INTELLECTRONICS
Computer Intelligence Assets
presents
its new proprietary technology:
INTELLECTRONICS
[NEW YORK] "The INTRON is a new device for automation of tasks which
routinely require complex problem solving," said Dr. James Keene.
"Advanced in concept and performance, the INTRON is in a league by
itself and may therefore be distinguished from computer-based
artificial intelligence (AI)."
Thus began Dr. Keene's announcement of an exciting new discovery: the
INTRON. Let us look at the INTRON, and where it might take us.
The INTRON has numerous applications in both service and
manufacturing industries. The most obvious military and space
applications alone suggest that the nation which develops these
projects would have an enormous advantage.
The invention of the INTRON suggests specific investment
opportunities and applications projects. Investors are sorting out
the outlook as follows:
--- The economic and national security implications of this advanced
technology (THE BOTTOM LINE),
--- A functional description of the invention (WHAT IS AN INTRON?),
--- Some applications of Super-Intelligence (HOW ARE INTRONS USED?),
--- How the invention might be developed into marketable products
(THE DEBUT OF INTELLECTRONICS).
THE BOTTOM LINE
Please consider that...
(1) The previous lead of the United States in technology has been
diluted by significant innovations by foreign companies.
(2) Japan alone has committed substantial sums of money to R & D
efforts to develop the "fifth generation" of computers. Regardless
of the amount spent on R & D, there is, of course, no guarantee that
the desired product will be created. However, it may well be that
the INTRON is the key invention required in this quest. Since the
INTRON is now a reality, eliminating this particular element of R & D
risk, any reasonable equity investment may be considered to be a
bargain.
Let us assume that our competitors have not yet developed the "fifth
generation" of computers. They could not know, then, that a key
invention required to fulfil their goals, the INTRON, is not even a
computer! In fact, the INTRON invention in Super-Intelligence
provides immediate leverage in planning because the structure of
these "fifth generation" systems becomes clearer. They will be
INTRON systems in which arrays of INTRONS perform tasks using
computers and input/output devices as assistants.
(3) If performance and cost alone are evaluated, most current
users of computer technology will shift to INTRON CONTROL systems to
obtain or maintain competitive positions. In brief, the market for
INTRONS is as large as that for computers. In addition, since INTRON
CONTROL systems have more applications than computers, it is
reasonable to assume that the forthcoming INTRON market is larger.
(4) Because these advanced systems will usually use computers in
auxiliary functions (such as input/output interfacing, data
management, calculations, etc), the manufacturers of computers will
be modifying their products to make them more cost effective in these
INTRON applications, and thereby maintain or increase their customer
bases. This would apply equally to the makers of large mainframe
computers as well as the microprocessor industry.
(5) As the manufacturers of computer hardware adjust to the
appearance of INTRON technology, so will a large segment of the
computer software industry. For example, much software (from simple
accounting to AI programs) would include subroutines to interface the
programs through the hardware interfaces of their host computers with
the INTRON CONTROL devices. More specifically, much of the current
AI software (whether it be programs to guide a lunar land rover or
simple speech synthesis) are appropriate tools to place under INTRON
control.
(6) These considerations lead, of course, to the active fields of
AI and robots. For the former, INTRON technology does not represent
direct competition. In the first place, Super-Intelligence as
implemented by INTRONS performs higher order functions than do AI
methods. Hence, direct competition between INTRONS and AI is not in
the cards. Rather, the two will complement each other in hundreds of
applications. In the case of robots, the situation is somewhat
different since INTRON-controlled robots can perform a far greater
variety of tasks of much greater complexity than computer-driven
robots.
Considerable funds are currently dedicated to development of improved
automation in a variety of manufacturing, space, and military
situations. These projects have shown the elegance of AI methods as
well as their limitations. The invention of the INTRON now provides
further perspective in how these projects might best be developed.
In a great number of cases where AI cannot deliver the desired
results, INTRON technology should be considered.
In sum, the INTRON has important economic and national security
implications.
WHAT IS AN INTRON?
The word INTRON is a short form of INTELLECTRON, which contains the
word "intellect" and the sound of "electron". Hence, the INTRON is
an electronic device which displays Super-Intelligence. As such, it
can perform tasks requiring more intelligence than current artificial
intelligence can in principle perform. While the intelligence of
INTRONS is clearly greater than AI systems, it should be considered
less than that of humans, although INTRONS perform better than humans
in numerous applications. To distinguish the level of intelligence
involved, the term "Super-Intelligence" has been introduced to avoid
confusion.
The INTRON can learn how to use complex information provided to it to
solve a problem in situations where both the possible actions and the
criteria of successful problem solution are both well defined.
However, the key feature is its success in solving problems when the
method or procedure for using the information provided to produce
successful actions is not known, or not clear, or even changes
radically over time. Thus, INTRONS are continuously learning how to
use the information provided pertaining to the problem at hand, much
as animals and humans do.
