Voice of the Wolf
Voice Wolves make four types of sounds: howl, bark, whimper, and growl. Howling is the most familiar wolf vocalization to everyone. When wolves howl together they harmonize, rather than howl the same note, creating an impression of more animals howling than actually are. Wolves don't need to stand to howl. They can howl lying down or sitting. Apparently, wolves howl to assemble the pack, especially before and after the ®hunt¯; to pass on an alarm, especially at the den site; to locate each other in a storm or in unfamiliar territory; and to communicate across great distances. There is no evidence that ®wolves¯ howl at the moon, or more frequently during a full moon. Wolves only infrequently bark, and it is a quiet "woof" more often than a ®dog¯-type bark. They do not bark continuously like ®dogs¯ but woof a few times and then retreat, as for example when a stranger approaches the den. Barks reported from the field are associated with a pack's being surprised at its...