
2nd & last Sunday @ 1:00 PM
Ken's Pancake House
1730 Kam Av
Wednesdays @ 9:00 AM
Ainaloa Long House
Jeanne Martin (808) 966-8370
Pat Helfrich (808) 961-6434
Lee Nigro (808) 982-5716

No. 341 HONOLULU, HI
Mondays @ 9:15 AM
Call for information
Peg Chesley (808) 923-9060
2937 Kalakaua Av #37
Honolulu, HI 96815
Mary Ellen Lester (808) 923-6063

IDAHO

No. 386 BOISE, ID
Call for information
Evelyn Mull
2705 Palouse St
Boise, ID 83705

ILLINOIS

No. 259 CHICAGO, IL
Fridays @ 6:00 PM
Community Rm, 1st fl
170 West Oak
Call for information
George G Stone (312) 787-6723
170 West Oak, #3-D
Chicago, IL 60610
Robert Denn (708) 945-7150

No. 340 DEERFIELD, IL
Thursdays at 11:30 AM
Smith Ctr
5120 Galitz
Skokie, IL 60077
(708) 673-0500 x335
Call for information
Robert Denn (708) 945-7150

INDIANA

No. 275 INDIANAPOLIS, IN
Tuesdays @ 6:00 PM
Brookside Park Rec Center
3500 Brookside Pkwy S Dr
Jerry Miller (317) 736-7472
719 S Home Av
Franklin, IN 46131

No. 360 NEW ALBANY, IN
1st Saturdays @ 1:00 PM
New Albany Public Library
180 Spring
New Albany, IN
Call for information
Daniel & Therese Bibb (812) 969-2728
5885 Sand Hill Rd SE
Elizabeth, IN 47117

No. 376 HAMMOND, IN
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Woodmar Methodist Church
179th SE Av
Hammond, IN 46324
Carol Colman (312) 374-3042

IOWA

No. 385 CEDAR RAPIDS, IA
Call for information
Jan Schallau (319) 393-8106
4747 F Av NE
Cedar Rapids, IA 52402

KANSAS

No. 186 WICHITA, KS
Saturdays @ 1:00 PM
Indian Hills Clubhouse
2740 W 13 St N
Call for information
Ruby O'Connor (316) 942-6855
Connie Servis (316) 554-0281

KENTUCKY

No. 256 LEXINGTON, KY
Call for information
Charles Faber (606) 223-1650
3569 Cornwall Dr
Lexington, KY 40503

No. 302 DANVILLE, KY
2nd Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
4th Sundays @ 1:30 PM
Call for information
Elaine Jacobus (606) 236-5704
835 Boyd Av
Danville, KY 40422
Virginia Porter (606) 236-5758

No. 342 ELIZABETHTOWN, KY
2nd Friday @ 7:00 PM and
last Saturday @ 12:00 noon
Call for information
Ted Blevins (502) 862-4722
Joe Galloway (502) 737-3346

LOUISIANA

No. 90 LAFAYETTE, LA
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Call for information
David Johnson (318) 981-3489
404 Guilbeau Rd #E128
Lafayette, LA 70506
Priscilla Fournet (318) 235-8153

No. 188 GONZALES, LA
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Gloria Simoneaux (504) 647-6424
42226 Bayou Narcisse Rd
Gonzales, LA 70737
Josephine Hatchell (504) 665-5337

No. 322 ALEXANDRIA, LA
Call for information
Dorothy Hathorn (318) 442-4203

MAINE

No. 254 N YARMOUTH, ME
Call for information
Gay Hoyt (207) 829-5744
85 Sligo Rd
N Yarmouth, ME 04097

MARYLAND

No. 7 BALTIMORE, MD
Mondays @ 6:00 PM
Furley Rec Center
Furley & Sipple Av
Helen Harrison (301) 485-6160
4308 Southern Av
Baltimore, MD 21206
Jon Jensen (410) 254-7014

No. 50 BALTIMORE, MD
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Joanne Cohen (301) 363-7520
24 Romney Ct
Owings Mills, MD 21117
Diana Grosman (410) 526-6788
4 Pleasant Brook Ct
Reisterstown, MD 21136

No. 172 COLUMBIA, MD
Mondays @ 7:30 PM
Call for information
Janice Beck (301) 964-0136, 596-3167
10105 Windstream Dr, #5
Columbia, MD 21044

No. 320 DENTON, MD
Call for information
Keith & Melissa Hilderbrand (410) 820-7622
8297 Harmony Road
Denton, MD 21629