The concept and inner design of the INTRON is unique, bearing little,
if any, resemblance to AI or statistical techniques (which are often
mistakenly employed as mentioned above where the tasks exceed the
capabilities). Naturally, the performance of INTRONS verifies this
statement. Indeed, many of the applications environments mentioned
above would be challenging even to human experts, if required to
produce successful results without knowledge of how the information
should be utilized.
More specifically, the INTRON's intelligence can be applied in any
situation which meets the following four criteria:
(1) PERTINENT INFORMATION can be delivered to the INTRON. Not even
human intelligence can solve problems or produce adaptive behavior
without relevant information. However, the word "pertinent" is
important here. It need not be known before hand which information
is IN FACT relevant. It could well be that much of the information
provided is simply not used by the INTRON. The INTRON can perform
its functions when a sufficient amount of pertinent information is
included in the total body of information provided.
There are several important implications of this fact.
First, the designers of new products are NOT required to possess
the scientific or technical knowledge concerning what information is
in fact necessary. This knowledge need not even exist. The designer
need only be familiar enough with the application to provide a wide
variety of potentially pertinent information to the device.
Second, all of those applications which have required such
knowledge but have remained dreams since this knowledge did not yet
exist, may now be implemented with INTRON technology.
Third, it should be clear from the foregoing that the INTRON can
be used as a RESEARCH INSTRUMENT, since the knowledge which the
device develops in the performance of its assigned task can be
"dumped" and examined. Thus, the INTRON will perform the task and in
addition, reveal precisely which of the available information was
used and how it was used. Once this is known, products and
applications can be improved by discarding information which proved
to be irrelevant (not used) and providing new information which might
improve performance.
Some concrete examples of information which would meet criteria 1
are:
*** All of the outputs of sensors on satellites, vehicles, or robots
where either automated actions (e.g., guidance, manipulation) or
analysis (e.g., crops, minerals, weather, troop movements) are
desired.
*** Market, price, and general economic information in applications
involving any kind of purchase and sale transactions.
*** In game applications (e.g., electronic games, sports, racing,
military), information concerning player characteristics and current
game position could be used to produce intelligent actions, develop
strategies, etc.
(2) The second requirement is that POSSIBLE ACTIONS be well defined.
This requirement of INTRONS is no different than any other automated
system.
Examples include specific signals to guide a craft or robot arm;
specific results of analysis, such as "the crop below the satellite
is wheat" or "the weather will be cloudy in X location"; buy or sell
X commodity, currency, equity, or real estate; change to pitcher X in
a baseball game; bet on horse X in the fifth; move X number of Y type
ships to Z location; increase bank reserves; decrease inventories by
X amount; increase or decrease production; perform X surgery; etc.
(3) Third, the SUCCESS OR FAILURE of the action must be well defined.
INTRON technology can be used when it is known what is success or
failure in the particular application.
Examples include: if wheat is indeed the crop below the satellite
when the INTRON says that this is wheat; whether or not any type of
INTRON-produced forecast proves to be correct or not; whether a
purchase-sale transaction resulted in profit or loss; whether or not
the game, battle, or war was won or lost, etc.
Note that this success/failure feedback is not required at all times.
In some situations, the feedback information would not be always
available. Hence, once INTRON-manned satellites exceed the
performance of existing systems (the learning process) in
pin-pointing troop movements in practice maneuvers in New Mexico, for
example, similar pin-pointing anywhere in the world can be used with
a high degree of confidence.
(4) Finally, the METHOD or procedure for using the available
information must be NOT KNOWN, or not clear, or if known, may change
at any (unexpected) time. What situations are these? These are the
common situations which decision makers must face daily. However,
this criteria may sound strange. Consider the opposite. If the
manner of problem solution under all conditions were known, and if
the actual condition at all moments was also known, then neither
INTRONS or human intelligence would be necessary. The solution could
simply be programmed and used with confidence as is the case in
artificial intelligence applications.
But in those applications where this cannot be done for whatever
reason, then INTRON technology should be tested. It has been
mentioned that the proper method may not be known or that the method
which "works" may change in a rapid or unpredictable manner. Other
reasons why a fixed problem solution may be difficult, costly, or
impossible to program on computers include the presence of an
intrinsic random element in the task (breaking news may cause market
prices to suddenly fluctuate; a volcanic eruption may suddenly
destroy the credibility of carefully developed analyses of satellite
sensor information; a pinch hitter might strike out; etc).
In other words, INTRON technology should be considered in situations
where "human operators" are currently employed because the complexity
of the task or the necessity of adaptive responses to unanticipated
conditions requires this level of intelligence. Humans can be
replaced by INTRON controlled robots where there may be a high
element of risk (operating tanks, constructing space stations,
purchase-sale transactions of large dollar amounts, etc) and/or
because INTRONS perform the task better or at lower cost.
To summarize, the INTRON is physically a device to which four types
of lines (e.g., wires) are attached:
(a) STIMULI -- the incoming information
(b) RESPONSES -- the outgoing control signals which produce
actions
(c) FEEDBACK -- inputs of the success or failure of the RESPONSES,
(d) FUNCTION -- input signals which indicate which of several
function should be performed at any moment. Two of these Function
(or Clock) inputs cycle the device through four functions, which are:
1. Read (input) incoming Stimulus information.
2. Generate outgoing Responses (output).
3. Read (input) the Feedback caused by the Responses.
4. Learn is an internal function (no inputs or outputs).
HOW ARE INTRONS USED?
First, a brief note to the designer-engineer: Use of INTRONS in new
applications simply require the proper interfacing of signals from
the real-time environment. Note that INTRONS do not require
computers (although most computer systems will probably include
INTRONS); namely, the INTRON I/O can be connected directly to
compatible input and output devices. A simple external clock circuit
is used to synchronize INTRON functions with external events. These
functions should be clocked cyclically 1-to-4. In some instances,
abbreviated 1-to-2 cycles can be used. However, this shortened cycle
should not be used excessively since conditions (or the dynamic
relationships in the situation) might change. Remember, this is one
of the major reasons for adding INTRON CONTROL to the product or
application in the first place.
The INTRON discovery implements a process of a very general nature.
Considering the history of similar general developments, such as the
ability to transmit information via electromagnetic waves (e.g.,
radios, TVs, satellite communications), or the ability to perform
calculations electronically (e.g., the computer, and now
microprocessor chips), it seems that appropriate applications will be
numerous.
Some plans for the INTRON are presented below. Perhaps the reader
will use imagination concerning potential applications where INTRONS
will probably be used, such as:
*** In any device which presently contains a computer or
microprocessor (CPU on a chip) or other large-scale integrated
circuit chips. You name it -- video games, home computers, all sorts
of automated devices, calculators (which will be
"super-problem-solvers"), automobiles, airplanes, scientific and
medical equipment, weapons systems, and so on.
*** In any object sent into space. Here the economics is simple. The
cost of putting any object into space is high; therefore, one wants
to get the best return possible on the performance of devices sent
into space. Indeed, it is not difficult for the lay observer to
appreciate that INTRONS will probably be managing more that 90% of
the critical decisions made by such devices and that humans in space
will largely be supervisors, "riding herd" on INTRON robots.
*** In any work site where experts use computers. Since INTRONS can
also use computers, a large number of computer operation functions
which require critical decisions can be farmed out to them. Many of
these applications would be transitory in nature (perhaps a decade),
since it is difficult to imagine how computer manufacturers could
avoid the economic pressure to incorporate INTRON CONTROL in their
products.
*** In situations where the sheer volume of data is so great that it
is difficult to extract the relevant information where practical
decisions must be made. Such situations include economic
forecasting, logistics of materials shipment, materials procurement,
foreign currency hedging, analysis of data collected by satellites
and space probes, weather forecasting, military maneuvers, medical
diagnosis and treatment, marketing decisions, management of monetary
aggregates, etc.
*** In applications where practical decisions must be made RAPIDLY
which means, of course, that failure to do so bears a heavy cost.
Examples are purchase-sale transactions, military operations, medical
practice, etc. In such applications where computers are often used
to increase speed, one often finds various models (often statistical
in nature) designed to assist in the decision-making process.
The problem suffered by these installations is that their
investment has been justified by the importance of the decisions to
be made, but the computer model is too often one step behind the real
phenomena being tracked. Consider that such models usually
incorporate values (called weights) which determine the decisions
produced based on previous analysis of the predictive value of the
variables used.
What happens is a double knock-out, something not allowed even in
boxing. First, the experts who developed the model do not realize
that these values in their programs must be changed (because external
conditions and relationships have changed) until "it is too late",
that is, until the model performs so poorly that it is clear that
something is wrong. And second, by the time the experts redo all of
the analysis with more current data and inaugurate their "improved
model", there is absolutely no guarantee that the external system
being modelled has not undergone yet another change. Thus, it would
be surprising if these installations were up to date in real-time
decision making. These types of computer facilities are supremely
suited for INTELLECTRONICS.
Now the experts are not to be faulted; indeed, the very best
scientific and statistical expertise is usually present in those
facilities where the decisions "really matter." Instead, this is
PRIMARILY A MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY to provide these people with
the very best in technology to work with. And it is precisely this
kind of decision-making situation for which INTRONS were designed.
THE DEBUT OF INTELLECTRONICS
A general strategy for the development of an Intellectronics industry
will be briefly outlined. Each element of this outline would lead to
specific business plans and contracts for investors and clients.
(1) INTRON CONTROL CENTERS (ICC) -- ICC's are centralized locations
containing INTRON arrays connected with INTRON users via an
international communications network. These centers receive the
required information from client users or other sources and provide
the INTRON-generated decisions (actions) to the users under contract.
ICC's provide a organizational structure with which literally
hundreds of specific INTRON-application projects could be rapidly
conducted. Other advantages include low initial capital investment,
immediate cash flow for the INTRON CONTROL services provided,
protection of the proprietary secrets behind the INTRON since the
INTRON arrays will be maintained at secured facilities, protection of
the proprietary or national security relevance of incoming and
outgoing signals, and rapid appreciation by potential users of the
often stunning levels of intelligence of which INTRONS are capable.