No. 378 CROFTON, MD
2nd & 4th Friday @ 7:30 PM
Call for information
Mary Lou Goetz (410) 798-4627
1548 Patuxent Manor Rd
Davidsonville, MD 21035

MASSACHUSETTS

No. 59 BOSTON, MA
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Allston-Brighton Police Station
301 Washington St
Brighton, MA
Call for information
Hilda Siegel (617) 323-9889
123 Kittredge St
Roslindale, MA 02131
Michel Cohen (617) 628-3213

No. 108 LEXINGTON, MA
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
1st Parish Church
Call for information
Harrington St
Judy Swank (603) 888-9114
4 Louisburg Sq #3
Nashua, NH 03060
judyswank@delphi.com
Ellen Miller (617) 484-6366, 496-2859
40 Greybirch Park
Belmont, MA 02178

No. 194 HYANNIS, MA
Wednesdays @ 11:45 AM
New World Bank Comm Rm
Hyannis Airport Rotary
Cliff McGauley (508) 362-1326
P.O. Box 426
Cummaquid, MA 02637
Verna Appleby (508) 775-8787

FALMOUTH, MA
Mondays @ 7:00
Stop & Shop (upstairs)
Jones Rd
Lee Cooper (508) 548-6687
4 Crown Av
Falmouth MA 02540
70750.3724@compuserve.com

BOURNE VILLAGE, MA
Alternate Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for reservations
Edie Miller Berman (508) 759-2561
70750.3724@compuserve.com

YARMOUTH, MA
1st Wednesdays @ 10:45 AM
Yarmouth Senior Ctr
528 Forest Rd
(508) 790-3480
Call for information
Cliff McGauley (508) 362-1326
Verna Appleby (508) 775-8787

ORLEANS MA
Thursdays @12:30 PM
Orleans Senior Ctr
Rock Harbour Rd
Edie Miller Berman (508) 759-2561
70750.3724@compuserve.com
Irving Samuels (508) 255-8221

No. 221 SPRINGFIELD, MA
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Foster Memorial Church
1234 Parker St
Avalon Newell (413) 782-0494
32 Spikenard Circle
Springfield, MA 01129
David Slauenwhite (508) 544-7354

No. 226 FRAMINGHAM, MA
Tuesdays @ 6:30 PM
St Andrews Episcopal Church
Buckminster Sq (Maple & Union)
3 Maple St
Jeanne Hedberg (508) 429-2758
129 Locust St
E Holliston, MA 01746

MICHIGAN

No. 49 SAGINAW, MI
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Saginaw Villas Club House
2759 Samuel Dr
Teresa Maynard (517) 777-5676
2832 Gemini St
Saginaw, MI 48601
Irene Garrison (517) 777-1781

No. 104 PORT HURON, MI
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
St Claire County Comm Coll
323 Erie St
Joyce Spalding (313) 325-1778
3250 Garlick Rd
Ruby, MI 48049

No. 115 LIVONIA, MI
Tuesdays @ 6:45 PM
Sheldon Ctr
10800 Farmington Rd
Livonia, MI
Florence Laatz (313) 386-8416

No. 178 WEST OLIVE, MI
Call for information
Chet Bartels (616) 875-8373

No. 192 BAY CITY, MI
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
The Texan
3000 Center Avenue Rd
Essexville, MI
Peggy LeMay (517) 893-3087
212 S Warner
Bay City, MI 48706
Marthe St Laurent (517) 893-7288

No. 213 LANSING, MI
1st & 3rd Saturdays @ 11:00 AM
Friendship Manor
Friendship Circle
Doris Munro (517) 351-0816
Vince Houiston (517) 393-2281

No. 222 SOUTHFIELD, MI
Mondays @ 6:45 PM
White Hall Apts Clubhouse
Providence Dr (near Nine Mile Rd)
Call for information
Esther Norber (315) 559-7157
23237 Providence Dr
Southfield, MI 48075
Patricia L Pilling (313) 644-5929

No. 317 FLINT, MI
Sundays @ 2:00 PM
Ramada Inn (I-75 at Peirson Rd)
Flint, MI
Mary Ellen Raleigh (517) 770-4178
3605 W Gary Rd
Montrose, WI 48457
Pat Badgley (313) 235-3834

No. 350 FRAMINGTON HILLS, MI
Call for information
Gary Moss (313) 489-9423

No. 371 GRAND RAPIDS, MI
Call for information
Sandra Peters (616) 452-4521

MINNESOTA

No. 42 MINNEAPOLIS/ST PAUL, MN
Call for information
Carol Dustin (612) 642-9849

No. 327 MINNETONKA, MN
selected Fridays
Call for information
Jeff & Colleen Prentiss (612) 933-8740
10100 Minnetonka Blvd #302
Minnetonka, MN 55305-4521