At each ICC, the INTRON arrays themselves are maintained under
maximum security separate from usual staff and administrative
functions. An important point for users is that there is not
necessarily a need that the ICC have any knowledge whatsoever of the
type of decisions involved in a particular application. That is, the
INTRONS work in an abstract world of numbers; what these numbers in
fact represent may be entirely irrelevant to successful INTRON
CONTROL. This means that government and business can test INTRON
CONTROL in their own most sensitive applications without anyone
operating the ICC knowing even the broad nature of the task. In such
cases, ICC personnel provide orientation seminars so that users can
prepare their data in an acceptable format (including feedback).
Such users can find comfort in that if such maximum security is
desired, the ICC would not even know if INTRON performance was better
than competing methods (except that contracts were not terminated).
Computer Intelligence Assets (CIA) has generated many ideas for
applications. The first ICC was established at a CIA facility in San
Juan, Puerto Rico. This ICC started with a specific application,
which meets all of the criteria described above. This application
system is the SUPER-TRADER, a device which contained an array of 180
INTRONS. The Super-Trader project used market price and general
economic information to trade commodities futures contracts
(currencies, financial instruments, metals, foods) on major
exchanges. For background information on this project, the document,
"The Super-Trader: An Invention in Robotics," may be obtained from
CIA.
In short, the ICC phase of the Intronics industry provides INTRON
CONTROL services under contract. The market potential is tremendous.
Some of CIA priorities are:
--- Corporate currency hedging.
--- Bank financial instrument hedging and loan portfolio decisions.
--- Corporate material procurement and inventory management.
--- INTRON analysis of all types of satellite sensor data.
--- A variety of forecasting services, perhaps including economic
indexes, interest rates, and weather.
--- INTRON guidance of various types of vehicles and robots.
(2) THE INTRON-ON-A-CHIP -- While phase 1 above focusses on service,
the second phase is manufacturing. The technology is available to
place an entire INTRON on a very large-scale integrated (LSI) circuit
chip. This, of course, would be a fundamentally new product (unlike
the microprocessor-on-a-chip which was simply a dramatic reduction in
size of a device--a CPU--that had previously been in use for years).
While this phase would be somewhat more capital intensive, the risks
would seem to be minimal especially if the ICC's were widely used
demonstrating the utility of the product. In light of this decreased
risk and of the potential returns, it is not too early to begin
specific planning of this manufacturing phase of the Intronics
industry. It is obvious, for example, that the INTRON-ON-A-CHIP
would experience the same competitive advantage as well as open the
door for entirely new applications as did the
microprocessor-on-a-chip.
The general approach here is straightforward:
(a) Engineering drawings showing the connections, functions, power
requirements, and timing diagrams of the INTRON chip would be
provided to all major companies manufacturing electronic equipment.
These drawings find their way to the designers in those
organizations. New product technical specifications are greeted like
the tooth fairy. In other words, a process will have begin from
which there is no turning back, because these individuals will dream
up numerous new products or improvements of existing products.
(b) Meanwhile, a prototype INTRON chip is produced. Thus, as
potential purchasers of these chips are weighing these designs, many
will reach the prototype stage which would require an actual INTRON
chip for final testing.
(c) What follows is largely a question of management of production
and distribution.
In conclusion, the INTRON chip would permit the construction of high
density Super-Intelligence in very small light-weight spaces.
CONCLUSION
This document introduces INTRONICS, the world of INTRONS. Perhaps
this general description will prompt interested readers to explore
further the wide variety of issues, questions and possibilities which
it may have raised. For equity investors, the INTRON would appear
to be a very valuable property indeed. For potential users of INTRON
control services or INTRON chips, specific discussions leading to
business agreements are appropriate. Prospective future users may
wish to explore a number of test applications to determine if INTRONS
do in fact perform superior to any competing technology in terms of
both technical and economic criteria.
NOTICE: Patents and Trademarks pending for INTRON, INTELLECTRON,
INTRON CONTROL CENTER, INTRONICS, INTELLECTRONICS, INTRON ARRAYS.
WHY WAS THE INTRON INVENTED?
Presumably, the answer to this question resides in part in the
presence of the proper ingredients in one place at one time. The
inner mechanism of the INTRON resulted from a synthesis by Dr. Keene
of concepts, experience, and technical information in the following
fields:
--- Integrative Brain Functions
--- Mathematical Formalisms used in Quantum Physics
--- Computer Automation
--- Artificial Intelligence
--- Design of original Analog and Digital Devices
--- Systems Analysis and Multi-Variate Statistics
(Information on the author, including publications in internationally
recognized scientific journals, is available upon request from
Computer Intelligence Assets.)
(C) 1982-1991 James J. Keene, Ph.D.
This file may be duplicated via ECHO, uploads, downloads, etc, but
only if it is transmitted unaltered.
Thank-you for your interest! Please address comments & inquiries to:
Computer Intelligence Assets
130 Hiawatha Trail, Medford Lakes, NJ 08055 USA
phone 609-953-7205 voice/data/fax (call voice first to set param's).
presents
its new proprietary technology:
INTELLECTRONICS
[NEW YORK] "The INTRON is a new device for automation of tasks which
routinely require complex problem solving," said Dr. James Keene.
"Advanced in concept and performance, the INTRON is in a league by
itself and may therefore be distinguished from computer-based
artificial intelligence (AI)."
Thus began Dr. Keene's announcement of an exciting new discovery: the
INTRON. Let us look at the INTRON, and where it might take us.
The INTRON has numerous applications in both service and
manufacturing industries. The most obvious military and space
applications alone suggest that the nation which develops these
projects would have an enormous advantage.
The invention of the INTRON suggests specific investment
opportunities and applications projects. Investors are sorting out
the outlook as follows:
--- The economic and national security implications of this advanced
technology (THE BOTTOM LINE),
--- A functional description of the invention (WHAT IS AN INTRON?),
--- Some applications of Super-Intelligence (HOW ARE INTRONS USED?),
--- How the invention might be developed into marketable products
(THE DEBUT OF INTELLECTRONICS).
THE BOTTOM LINE
Please consider that...
(1) The previous lead of the United States in technology has been
diluted by significant innovations by foreign companies.
(2) Japan alone has committed substantial sums of money to R & D
efforts to develop the "fifth generation" of computers. Regardless
of the amount spent on R & D, there is, of course, no guarantee that
the desired product will be created. However, it may well be that
the INTRON is the key invention required in this quest. Since the
INTRON is now a reality, eliminating this particular element of R & D
risk, any reasonable equity investment may be considered to be a
bargain.
Let us assume that our competitors have not yet developed the "fifth
generation" of computers. They could not know, then, that a key
invention required to fulfil their goals, the INTRON, is not even a
computer! In fact, the INTRON invention in Super-Intelligence
provides immediate leverage in planning because the structure of
these "fifth generation" systems becomes clearer. They will be
INTRON systems in which arrays of INTRONS perform tasks using
computers and input/output devices as assistants.
(3) If performance and cost alone are evaluated, most current
users of computer technology will shift to INTRON CONTROL systems to
obtain or maintain competitive positions. In brief, the market for
INTRONS is as large as that for computers. In addition, since INTRON
CONTROL systems have more applications than computers, it is
reasonable to assume that the forthcoming INTRON market is larger.
(4) Because these advanced systems will usually use computers in
auxiliary functions (such as input/output interfacing, data
management, calculations, etc), the manufacturers of computers will
be modifying their products to make them more cost effective in these
INTRON applications, and thereby maintain or increase their customer
bases. This would apply equally to the makers of large mainframe
computers as well as the microprocessor industry.
(5) As the manufacturers of computer hardware adjust to the
appearance of INTRON technology, so will a large segment of the
computer software industry. For example, much software (from simple
accounting to AI programs) would include subroutines to interface the
programs through the hardware interfaces of their host computers with
the INTRON CONTROL devices. More specifically, much of the current
AI software (whether it be programs to guide a lunar land rover or
simple speech synthesis) are appropriate tools to place under INTRON
control.
(6) These considerations lead, of course, to the active fields of
AI and robots. For the former, INTRON technology does not represent
direct competition. In the first place, Super-Intelligence as
implemented by INTRONS performs higher order functions than do AI
methods. Hence, direct competition between INTRONS and AI is not in
the cards. Rather, the two will complement each other in hundreds of
applications. In the case of robots, the situation is somewhat
different since INTRON-controlled robots can perform a far greater
variety of tasks of much greater complexity than computer-driven
robots.
Considerable funds are currently dedicated to development of improved
automation in a variety of manufacturing, space, and military
situations. These projects have shown the elegance of AI methods as
well as their limitations. The invention of the INTRON now provides
further perspective in how these projects might best be developed.
In a great number of cases where AI cannot deliver the desired
results, INTRON technology should be considered.
In sum, the INTRON has important economic and national security
implications.
WHAT IS AN INTRON?
The word INTRON is a short form of INTELLECTRON, which contains the
word "intellect" and the sound of "electron". Hence, the INTRON is
an electronic device which displays Super-Intelligence. As such, it
can perform tasks requiring more intelligence than current artificial
intelligence can in principle perform. While the intelligence of
INTRONS is clearly greater than AI systems, it should be considered
less than that of humans, although INTRONS perform better than humans
in numerous applications. To distinguish the level of intelligence
involved, the term "Super-Intelligence" has been introduced to avoid
confusion.
The INTRON can learn how to use complex information provided to it to
solve a problem in situations where both the possible actions and the
criteria of successful problem solution are both well defined.
However, the key feature is its success in solving problems when the
method or procedure for using the information provided to produce
successful actions is not known, or not clear, or even changes
radically over time. Thus, INTRONS are continuously learning how to
use the information provided pertaining to the problem at hand, much
as animals and humans do.
The concept and inner design of the INTRON is unique, bearing little,
if any, resemblance to AI or statistical techniques (which are often
mistakenly employed as mentioned above where the tasks exceed the
capabilities). Naturally, the performance of INTRONS verifies this
statement. Indeed, many of the applications environments mentioned
above would be challenging even to human experts, if required to
produce successful results without knowledge of how the information
should be utilized.