MISSOURI

No. 198 ST LOUIS, MO
Mondays @ 6:30 PM (except holidays)
St Louis County Library
1640 S Lindbergh Blvd (at Clayton)
(314) 994-3300
Call for information
James Barrow (314) 727-2962
6627 Alamo
Clayton, MO 63105
Virginia Wood (314) 739-8958

NEVADA

No. 328 LAS VEGAS, NV
Tuesdays @ 4:00 PM
Call for information
Gerry Greenside (702) 454-0620
3047 Zane Circle
Las Vegas, NV 89121

No. 349 LAS VEGAS, NV
Sundays @ 1:00 PM
Wednesdays @ 11:00 AM
Gay Burch (702) 873-8854
4517 Del Oro Dr
Las Vegas, NV 89102

No. 391 LAS VEGAS, NV
Sundays @ 1:00 PM
Call for information
Dorothy Halprin (702) 256-3220
2805 High Range Dr
Las Vegas, NV 89109

NEW HAMPSHIRE

No. 108 NASHUA, NH
See Lexington, MA

No. 331 MERRIMACK, NH
Thursdays @ 1:00 PM
Clubhouse at Merrimack Rte 3a
Merrimack, NH
Call for information
Stella Russell (603) 622-9332

NEW JERSEY

No. 67 PARK RIDGE, NJ
Call for information
Ted Von Zwehl (914) 623-3137
13 Inwood Dr
Bardonia, NY 10954

No. 251 TEANECK, NJ
Thursdays @ 7:30 PM
Teaneck Town Hall
Forest Av & Teaneck Rd
Selig O Wassner (201) 836-1949
P.O. Box 2157
Teaneck, NJ 07665
Maurice DeCanio (210) 384-9528

No. 398 SOUTH JERSEY/BERLIN, NJ
Meets weekly
Call for information
Betty C McDaniel (609) 728-9446

NEW MEXICO

No. 129 ALBUQUERQUE, NM
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Cornucopia Restaurant
San Mateo & Central St
Call for information
Patty Wayne (505) 877-6646
Gertrude Savadge (505) 299-2965
Grace E Cummins (505) 899-9646

No. 397 ALBUQUERQUE, NM
Sundays @ 2:00 PM
Cornucopia Restaurant
San Mateo & Central St
Stanley Luz Miranda (505) 256-3850
1109 Georgia St NE
Albuquerque, NM 87110

NEW YORK

No. 23 PITTSFORD, NY
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Spiegel Comm Ctr
35 Lincoln Av
Call for information
Ted Rosen (716) 244-2189
517 University Av, #203
Rochester, NY 14607

No. 28 BROOKLYN, NY
Call for information
Alan B Hecht (718) 252-2161
1481 E 21 St
Brooklyn, NY 11210

No. 32 MASSAPEQUA, NY
Wednesdays @ 12:00 noon
Massapequa Reform Church
Merrick Rd at Ocean Av
Ed Ugarte (516) 796-5737, 798-8181
63 Autumn Ln
Hicksville, NY 11801

No. 56 NEW YORK, NY
Thursdays @ 7:15 PM
Beverly Club
130 E 57 St, 3rd fl
New York, NY 10021
Call for information
Ron & Susi Tiekert (212) 689-4046
Mike Martin (212) 787-1260

No. 67 PARK RIDGE, NJ-NY
Call for information
Ted Von Zwehl (914) 623-3137
13 Inwood Dr
Bardonia, NY 10954

No. 157 RIVERDALE, NY
Closed club
Alternate Fridays @ 7:30 PM
Call for reservations
Carol & Ed Halper (212) 792-4367
1020 Throgs Neck Expressway
Bronx, NY 10465
Maris Greenwald (212) 884-0688

No. 147 SHIRLEY, NY
Thursdays @ 7:30 PM
Call for information
Jerry & Ginger White (516) 399-2579
10 Huron Rd
Shirley, NY 11967

No. 284 BROOKLYN, NY
Sundays @ 3:00 PM
Call for information
Shirley Zacot (718) 837-8239
Zacot c/o Tenzer
8301 Bay Pkwy, #304
Brooklyn, NY 11214

No. 324 NEW HARTFORD, NY
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
First United Methodist Church
105 Genesee St
New Hartford, NY
Call for information
Don & Heather Drumm (315) 853-3192
P.O. Box 151
Clinton, NY 13323
Jonas Kover (315) 733-7301