More specifically, the INTRON's intelligence can be applied in any
situation which meets the following four criteria:
(1) PERTINENT INFORMATION can be delivered to the INTRON. Not even
human intelligence can solve problems or produce adaptive behavior
without relevant information. However, the word "pertinent" is
important here. It need not be known before hand which information
is IN FACT relevant. It could well be that much of the information
provided is simply not used by the INTRON. The INTRON can perform
its functions when a sufficient amount of pertinent information is
included in the total body of information provided.
There are several important implications of this fact.
First, the designers of new products are NOT required to possess
the scientific or technical knowledge concerning what information is
in fact necessary. This knowledge need not even exist. The designer
need only be familiar enough with the application to provide a wide
variety of potentially pertinent information to the device.
Second, all of those applications which have required such
knowledge but have remained dreams since this knowledge did not yet
exist, may now be implemented with INTRON technology.
Third, it should be clear from the foregoing that the INTRON can
be used as a RESEARCH INSTRUMENT, since the knowledge which the
device develops in the performance of its assigned task can be
"dumped" and examined. Thus, the INTRON will perform the task and in
addition, reveal precisely which of the available information was
used and how it was used. Once this is known, products and
applications can be improved by discarding information which proved
to be irrelevant (not used) and providing new information which might
improve performance.
Some concrete examples of information which would meet criteria 1
are:
*** All of the outputs of sensors on satellites, vehicles, or robots
where either automated actions (e.g., guidance, manipulation) or
analysis (e.g., crops, minerals, weather, troop movements) are
desired.
*** Market, price, and general economic information in applications
involving any kind of purchase and sale transactions.
*** In game applications (e.g., electronic games, sports, racing,
military), information concerning player characteristics and current
game position could be used to produce intelligent actions, develop
strategies, etc.
(2) The second requirement is that POSSIBLE ACTIONS be well defined.
This requirement of INTRONS is no different than any other automated
system.
Examples include specific signals to guide a craft or robot arm;
specific results of analysis, such as "the crop below the satellite
is wheat" or "the weather will be cloudy in X location"; buy or sell
X commodity, currency, equity, or real estate; change to pitcher X in
a baseball game; bet on horse X in the fifth; move X number of Y type
ships to Z location; increase bank reserves; decrease inventories by
X amount; increase or decrease production; perform X surgery; etc.
(3) Third, the SUCCESS OR FAILURE of the action must be well defined.
INTRON technology can be used when it is known what is success or
failure in the particular application.
Examples include: if wheat is indeed the crop below the satellite
when the INTRON says that this is wheat; whether or not any type of
INTRON-produced forecast proves to be correct or not; whether a
purchase-sale transaction resulted in profit or loss; whether or not
the game, battle, or war was won or lost, etc.
Note that this success/failure feedback is not required at all times.
In some situations, the feedback information would not be always
available. Hence, once INTRON-manned satellites exceed the
performance of existing systems (the learning process) in
pin-pointing troop movements in practice maneuvers in New Mexico, for
example, similar pin-pointing anywhere in the world can be used with
a high degree of confidence.
(4) Finally, the METHOD or procedure for using the available
information must be NOT KNOWN, or not clear, or if known, may change
at any (unexpected) time. What situations are these? These are the
common situations which decision makers must face daily. However,
this criteria may sound strange. Consider the opposite. If the
manner of problem solution under all conditions were known, and if
the actual condition at all moments was also known, then neither
INTRONS or human intelligence would be necessary. The solution could
simply be programmed and used with confidence as is the case in
artificial intelligence applications.
But in those applications where this cannot be done for whatever
reason, then INTRON technology should be tested. It has been
mentioned that the proper method may not be known or that the method
which "works" may change in a rapid or unpredictable manner. Other
reasons why a fixed problem solution may be difficult, costly, or
impossible to program on computers include the presence of an
intrinsic random element in the task (breaking news may cause market
prices to suddenly fluctuate; a volcanic eruption may suddenly
destroy the credibility of carefully developed analyses of satellite
sensor information; a pinch hitter might strike out; etc).
In other words, INTRON technology should be considered in situations
where "human operators" are currently employed because the complexity
of the task or the necessity of adaptive responses to unanticipated
conditions requires this level of intelligence. Humans can be
replaced by INTRON controlled robots where there may be a high
element of risk (operating tanks, constructing space stations,
purchase-sale transactions of large dollar amounts, etc) and/or
because INTRONS perform the task better or at lower cost.
To summarize, the INTRON is physically a device to which four types
of lines (e.g., wires) are attached:
(a) STIMULI -- the incoming information
(b) RESPONSES -- the outgoing control signals which produce
actions
(c) FEEDBACK -- inputs of the success or failure of the RESPONSES,
(d) FUNCTION -- input signals which indicate which of several
function should be performed at any moment. Two of these Function
(or Clock) inputs cycle the device through four functions, which are:
1. Read (input) incoming Stimulus information.
2. Generate outgoing Responses (output).
3. Read (input) the Feedback caused by the Responses.
4. Learn is an internal function (no inputs or outputs).
HOW ARE INTRONS USED?
First, a brief note to the designer-engineer: Use of INTRONS in new
applications simply require the proper interfacing of signals from
the real-time environment. Note that INTRONS do not require
computers (although most computer systems will probably include
INTRONS); namely, the INTRON I/O can be connected directly to
compatible input and output devices. A simple external clock circuit
is used to synchronize INTRON functions with external events. These
functions should be clocked cyclically 1-to-4. In some instances,
abbreviated 1-to-2 cycles can be used. However, this shortened cycle
should not be used excessively since conditions (or the dynamic
relationships in the situation) might change. Remember, this is one
of the major reasons for adding INTRON CONTROL to the product or
application in the first place.
The INTRON discovery implements a process of a very general nature.
Considering the history of similar general developments, such as the
ability to transmit information via electromagnetic waves (e.g.,
radios, TVs, satellite communications), or the ability to perform
calculations electronically (e.g., the computer, and now
microprocessor chips), it seems that appropriate applications will be
numerous.
Some plans for the INTRON are presented below. Perhaps the reader
will use imagination concerning potential applications where INTRONS
will probably be used, such as:
*** In any device which presently contains a computer or
microprocessor (CPU on a chip) or other large-scale integrated
circuit chips. You name it -- video games, home computers, all sorts
of automated devices, calculators (which will be
"super-problem-solvers"), automobiles, airplanes, scientific and
medical equipment, weapons systems, and so on.
*** In any object sent into space. Here the economics is simple. The
cost of putting any object into space is high; therefore, one wants
to get the best return possible on the performance of devices sent
into space. Indeed, it is not difficult for the lay observer to
appreciate that INTRONS will probably be managing more that 90% of
the critical decisions made by such devices and that humans in space
will largely be supervisors, "riding herd" on INTRON robots.
*** In any work site where experts use computers. Since INTRONS can
also use computers, a large number of computer operation functions
which require critical decisions can be farmed out to them. Many of
these applications would be transitory in nature (perhaps a decade),
since it is difficult to imagine how computer manufacturers could
avoid the economic pressure to incorporate INTRON CONTROL in their
products.
*** In situations where the sheer volume of data is so great that it
is difficult to extract the relevant information where practical
decisions must be made. Such situations include economic
forecasting, logistics of materials shipment, materials procurement,
foreign currency hedging, analysis of data collected by satellites
and space probes, weather forecasting, military maneuvers, medical
diagnosis and treatment, marketing decisions, management of monetary
aggregates, etc.
*** In applications where practical decisions must be made RAPIDLY
which means, of course, that failure to do so bears a heavy cost.
Examples are purchase-sale transactions, military operations, medical
practice, etc. In such applications where computers are often used
to increase speed, one often finds various models (often statistical
in nature) designed to assist in the decision-making process.
The problem suffered by these installations is that their
investment has been justified by the importance of the decisions to
be made, but the computer model is too often one step behind the real
phenomena being tracked. Consider that such models usually
incorporate values (called weights) which determine the decisions
produced based on previous analysis of the predictive value of the
variables used.
What happens is a double knock-out, something not allowed even in
boxing. First, the experts who developed the model do not realize
that these values in their programs must be changed (because external
conditions and relationships have changed) until "it is too late",
that is, until the model performs so poorly that it is clear that
something is wrong. And second, by the time the experts redo all of
the analysis with more current data and inaugurate their "improved
model", there is absolutely no guarantee that the external system
being modelled has not undergone yet another change. Thus, it would
be surprising if these installations were up to date in real-time
decision making. These types of computer facilities are supremely
suited for INTELLECTRONICS.
Now the experts are not to be faulted; indeed, the very best
scientific and statistical expertise is usually present in those
facilities where the decisions "really matter." Instead, this is
PRIMARILY A MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY to provide these people with
the very best in technology to work with. And it is precisely this
kind of decision-making situation for which INTRONS were designed.
THE DEBUT OF INTELLECTRONICS
A general strategy for the development of an Intellectronics industry
will be briefly outlined. Each element of this outline would lead to
specific business plans and contracts for investors and clients.
(1) INTRON CONTROL CENTERS (ICC) -- ICC's are centralized locations
containing INTRON arrays connected with INTRON users via an
international communications network. These centers receive the
required information from client users or other sources and provide
the INTRON-generated decisions (actions) to the users under contract.
ICC's provide a organizational structure with which literally
hundreds of specific INTRON-application projects could be rapidly
conducted. Other advantages include low initial capital investment,
immediate cash flow for the INTRON CONTROL services provided,
protection of the proprietary secrets behind the INTRON since the
INTRON arrays will be maintained at secured facilities, protection of
the proprietary or national security relevance of incoming and
outgoing signals, and rapid appreciation by potential users of the
often stunning levels of intelligence of which INTRONS are capable.