No. 338 BUFFALO, NY
Mondays @ 6:30 PM
Frontier Middle School Cafeteria
2751 Amsdell Rd
Hamburg, NY
Wannell Kelsey (716) 627-9590

Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Polish Commu Ctr, 2nd fl
1081 Broadway
Jerry Scheiten (716) 885-0462
84 Albany St
Buffalo, NY 14213
Mark Przbyszewski (716) 896-4980
Joan Tondra (716) 847-0391

No. 355 MASSAPEQUA, NY
Tuesdays @ 11:30 AM
Call for information
Ed Ugarte (516) 796-5737, 798-8181
63 Autumn Ln
Hicksville, NY 11801

No. 356 MASSAPEQUA, NY
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Violet Ditommasso (516) 798-8181
88 Boston Av
Massapequa, NY 11758
Ed Ugarte (516) 796-5737, 798-8181
63 Autumn Ln
Hicksville, NY 11801

No. 389 MANHATTAN, NY
Newcomers' club
1st & 3rd Sundays @ 5:30 PM
Beverly Club
130 E 57 St, 3rd fl
New York, NY 10021
Susi Tiekert (212) 689-4046

No. 404 ALBANY, NY
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Jewish Comm Ctr
340 Whitehall Rd
Albany, NY
David Goodman (518) 233-9347
Kurt Kopitz (518) 237-8782
John Morse (518) 434-3819

No. 408 MASSAPEQUA, NY
Mondays @ 12:00 noon
Plainedge Public Library
Ed Ugarte (516) 796-5737, 798-8181
63 Autumn Ln
Hicksville, NY 11801
Sylvia Harnett (516) 541-9505

No. 409 MASSAPEQUA, NY
Sundays @ 1:00 PM
Call for information
Violet Ditommasso (516) 798-8181
88 Boston Av
Massapequa, NY 11758

OHIO

No. 62 FREMONT, OH
1st & 3rd Mondays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Flossie Swint (419) 334-2746
Jackie Lease (419) 332-4186

No. 154 INDEPENDENCE, OH
Mondays @ 6:00 PM
Angie's Restaurant
6932 Hillside Rd
Independence, OH
Walter Konicki (216) 526-4677 (H), 524-8100 (W)
Kevin McCaffrey (216) 699-1917

No. 294 DAYTON, OH
Mondays @ 6:00 PM
2nd & 4th Monday Evenings
Main Dayton Public Library
215 E 3 St
Dayton, OH 45402
(513) 227-9500

No. 364 CINCINNATI, OH
Write for information
Altha Stewart
P.O. Box 36026
Cincinnati, OH 45236

No. 379 CINCINNATI, OH
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Call for information
Phyllis Prather (513) 761-0304

OKLAHOMA

No. 243 OKLAHOMA CITY, OK
Call for information
Glenda Short (405) 842-6523
2301 Westchester
Oklahoma City, OK 73120

OREGON

No. 161 PORTLAND, OR
Call for information
Bob Schoenmann (503) 636-0787
P.O. Box 408
Lake Oswego, OR 97034

No. 308 PORTLAND, OR
Tuesdays @ 6:45 PM
Lakewood Ctr
368 S State St
Lake Oswego, OR
Call for information
Ruth Hamilton (503) 638-7103
Karen Merrill (503) 635-7424
Elizabeth Wood (503) 636-9798

No. 370 PORTLAND, OR
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
My Father's Place
523 SE Grand Av
Portland, OR
(503) 235-5494
Ruth Hamilton (503) 638-7103
Karen Merrill (503) 635-7424
T Vail Palmer (503) 284-3036

PENNSYLVANIA

No. 55 READING, PA
Tuesdays @ 6:00 PM
Schlegel Park Field House
Call for information
Doris Carney (215) 373-0505
918 N 12 St
Reading, PA 19604
Laura Brader (215) 375-6241

No. 141 WARMINSTER, PA
Call for information
Raymond Rauanheimo (215) 674-0447
189 Newtown Rd
Warminster, PA 18974-5219

No. 207 YEADON, PA
Mondays @ 7:30 PM
Nettie Ruth Davis (215) 623-5880
600 Parkview Blvd
Yeadon, PA 19050

No. 333 EXTON, PA
Mondays @ 6:00 PM
Comfort Inn
Rte 100 & Rte 113
Call for information
Phyllis Patukas (215) 269-1723
Teri Gillstrom (215) 358-1268
Steve Oliger (215) 284-2274

No. 352 PITTSBURGH, PA
Saturdays @ 12:00 noon
Northland Library
300 Cumberland Rd
Pittsburgh, PA
Luise Shafritz (412) 935-5896
2703 Timberglen Dr
Wexford, PA 15090
jays+@pitt.edu

No. 358 SHARON HILL/PHILADELPHIA, PA
Call for information
Marilyn Everett (215) 586-8488

SOUTH DAKOTA

No. 361 SIOUX FALLS, SD
Call for information
Mark Oppenheimer (605) 332-8404 evenings
4704 Pasque Circle
Sioux Falls, SD 57105

TENNESSEE

No. 238 MEMPHIS, TN
Mondays @ 6:30 PM
McDonald's Restaurant
2073 Union Av
Memphis, TN 38104
Call for information
Dave Leifer (901) 753-4446 (H), 922-5557 (W)
1785 Candle Ridge Dr
Cordova, TN 38018

TEXAS

No. 71 ABILENE, TX
Mondays @ 6:00 PM
1st Methodist Church
S 2 & Butternut St
Mary L Couey (915) 692-6565
1958 S 20 St
Abilene, TX 79602
Hildagard Powell (915) 572-3318

No. 124 LUBBOCK, TX
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Caprock Home Health Services Bldg
3411 Knoxville St
Mary L Thurman (806) 744-7702
2727 24 St
Lubbock, TX 79410
Marion Wooten (806) 744-0326
Dennis Major (806) 793-3918

No. 234 AUSTIN, TX
Fridays @ 6:30 PM
Austin Rec Ctr
1301 Shoal Creek Blvd
Call for information
Caesar Jaramillo (512) 441-8306 (H), 891-2564 (W)
3908 B Run of the Oaks
Austin, TX 78704

No. 248 BEDFORD, TX
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Heartland Health Ctr
2001 Forest Ridge Dr
Mary Rhoades (817) 283-1282
2325 Shady Grove
Bedford, TX 76021
Charlie Bond (817) 370-9832

No. 270 SAN ANTONIO, TX
Mondays @ 6:45 PM
Jason's Deli
25 NE Loop 410
T A Sanders (210) 303-5731
P.O. Box 669
La Verna, TX 78121
Nancy Scott (210) 658-2994

No. 319 DALLAS, TX
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Shoney's Restaurant
2310 Stemmons Trail
Dallas, TX
Call for information
Mike Willis (214) 340-7772

No. 359 WEST HOUSTON, TX
Sundays @ 2:00 PM
Kettle Restaurant
Hwy 290 & Hwy 6
Steve Fierros (713) 957-2997
5625 Desoto
Houston, TX 77091
Kris Tabrizi (713) 579-7854

UTAH

No. 173 SALT LAKE CITY, UT
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Sandy City Rec Ctr
440 E 8680 S St
Call for information
Jim Fischer (801) 363-4420
P.O. Box 11891
Salt Lake City, UT 84147
Kim Barr (801) 486-4260
Jane Larkin (801) 272-2725

VIRGINIA

No. 299 WOODBRIDGE, VA
Call for information
Dennis Rowe (703) 883-5883 (W), 680-1408 (H),
(202) 287-7118 (W)
4924 Kirkdale Dr
Woodbridge, VA 22193

WASHINGTON

No. 253 SEATTLE, WA
Tuesdays @ 6:15 PM
Josephineum Hotel Dining Rm
1902 2 Ave
Ann Ferguson (206) 771-5483
Toby Cozens (206) 937-7872
Ken & Starlite Clark (206) 854-5636

WASHINGTON, DC

No. 143 WASHINGTON, DC
Thursdays @ 6:00 PM
Langdon Park Rec Ctr
20 St & Rhode Island Av NE
Call for information
Robert Kilpatrick (202) 583-7586, 401-3580 (W)
4314 Bowen Rd, SE
Washington, DC 20019
Rose Noel (301) 322-4867

No. 171 WASHINGTON, DC
Tuesdays @ 6:00 PM
Chevy Chase Comm Ctr
5601 Connecticut Av, NW
Call for information
Robert Linn (301) 309-2629 (W), (800) 950-0061 (W)
Harold Rennett (301) 681-3958

WISCONSIN

No. 247 MADISON, WI
Wednesdays @ 6:30 PM
Call for information
Richard Lauder (608) 233-2617
Barb Besadny (608) 233-7410

No. 265 MILWAUKEE, WI
1st & 3rd Saturdays @ 1:00 PM
Y-NOT II
706 E Lyon St
Charlotte Morris (414) 541-2833
Dolores Heron (414) 332-1332