At each ICC, the INTRON arrays themselves are maintained under
maximum security separate from usual staff and administrative
functions. An important point for users is that there is not
necessarily a need that the ICC have any knowledge whatsoever of the
type of decisions involved in a particular application. That is, the
INTRONS work in an abstract world of numbers; what these numbers in
fact represent may be entirely irrelevant to successful INTRON
CONTROL. This means that government and business can test INTRON
CONTROL in their own most sensitive applications without anyone
operating the ICC knowing even the broad nature of the task. In such
cases, ICC personnel provide orientation seminars so that users can
prepare their data in an acceptable format (including feedback).
Such users can find comfort in that if such maximum security is
desired, the ICC would not even know if INTRON performance was better
than competing methods (except that contracts were not terminated).
Computer Intelligence Assets (CIA) has generated many ideas for
applications. The first ICC was established at a CIA facility in San
Juan, Puerto Rico. This ICC started with a specific application,
which meets all of the criteria described above. This application
system is the SUPER-TRADER, a device which contained an array of 180
INTRONS. The Super-Trader project used market price and general
economic information to trade commodities futures contracts
(currencies, financial instruments, metals, foods) on major
exchanges. For background information on this project, the document,
"The Super-Trader: An Invention in Robotics," may be obtained from
CIA.
In short, the ICC phase of the Intronics industry provides INTRON
CONTROL services under contract. The market potential is tremendous.
Some of CIA priorities are:
--- Corporate currency hedging.
--- Bank financial instrument hedging and loan portfolio decisions.
--- Corporate material procurement and inventory management.
--- INTRON analysis of all types of satellite sensor data.
--- A variety of forecasting services, perhaps including economic
indexes, interest rates, and weather.
--- INTRON guidance of various types of vehicles and robots.
(2) THE INTRON-ON-A-CHIP -- While phase 1 above focusses on service,
the second phase is manufacturing. The technology is available to
place an entire INTRON on a very large-scale integrated (LSI) circuit
chip. This, of course, would be a fundamentally new product (unlike
the microprocessor-on-a-chip which was simply a dramatic reduction in
size of a device--a CPU--that had previously been in use for years).
While this phase would be somewhat more capital intensive, the risks
would seem to be minimal especially if the ICC's were widely used
demonstrating the utility of the product. In light of this decreased
risk and of the potential returns, it is not too early to begin
specific planning of this manufacturing phase of the Intronics
industry. It is obvious, for example, that the INTRON-ON-A-CHIP
would experience the same competitive advantage as well as open the
door for entirely new applications as did the
microprocessor-on-a-chip.
The general approach here is straightforward:
(a) Engineering drawings showing the connections, functions, power
requirements, and timing diagrams of the INTRON chip would be
provided to all major companies manufacturing electronic equipment.
These drawings find their way to the designers in those
organizations. New product technical specifications are greeted like
the tooth fairy. In other words, a process will have begin from
which there is no turning back, because these individuals will dream
up numerous new products or improvements of existing products.
(b) Meanwhile, a prototype INTRON chip is produced. Thus, as
potential purchasers of these chips are weighing these designs, many
will reach the prototype stage which would require an actual INTRON
chip for final testing.
(c) What follows is largely a question of management of production
and distribution.
In conclusion, the INTRON chip would permit the construction of high
density Super-Intelligence in very small light-weight spaces.
CONCLUSION
This document introduces INTRONICS, the world of INTRONS. Perhaps
this general description will prompt interested readers to explore
further the wide variety of issues, questions and possibilities which
it may have raised. For equity investors, the INTRON would appear
to be a very valuable property indeed. For potential users of INTRON
control services or INTRON chips, specific discussions leading to
business agreements are appropriate. Prospective future users may
wish to explore a number of test applications to determine if INTRONS
do in fact perform superior to any competing technology in terms of
both technical and economic criteria.
NOTICE: Patents and Trademarks pending for INTRON, INTELLECTRON,
INTRON CONTROL CENTER, INTRONICS, INTELLECTRONICS, INTRON ARRAYS.
WHY WAS THE INTRON INVENTED?
Presumably, the answer to this question resides in part in the
presence of the proper ingredients in one place at one time. The
inner mechanism of the INTRON resulted from a synthesis by Dr. Keene
of concepts, experience, and technical information in the following
fields:
--- Integrative Brain Functions
--- Mathematical Formalisms used in Quantum Physics
--- Computer Automation
--- Artificial Intelligence
--- Design of original Analog and Digital Devices
--- Systems Analysis and Multi-Variate Statistics
(Information on the author, including publications in internationally
recognized scientific journals, is available upon request from
Computer Intelligence Assets.)
(C) 1982-1991 James J. Keene, Ph.D.
This file may be duplicated via ECHO, uploads, downloads, etc, but
only if it is transmitted unaltered.
Thank-you for your interest! Please address comments & inquiries to:
Computer Intelligence Assets
130 Hiawatha Trail, Medford Lakes, NJ 08055 USA
phone 609-953-7205 voice/data/fax (call voice first to set param's).
Comments
Post a Comment