No. 318 NEW BERLIN, WI
Call for information
Warren Kaminsky (414) 786-0345

No. 363 MILWAUKEE, WI
Tuesdays @ 7:00 PM
Gas Lite N
60th & North Av
Call for information
Pat Krohn (414) 353-4152
Ed Meyer (414) 643-1163
Warren Kaminsky (414) 786-0345

CANADA

No. 3 TORONTO, ONTARIO
Wednesdays @ 7:30 PM
Earl Bales Park Comm Ctr
Bathurst St (S of Sheppard Av W)
Mike & Lynda Wise (416) 225-3535
37 Rockland Dr
Willowdale ON  M2M 2Y8

No. 83 MONTREAL, QUEBEC
Mondays @ 7:15 PM
Centennial Park Chalet
Bernard Gotlieb (514) 484-0824
5770 Hudson Av
C(^)ote-St-Luc QC  H4W 2K6
Fran Silver (514) 481-2813

No. 177 VANCOUVER, B.C.
Call for information
Robert Fancett (604) 325-9940

No. 193 BRANTFORD, ONTARIO
Mondays @ 7:00 PM
St. Mark's Anglican Church
155 Memorial Dr
Glenn Dunlop (519) 752-2242
55 Brunswick St
Brantford ON  N3T 1E9
Tammy Humphreys (519) 759-6035

No. 252 DUNDAS, ONTARIO
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Carnegie Gallery
Ogilvie & King St
Barry Spinner (905) 528-3776
Vivian Minden (905) 628-2888

No. 263 OSHAWA, ONTARIO
Mondays @ 7:30 PM
Woodview Comm Ctr
Cadillac Av
Oshawa ON
Linda Gomes (905) 579-1850
Trevor Sealy (905) 432-8828

No. 264 MOOSE JAW, SASKATCHEWAN
Mondays & Fridays
Cosmo Senior Citizen Ctr
235 2 St NE
Dorothy L Evans (306) 693-5949
971 Coteau St W, #5
Moose Jaw SA  S6H 5G1
Jean Button (306) 692-9880
Larry James (306) 694-6249
Muriel Allcock (306) 693-2375

No. 307 COURTENAY, B.C.
Thursdays @ 7:00 PM
Call for information
Winnie & Ed Skalazub (604) 338-6619

No. 374 CALGARY, ALBERTA
Wednesdays @ 7:00 PM
Riverview United Church
824 Imperial Way SW
Siri Tillekeratne (403) 281-2459
16 Cedarwood Pl SW
Calgary AB  T2W 3G6
Marjorie Gross (403) 245-0554

No. 402 VICTORIA, B.C.
Thursdays @ 6:30 PM
Call for information
Helga Williams (604) 380-9962
abwillia@sol.uvic.ca

MEXICO

No. 396 CABO SAN LUCAS
Call for information
Lee Moore 52-114-50218
A.P. #1
23300 Todos
B.C.S. MEXICO

U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS

No. 190 ST THOMAS, USVI
Thursdays @ 6:00 PM
Taco Maker
Nisky Ctr
Call for information
Virginia Monsanto (809) 776-2035
25A Dronninges, Suite 3
Gade, St Thomas 00802

PHILIPPINES

No. 345 PHILIPPINES
Write for information
Gil Domalaon
26 P Alcantara St
San Pablo, Laguna
Philippines 4000


A3.   Upcoming North American tournaments

Sep 17, Bluepoint, NY
Sat 9 am
6 gm, 2 div DA ~1300
EF $15
Henrietta Acampora Rec Ctr, 39 Montauk Hwy
Info: Mary Anne Perry, (516) 363-5193

Sep 17, Lexington, MA
Sat 9:30 am
6 gm, 3 div
EF $24 by 9/10
First Parish Church on the Green
Info: Judy Swank, 4 Louisburg Sq #3, Nashua, NH 03060, (603)
      888-9114, judyswank@delphi.com, Ellen Miller, (508)
      287-4776

Sep 17-18, Toronto, ON
Sat 9 am
10 gm, 3 div
EF $30 (Canadian) or $25 (US), by 9/14
Earl Bales Park Comm Ctr, Bathurst St, S of Sheppard Av W
Info: Mike & Lynda Wise, 37 Rockland Dr, Willowdale ON  M2M
      2Y8, (416) 225-3535, or John Chew,
      jjchew@math.utoronto.ca

Sep 17-18, Los Angeles, CA
Sat 9 am
11 gm, RR of 10/12, DA 1700/1300
EF $45/40/35 by 9/9
Hyatt Hotel, Los Angeles Airport, 6225 W Century Blvd, Los
      Angeles, CA 90045, (800) 233-1234 or (310) 672-1234
EF $85 single/double
Info: Deborah Sapot, 22814 Av San Luis, Woodlane Hills, CA
      91364, (818) 225-7277 or 997-8972 or 348-2814

Sep 23-25, Avalon, NJ
Fri 8:30 pm
12 gm, 3 div DA ~1600/~1300
EF $25, $35 commuters, by 8/24
Golden Inn, Oceanfront at 78 St, Avalon, NJ 08202
HR $149
Info: Margaret Bauer Maneth, 8 Livingston Av, Kearny, NJ
      07032, (201) 991-1499 or (410) 529-4053

Oct 1-2, Oshawa, ON
Sat 9am
12 gm
EF $25 (Canadian) or $20 (US) by 9/28
YWCA, 33 McGrigor St
Info: Linda Gomes, 1312 Astra Ct, Oshawa ON  L1K 1H5, (905)
      579-1850, Trevor Sealy, 427 Gothic Dr, Oshawa ON  L1G
      7R6, (905) 432-8828

Oct 8-9, Houston, TX
Sat 12:00 noon
10 gm, 3 div DA 1600/1300
EF $30/25/20 + $5 after 9/30
Holiday Inn, Intercontinental Airport, 15222 John F Kennedy
      Blvd, Houston, TX 77032, (713) 449-2311
HR $49 single, $54 double
Info: James Bodenstedt, P.O. Box 5581, Katy, TX 77491, (713)
      492-6760

Oct 15-16, Santa Clara, CA
Sat 8:45 am
16 gm, 3 div DA 1700/1300
EF $60/50/40 + $10 after 10/12
Howard Johnson Motor Lodge, 5405 Stevens Creek Blvd, Santa
      Clara
HR $50 single/double
Info: Johnny R Nevarez, 4804 Bannock Circle, San Jose, CA
      95130 (408) 379-5845

Oct 15-16, Niagara Falls, NY
Info: Mark Przbyszewski, (716) 896-4980

Oct 29-30, Sewickley, PA
Sat 12 noon
13 gm modified RR of 12 each
EF $25 ($30 commuters) by 10/28
Sewickley Country Inn, Rte 65, Sewickley, PA, (800) 835-6072
HR $55 single or double
Info: Luise Shafritz, 2740 Meadowcrest Ct, Wexford, PA 15090

Nov 5, Cape Cod, MA
Sat 12:50 pm
8 gm
Pairs Scrabble, Crosswords, Anagrams, Boggle tournaments held
      on Fri; Backgammon, Chess, Poker, Table Tennis, Bridge,
      Pool and Swimming tournaments on Sun; separate entry
      fees
EF $29 by 10/5
Sea Crest Hotel, N Falmouth, MA
HR $190 single, $120 ppdo
Info: Edie Miller Berman, 26 Ships Way, Bourne Village, MA
      02532, (508) 759-2561, 71224.72@compuserve.com

Nov 5-6, Victoria, BC
Sat 9 am
11 gm, 12 player RR
EF $40 (Canadian) or $30 (US), + $5 after 10/25
Colony Inn, 2852 Douglas St, Victoria, BC V8T 4M5, (800)
      663-6107
HR $39 (Canadian)
Info: Helga Williams, 412-2533 Dowler Pl, Victoria, BC V8T
      4H7, Canada, (604) 380-9962, abwillia@sol.uvic.ca

Nov 5-6, Scottsdale, AZ
Sat 9 am
11 gm
EF $30
Scottsdale Pima Motel Suites, 7330 N Pima Rd, Scottsdale, AZ
      85258, (800) 344-0262, (602) 948-3800
HR $44 single, $52 double
Info: Bonnie Rudolph, 4701 N 68 St #213, Scottsdale, AZ
      85251, (602) 946-5326, Lillian Goldfine, (602) 860-0890

Nov 5-6, Brantford, ON
Info: Glenn Dunlop, (519) 752-2242, 55 Brunswick St,
      Brantford ON  N3T 1E9

Nov 11-13, Cocoa Beach, FL
Friday 9:30 a.m.
18 gm modified RR, 4 div
EF $35-65
Holiday Inn Cocoa Beach, 1300 N Atlantic Av, Cocoa Beach, FL
      32931, (800) 2BOOKUS
HR $60/night by 10/20
Info: Mady Garner, 170 Allan Lane, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951,
      (407) 676-0815

Nov 13, Oakland, CA
Sun 1 pm
6 gm, 6-8 player RR
EF $15 cash at door
Village Restaurant, 273 E 18 St, Oakland
Info: Cynthia Pughsley, (510) 839-4090, Rita Dady, (510)
      763-3503, Victor Havens, (510) 482-1109, Stu Goldman,
      (415) 864-2463, stu@netcom.com

Nov 19, Austin, TX
Sat 9:30 am
10 gm, 3 div DA 1600/1250
EF $25/20/15 by 11/11
Howard Johnson, 7800 N IH-35 at Hwy 183, (512) 836-8520
HR $57 single + $8 each additional, by 11/4
Info: Caesar Jaramillo, 4004 Victory DR #C306, Austin, TX
      78704, (512) 441-8306 (H), (512) 891-2564 (W)

Dec 2-4, Las Vegas, NV
Fri 6:30 pm
15/13 gm, modified Swiss/RR, divided with top 32 in expert
Stardust Resort & Casino, (800) 634-6757
HR $47/night by 11/1
Info: Paul Terry, 4414 Sparta Way, N Las Vegas, NV 89030,
      (702) 656-7570

Dec 4-11, Ft Lauderdale to Western Caribbean Cruise
15 gm RR
EF $50 by 10/1
Special Event Cruises, (800) 326-0373
Fare $1000 up
Info: Joe Edley, c/o Williams & Company, 120 Front St Garden,
      Box 700, Greenport, NY 11944, (516) 477-0033, 477-0294
      fax

Dec 10-11, Enfield, CT
Sat 10 am
10 gm
teams of 4 with ratings averaging under 1900
EF $28 + $10 commuters living >60mi away, by 11/19
Harley Hotel, Rte 91 exit 49, Enfield, CT
HR $38/night
Info: Edie Miller Berman, 26 Ships Way, Bourne Village, MA,
      02532, (508) 759-2561, 70750.3724@compuserve.com, Alan
      Frank, (617) NIT-TLED, alf@world.std.com

Dec 11, Oakland, CA
same as above

Dec 17-24, Caribbean Cruise
Info: Penny Baker, (909) 983-0909

Jan 14-16, Reno, NV
Sands Regency Hotel/Casino, Reno, NV
Info: Johnny R Nevarez, 4804 Bannock Circle, San Jose, CA
      95130 (408) 379-5845

Feb 12, Oakland, CA
same as above

Mar 12, Oakland, CA
same as above

Apr 7-9, Greater Boston, MA
Info: Edie Miller Berman, 26 Ships Way, Bourne Village, MA,
      02532, (508) 759-2561, 70750.3724@compuserve.com, Alan
      Frank, (617) NIT-TLED, alf@world.std.com

Apr 9, Oakland, CA
same as above

May 7, Oakland, CA
same as above

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Key to abbreviations:
EF=entry fee, DA=divided at, div=divisions, gm=game(s),
HR=hotel rate, ppdo=per person double occupancy, pz=prize(s),
RR=round robin


A4.   Contacts for major Scrabble organizations worldwide

John Holgate
64 Paine St
Marouba 2035
Sydney
Australia

Shiraz Amith
Bahrain Scrabble League
P.O. Box 20725
Bahrain

Lorton Graham
Claybury
St John
Barbados

National Scrabble Association of Liberia
James Flomo, President
c/o West African Exam Council
Box 2883
Monrovia
Liberia

Jeff Grant
Waipatu Settlement Rd
RD2
Hastings
New Zealand

Femi Awowade
P.O. Box 20307, U.I.
Post Office
Ibadan, Nigeria

National Scrabble Association of Phillippines, Inc
Rosario B Lambino
2-H Gatdula Bldg
2 Katarungan St
Mandaluyong
1500 Metro Manila
Phillippines

Candido Filio
4 Matimtiman St
Teacher's Village
Diliman, Quezon City
Philippines 1101

Larry Benjamin
P.O. Box 891189
Lyndhurst Tvl. 2106
Republic of South Africa

Trevor Duke
405 Majestic Gate
38 Empire Rd
Parktown, Johannesburg
Republic of South Africa

Tony Sim
Block 27 Marine Crescent
#09-07 Singapore 1544
Singapore

Missaka Warusawitharana
11 De Silva Rd
Kaluboloila
Sri Lanka

Amnuay Ploysangngam
Director, Thailand Crossword Club
645/1 Petchburi Rd
Phayathai
Bangkok 10400
Thailand
(662) 254-9607, 252-8147, fax 252-8147

Robin John
23 Schneider Gardens
Petit Valley
Trinidad and Tobago

Diane Pratesi
Postal Scrabble Club
33 Amberley Rd
Leyton
London, E10 7ER
United Kingdom

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Steven Alexander
stevena@cs.berkeley.edu